Kinship,Camaraderie and Contestation: Fāṭimid Relations with the Ashrāf in the Fourth/Tenth Century.

The founding of the Fā?imid caliphate across the southern Mediterranean, and then in Egypt, Syria and the ?ijāz at the turn of the fourth/tenth century, necessitated its negotiation with the ashrāf, those who claimed lineal descent from the Prophet Mu?ammad, and who by this time had gained significant influence as a social class based on their charismatic descent. While other dynastic powers fostered relationships with various members of the ashrāf, the Fā?imid–ashrāf dynamics were distinctive in that the Fā?imids legitimised their rule as Ismā?īlī Shī?ī imām-caliphs, based on their claim of descent from the Prophet Mu?ammad, and as the sole successors to his authority and leadership over the Islamic world. Consequently, Fā?imid–ashrāf relations were permeated by fraternal camaraderie as well as by competing contestations based on their shared claim to Prophetic lineage.     

论最后用力在掷标枪技术中的重要作用

标枪投掷中,最后用力的好坏直接影响到运动成绩,在分析了各环节的基础上提出了最后用力在标枪投掷中的重要作用。而在最后用力技术环节中,左侧支撑技术的好坏,直接影响力的传递和用力的效果,进而影响投掷成绩。     

竞技武术套路中旋风脚B级跳跃连接难度动作的研究

竞技武术套路中旋风脚B级跳跃连接难度动作是长拳竞技武术项目的一个难度动作。通过对该组动作落地技术的动力学及相关稳定性因素的分析,可提出合理的落地技术和训练中需解决的问题。文章采用录像观察与试验分析相结合的方法,针对男、女运动员的腾空与落地的特点,提出相应的解决办法和训练理论。     

锻炼行为和锻炼动机的跨理论研究

基于跨理论模型,采用对587名知识分子问卷调查数据,对不同锻炼行为阶段的人群的锻炼行为和锻炼动机进行了比较分析,结果表明:①处于坚持阶段的锻炼者每次锻炼时间最长、每周锻炼次数最多,行动阶段的锻炼者参与的体育锻炼项目数量最多;②随着锻炼行为阶段向前发展(前意向→意向→行动→坚持),锻炼频率呈现持续递增的趋势;③处于行动阶段的锻炼者锻炼动机最强;④在前意向→意向→行动的变化阶段,锻炼动机都呈现出增强的趋势,但在行动→坚持的变化阶段变化非常小,且有减弱的趋势,锻炼动机对锻炼行为阶段发展的推动作用主要表现在前3个阶段.     

武术套路跳跃中旋风脚及连接难度动作分析

采用录像观察法、实验法、数理统计法,分析武术套路项目中旋风脚B级和C级跳跃难度及连接难度动作的运动学、动力学及生物学特征,发现:旋风脚单脚起跳速度远大于双脚起跳。根据肌电测试结果,旋风脚双脚和单脚起跳的起跳腿肌肉放电强度和时相有所区别,提示:不同的起跳方式应有针对性的辅助练习。     

我国优秀武术运动员腾空摆莲720°技术动作分析与训练方法研究

利用三维图像解析系统对我国优秀武术运动员摆莲720°技术动作进行分析与评价,并针对该技术动作的特点,从训练方法上进行了探讨,旨在揭示其动作过程的运动学特点与规律,建立整个动作的时间、位移、速度等量化指标以及行之有效的训练方法与手段,从而为教学与训练提供客观的理论依据。     

Kicking modality during erratic-dynamic and static condition effects the muscular co-activation of attacker

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of different kicking modality, i.e., erratic-dynamic target (EDT) versus static target (ST) on the performance of the roundhouse kick in two groups of taekwondo athletes of different skill level. Three-dimensional analysis and surface electromyography (SEMG) analysis were performed on 12 (Group A: six sub-elite, Group B: six elite) athletes to investigate muscle co-activation pattern under two conditions, i.e., EDT versus ST. In the results, the muscle recruitment ratio of the agonistic muscles was higher for Group A, whereas Group B had higher recruitment ratio for antagonist muscles. Overall, the co-activation index (CI) of hip joints appeared higher in the extensors for Group A, whereas higher CI was observed in flexor muscles for Group B with comparatively higher CI during EDT condition than ST condition. Higher value of CI was observed in flexor muscles of the knee joints among Group A during EDT conditions, in contrast, higher CI in the extensor muscles was observed among Group B during ST conditions. In conclusion, the study confirmed that erratic-dynamic movements of target could change the movement coordination pattern to maintain the joint stability of participants.     

运动康复产业供给侧结构性改革研究

摘要：为推动体育产业和运动康复产业发展,采用文献资料法、访谈法等研究方法,从健康中国战略和共享发展成果改善民生的角度出发,阐述运动康复产业对推动体育产业发展、促进国民健康、提高人民生活质量的重要性和必要性;从供给侧结构性改革视角,基于运动康复产业现状,对运动康复产业供给侧生产结构要素进行分析;对德国等国外运动康复产业发达国家进行案例分析,归纳总结出其值得我国运动康复产业借鉴和学习的实践经验,结合我国运动康复产业的实际情况,提出我国运动康复产业供给侧结构性改革的实施对策和路径：进一步扩大学历教育和继续教育培养规模,建立和完善运动康复产业专业技术人才培养体系;进一步拓宽健康服务业优惠政策的惠及面,降低税费,建立运动康复产业行业协会和职业认定体系;发挥市场和政府的资源配置作用,完善和创新融资机制;实现祖国传统运动康复技术与现代运动康复技术相融合,建立中国特色运动康复技术体系。     

高等体育教育供给侧结构性改革的发展理念与策略研究

围绕为什么进行高等体育教育供给侧结构性改革,契合"适应和引领新常态发展的重大创新,适应我国新常态发展的必然要求"这一理论问题,从供给侧结构性改革的导向、目标和内容等方面就如何实施高等体育教育的供给侧结构性改革提出发展理念,继而在教育活动主体结构、教育场域结构和教育创新层次结构等方面对高等体育教育的结构性改革进行策略研究,以期有效改善存在于我国高等体育教育中的结构性问题。     

我国体育健身产业研究：“十二五”回顾与“十三五”前瞻

以文献研究、理论分析为主要研究方法,对“十二五”期间我国体育健身产业研究现状进行了回顾,并对“十三五”期间的研究主题进行了瞻望。研究认为,“十二五”期间我国体育健身产业研究既取得了一定的成绩,也存在一些问题,突出表现在研究力度不大、理论借鉴不足、对市场需求关注不够等方面。在此基础上,结合国家政策以及体育健身产业的发展趋势,提出了“十三五”期间的主要研究议题,包括体育健身产业供给侧结构性改革研究、“互联网+”背景下体育健身产业研究、社会资本视角下体育健身企业发展研究以及区域体育健身产业协同发展研究等4个方面。