运动训练对正常膝关节松弛程度的影响

研究目的,了解运动对膝关节松弛的影响。研究方法：采用自行研制的膝关节松弛仪测试了１４名普通受试者运动训练前后膝关节松弛度。主要结果和结论：此研究发现训练后膝关节松弛度明显增加并维持８ｈ,于较长时间的休息和不负重（睡眠）后方可恢复,建议：对运动引起的膝关节松弛应加以积极恢复。     

关于膝损伤患者伸、屈肌群力矩值及修正值的研究

利用Kin-Com等速测力仪对108名膝关节损伤的男性患者健、患膝关节伸、屈肌群向心性收缩的平均力矩、峰力矩及单位体重下的修正值进行比较研究。实验表明,受伤膝关节的伸肌群与正常膝关节相比在平均力矩和峰力矩方面均有明显下降;而屈肌群的下降并不明显。伸肌群产生最大量的角度大约在60度左右,屈肌群产生最大力量的角度大约为20度左右。患者正常侧膝关节H／Q平均值在80％左右,伤侧H／Q平均值高达90％以上。实验所得平均力矩修正值和峰力矩修正值相对于一般人群膝关节损伤患者具有重要的参考价值。受伤膝关节伸肌群的平均力矩和峰力矩,与对侧正常膝关节相比,低于10％以上,可以作为膝关节损伤诊断和康复评定的有意义指标之一。     

运动员膝关节前交叉韧带损伤的机制及重建治疗

膝关节为全身最大、最复杂的关节,运动中膝关节比较容易受伤,其中前交叉韧带损伤是临床上较为常见又严重的运动损伤。前交叉韧带的功能解剖基础、损伤的发生率、损伤机制、手术重建治疗方法等对前交叉韧带损伤的了解和进行治疗的功能重建有非常重要的意义。本文将有关文献资料进行整理,为前交叉韧带损伤提供科学的理论知识。     

优秀散打运动员下肢关节等速肌力特征研究

运用IsoMed2000型肌力测试系统，选择60°/s和240°/s，对23名优秀男子散打运动员（健将级9名为A组，国家一级14名为B组）支撑腿和进攻腿髋、膝、踝屈伸肌群各项等速肌力指标进行测量。探讨优秀散打运动员支撑腿和进攻腿髋、膝、踝关节等速肌力特征，分析两腿的肌力差异，判断肌力平衡、关节稳定，运动员等级水平对肌力的影响。结果：国家健将级散打运动员双侧下肢髋、膝、踝关节等速肌力及稳定性显著优于国家一级运动员，支撑腿主要体现力的有效传递及稳定性，进攻腿主要体现屈伸肌力大小。     

Associated ACL risk factors differences during an unanticipated volleyball blocking movement

ABSTRACT

The lateral tilt of the arms accompanied by trunk lateral tilt is a typical blocking manoeuvre in volleyball. However, during this unanticipated blocking movement, an associated risk of ACL injury may result. The aim of the present study was to compare associative ACL risk factors at the initial contact and the first and second peak of VGRF during an unanticipated blocking movement with different arm positions. Synchronized kinematic and kinetic data were collected for each trial of each condition. Student paired t-tests and effect size were used to determine differences between two conditions (S – with arms straight up from the body) and (T – with the arms and trunk laterally tilted). The results showed that the T condition significantly decreases knee flexion, increases VGRF at the foot contact, first peak force and increases the valgus moment at the first peak force. The values of the associated risk factors for a non-contact ACL injury appear to be related to the tilted arm position accompanied by trunk tilt towards to right lower limb during landing. The players should be taught to land with greater knee flexion and, if possible, a double-leg landing to decrease right lower limb loading during the blocking manoeuvre.     

膝关节ACL损伤关节镜术后早期康复计划研究

采用实验法,对专业运动员膝关节前交叉韧带及半月板关节镜修补手术后的康复运动训练进行研究,结果显示,本研究中制定的康复计划,在运动员客观症状改善和运动能力恢复方面均优于传统的临床实践,具有损伤后运动竞技能力尽早恢复的可行性。     

轴向扩散下不可压饱和多孔简支弹性杆的弯曲

Based on the mathematical model of the bending of the incompressible saturated poroelastic beam with axialdiffusion, the quasi-static bendings of the simply supported poroelastic beam subjected to a suddenly applied constant loadwere investigated, and the analytical solutions were obtained for different diffusion conditions of the pore fluid at the beamends. The deflections, the bending moments of the solid skeleton and the equivalent couples of the pore pressures werepresented in figures. It is also shown that the behavior of the saturated poroelastic beams depends closely on the diffusionconditions at the beam ends, especially for the equivalent couples of the pore pressures. It is found that the Mandel-Cryereffect also exists in the bending of the saturated poroelastic beams under specific diffusion conditions at the beam ends.     

双向受弯梁受剪承载力计算方法探析

在工程实践中,对双向受弯梁的斜截面受剪承载力计算通常是简化成按两个方向单向受弯梁分别计算。本文以32根集中荷载作用下混凝土双向受弯梁斜截面受剪性能试验为依据,对该方法的适用性进行探讨。研究结果表明这种简化设计方法是不安全的。     

冷弯矩形钢管的成型工艺、性能及在建筑中的应用

冷弯矩形钢管是最常见的异型钢管,广泛用于建筑、医疗器械、高档家具、汽车、造船等行业.对冷弯矩形钢管的成型工艺、产品性能、特点作了主要介绍,并对其在建筑行业中的应用情况及应用前景作了初步分析.     

The Influence of Tian Gan Deflection on the Flatness of Hanging Scrolls in Chinese Painting and Calligraphy

ABSTRACT

The forms of traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy are varied, including hanging scrolls, horizontal scrolls, screens, hand scrolls, and albums. Hanging scrolls are hung on the wall for display, but curling edges often appear on both sides of the hanging scroll. Various factors influence the deformation of paintings and calligraphy, such as temperature and relative humidity and the susceptibility of materials in scrolls as well as mounting techniques. The influences of structural components, such as tian gan (hanging rod), hanging rope, and di gan (lower rod) have received little attention. This paper focuses on the influences of tian gan deflection on the deformation of hanging scrolls, with the help of DIC (digital image correlation) visualization. Deflections of tian gan in two types of hanging methods were compared with a theoretical study. It was suggested that the influence of axial force was of great importance on the increase in deflection and bending moment. To reduce the bending of tian gan as much as possible, the vertical hanging method with appropriate position for the hanging rope should be chosen for mounting hanging scrolls.