Changes in serum haptoglobin as an acute response to a marathon road race

In order to assess the possible occurrence of acute haemolysis with prolonged exertion, serum haptoglobin levels were determined from venous blood samples collected from eight male runners immediately preceding (PreRH), immediately following (PRH1), and 6 h following (PRH2) completion of a marathon road race. The subjects’ mean age, percentage of body fat, and maximum oxygen uptake (VO₂max) were 46 ± 9 years, 12.1 ± 3.4% and 54.9 ± 8.4 ml kg^‐1 min^‐1, respectively. The mean race finish time for the subjects was 3:35 ± O: 18 h:min. The PreRH, PRH1 and PRH2 averaged 129 ± 18, 97 ± 48 and 86 ± 35 mg dl^‐1 respectively. Significant differences of –32.5 mg dl^‐1 between PreRH versus PRH1 and –42.5 mg dl^‐1 between PreRH versus PRH2 were found. The difference between PRH1 and PRH2 of –10.6 mg dl^‐1 was not significant. No significant correlations were found between the decreases in serum haptoglobin and VO₂max or race finish time. The data suggest the occurrence of an acute haemolysis with performance of the marathon road race.     

中外优秀运动员20km竞走摆动技术的三维运动学分析

为研究中外男子20km竞走运动员摆动技术的运动学特征,找出中外运动员的差异,主要采用文献资料法、三维影像解析法对4名中外男子20kill竞走运动员的摆动技术进行运动学分析,研究发现：现阶段世界级男子20km竞走运动员摆动技术的特征是上下肢在大幅度摆动的基础上保持较快的摆动速度,两腿膝关节在摆动过程中基本处于同一水平面;肩髋扭转角度是影响步长的重要原因之一,肩髋额状面夹角的大小决定着运动员肩关节和髋关节的摆动幅度;中国运动员需要减小两腿膝关节在摆动过程中的上下波动,增大肩髋扭转角和肩髋额状轴夹角,提高上下肢的摆动速度。     

阳光体育冬季长跑活动的实施策略

近年我国学生身体素质一直呈下降状态,尤其是耐力素质更是持续下降。其原因,正是由于平时缺乏体育锻炼的结果。阳光体育冬季长跑活动是增强学生体质,磨炼其意志品质,锻炼学生心肺功能和耐力等比较有效、安全的方式,它不是增强学生体质的唯一方法,但却是简便易行,城乡皆宜的运动项目。阳光体育冬季长跑在我国学校的开展情况可谓是参差不齐,在一些素质教育较为重视地区,阳光体育冬季长跑的实施的确取得了较好的效果。但是,在大多数地区,学校只重视学生成绩。随着时间推移,阳光体育已经变成了“形式主义”的牺牲品,在很多方面遇到了各种问题。本文运用文献资料检索法、逻辑分析法和数理统计分析法就阳光体育冬季长跑活动组织与实施过程中遇到的学校的组织、监督、贯彻不利,学生缺乏体育锻炼和健康意识,没有形成良好的体育锻炼习惯的问题进行分析探讨,并提出合理化建议。目的是让阳光体育冬季长跑充分发挥其应有的效应,并保证阳光体育冬季长跑组织和实施的合理性、有效性。     

试析西北民族体育文化的特性

文章运用文献资料法、逻辑推理法,从地域性、民族性、全球性三个方面对西北民族体育文化的特性进行阐述,将西北民族体育文化从文化学的角度展现出来,使人们能更科学地认识西北民族的体育文化。     

论中国古代北方少数民族体育活动发展的特点及其影响

中国古代北方少数民族骑射、赛马、角力等项活动,最初是在其游牧经济基础上发展的。其入中原后,因受汉族农耕经济的影响,生活环境和方式发生了变化,因此用于狩猎和骑战的骑射等渐趋式微,并逐渐退出了历史舞台。而普遍存在于岁时节日和宗教礼仪活动中的体育内容,则因其民族习俗的因袭力,承袭至近、现代。在其历史发展中,又不断吸收了中原汉族社会诸多体育内容,并成为其文化的一部分。近、现代北方少数民族传统体育活动多是在承袭古代北方民族体育文化的基础上发展的。     

Evolution of the nature-nurture controversy: Response to J. Philippe Rushton

The nature-nurture controversy is reviewed from the nineteenth century to the present. This review indicates that the nature-nuture issue has been highly controversial in psychology and education for long, mainly because of the oversimplified, either-or polarism of partisan views. In recent times, however, the old issue appears increasingly archaic. Expanding, interdisciplinary theory and research reveal complex interrelationships and evolutionary cognitive adaptations, etc. that can finally put the nature-nurture controversy to rest. This review provides background for a response to Rushton's critique of Yee (1992) in this issue.     

理性意识:中西影像文化的磨合

理性意识是个宽泛性、边缘性的学理概念。20世纪80年代,谢晋率先推出一批禀赋新理性精神的佳作。尔后,第五、六代导演群族相继推出一批具有新理性精神的作品。它与30年代以费穆为代表的彼时导演群执著追求理性意识、诗学品格以及西方各类电影学派所倡导的各种理性意识,都有不同程度的磨合关系。     

I Give Civil Rights Four Stars

Three recent Hollywood films, The Help (2011), Lee Daniels’ The Butler (2013) and Selma (2014), drew attention for depicting the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s. While Hollywood has been scrutinized for its role in racial discourse, less attention has been paid to how film critics discuss race in their reviews. This paper examines the critical response to these films, with an emphasis on the reviewers’ reliance on memory and history in forming their opinions. A textual analysis found that critics were reverential toward the movement and the black experience but still distrustful of the Hollywood system doing a credible job in explaining or understanding the events. The reviewers shaped and shared a memory of nightmarish race relations and prescribed corrections for both Hollywood and America. These reviews illustrate that film critics see themselves as arbiters not only of taste but also of history.     

Hitching wagons to stars: celebrity,metonymy, hegemony,and the case of Will Smith

Representations of celebrities operate as politically and culturally significant resources for the construction, regulation, and even contestation of hegemonic discourses about race and gender in the United States. Not simply meaningful or important to fans, star images may also provide resources to critics aiming to interrogate and intervene against potentially oppressive cultural norms. Forwarding an approach called metonymic criticism, this essay argues that the associative logic of metonymy plays a central role in both the articulation of celebrity personae and the operations of hegemonic discourse formations. The analysis develops by considering the case of a star whose public image has unique probative value for studying the intersecting discourses of race and gender in US culture: Will Smith.     

Selling streetball: racialized space,commercialized spectacle,and playground basketball

This paper outlines plans for a research project on representations of basketball in New York City. It argues that a highly performative style of playground basketball strongly associated with racialized urban ghettos, often referred to as “streetball,” has become a significant way that basketball-related products has been marketed in the late-twentieth and early-twenty-first centuries. These marketing efforts are an important source of popular fantasy about the “iconic ghetto,” and work to maintain racialized spatial relations in the U.S.