动力排水固结法在连云港软土地区的应用研究

连云港海相软土具有含水量高、压缩性高、孔隙比高、强度低等特点,其工程性质较差,是该地区基础设计的重点和难点。结合某海相软土的加固处理工程,阐述了动力排水固结的加固机理,并对其加固效果进行了分析。检测结果显示,动力排水固结法处理连云港软粘土场地可以取得良好效果,其经验可供类似工程参考。     

Learning for Vocation Apprentice Participation in Work Practice

The high drop-out rate in upper secondary education is a major challenge to European and US educational programmes. Upper secondary education in Norway faces a similar challenge, because in recent decades, around one-third of the students drop out of the educational programmes. The majority of the drop-outs are students in vocational programmes, and a substantial number are apprentices at the workplace. With these high drop-out rates and the ensuing personal, social and economic consequences, it is vital to address how upper secondary education systems can keep students connected throughout the programmes. By thoroughly analyzing learning environments and the experiences, interactions and processes which youth deal with during vocational education, insights into how characteristics of the learning environments relate to dropping-out and connectedness may be brought into educational discussions. The case study presented in this article explores how workplaces constitute learning environments and how apprentices participate in the learning environments of work according to their dispositions, aims and life plans. The findings show that the apprentices had different agencies and that they were involved in two distinct participation patterns at the workplace： a collaborative pattern and an executive pattern. Our findings also suggest that strong agency for the vocation may keep apprentices connected throughout the educational programme, although they are aftbrded an executive participation pattern. Based on our findings, it is appropriate to raise questions as to whether an unclear agency for the vocation, together with affordance of executive participation patterns, may suggest one possible answer for the high drop-out rate among apprentices.     

Research into Practice: Current Trends in Educational Technology Research: The Study of Learning Environments

Educational technology research has passed through a number of stages, focusing, in turn, on the content to be learned, the format of instructional messages, and the interaction between computers and students. The field is now concerned with the study of learning in complete, complex, and interactive learning environments. These environments allow both the simulation of experiences that students might have in the real world and also the creation of compelling experiences that cannot normally be experienced directly. Learning environments also often allow students to communicate their own ideas with the use of a variety of symbol systems. These environments are also frequently inhabited by more than one person, making learning within them a social activity where learning is distributed among both people and artifacts. Finally, these learning environments are complex. Studying how they contribute to learning therefore requires research methods other than controlled experiments. This paper reviews research on learning environments to give both an historical perspective on educational technology research and a selective view of the current state of the discipline. It concludes by identifying implications for both practice and future research.     

Re/assembling ‘innovative’ learning environments: Affective practice and its politics

Abstract

In this article, we argue that the interest being taken by governments in establishing innovative learning environments (ILEs) in schools relies on a conception of space as a largely neutral arena. In consequence, relations of space and power inherent in the infrastructural shift to ILEs tend to drop from view. Adopting an assemblage approach to investigating learning environments, and exploring ILEs as they are playing out in Australian schools, we strive to surface what drops from view. Taking ILEs to be sociomaterial assemblages, we work with empirical material and trace how they assemble and reassemble. The account is less concerned with what works in ILEs; rather, its focus is on their ‘workings’ as assemblages of relations and most particularly, affective relations. Thus, we explore two affective encounters involving school leaders, teachers and students showing the ways in which they position and are positioned within ILEs. The argument is made that the assemblage approach which is non-deterministic and relational affords new ways of understanding what ILEs are and how they work and who they work for. And, that attending to affective practice brings into view the micropolitics through which infrastructural shifts and infrastructural policy-making are made.     

The urban and the natural in education reform: the development of Hamburg Schullandheime (rural school hostels) in the 1920s

ABSTRACT

The desire to be close to nature and live in tune with it grew as industrialisation, urbanisation and the impact of technology became increasingly ubiquitous at the turn of the twentieth century. Throughout Europe, model schools were established in rural environments. These private reform schools could not solve the problems of public urban schools. Founded on the initiative of teachers and parents, the Schullandheim (rural school hostel) emerged as a new form bringing urban education and schooling close to nature after the First World War in Germany. Even if related pedagogic activities developed at that time in other countries there is no evidence for comparable institutions. Besides tracing the development of Schullandheime, the article shows how the school hostel idea was embedded in the contemporary educational discussion about the influence large cities had on youth and explores the educational and cultural differences within the school hostel movement through the use of visual material.     

性格与环境 --《米德尔马契》主要人物形象分析

性格是环境的产物,环境因素在一个人的性格形成中起着决定性的作用.在乔治·艾略特的作品<米德尔马契>中,男女主人公理想破灭的过程反映出环境主导性格的关系.     

海洋微生物极端酶的开发和应用

随着陆地资源的日趋减少,开发海洋,向海洋索取资源,尤其是海洋微生物资源越来越受到人们的关注.海洋多变的环境,如高温、强酸、强碱、浓盐的环境造就了形形色色的极端微生物.海洋微生物极端酶能在各种极端环境中起催化作用.文中介绍了几种极端酶的开发及应用.     

基于生态足迹和人文发展指数的可持续发展评价--以我国海洋渔业资源利用为例

可持续性评价是衡量社会发展状况的一个重要问题。基于生态足迹指数和人文发展指数构建了可持续性评价框架,运用该评价框架对我国社会发展及其对海洋渔业资源的影响进行了综合评价。结果表明：1991-2003年间,我国基于海洋渔业资源利用的社会发展处于不可持续的状态。最后就如何提高社会发展的可持续性水平,降低社会发展对海洋渔业资源的影响提出了一些建议。     

Analytic Frameworks for Assessing Dialogic Argumentation in Online Learning Environments

Over the last decade, researchers have developed sophisticated online learning environments to support students engaging in dialogic argumentation. This review examines five categories of analytic frameworks for measuring participant interactions within these environments focusing on (1) formal argumentation structure, (2) conceptual quality, (3) nature and function of contributions within the dialogue, (4) epistemic nature of reasoning, and (5) argumentation sequences and interaction patterns. Ultimately, the review underscores the diversity of theoretical perspectives represented within this research, the nature of dialogic interaction within these environments, the importance of clearly specifying theoretical and environmental commitments throughout the process of developing or adopting an analytic framework, and the role of analytic frameworks in the future development of online learning environments for argumentation.

中国常常“错失”世界大奖的理性思考——以中西方文明与文化的差异性为视角

中国文明是从内部因素和理性的推理来求证世界,西方文明是从外部因素和实践的求证来理解世界。因此,决定了它们各自传承延展的思想文化内容和特征不同,导致了生长在不同地域与社会关系、文化氛围中的中西方人对生命和人性的本质理解之描述也就必然出现差异,进而决定了文学艺术与影视艺术在追求与表现上的差异性。