Exercise does not increase salivary lymphocytes,monocytes, or granulocytes,but does increase salivary lysozyme

An increase in salivary leukocytes may contribute to the exercise-induced increase in salivary antimicrobial proteins (AMPs). However, exercise-induced changes in salivary leukocytes have not been studied. The purpose of the study was to describe salivary leukocyte changes with exercise. Participants (n = 11, 20.3 ± 0.8 years, 57.2 ± 7.6 ml kg^?1 min^?1 peak oxygen uptake ((VO) ?₂peak), 11.1 ± 3.9% body fat) ran for 45 min at 75% of VO_2peak. Stimulated saliva (12 mL) was collected pre- and immediately post exercise. Saliva was filtered through a 30 µm filter before analysis of leukocytes (CD45⁺), granulocytes (CD45⁺CD15⁺), monocytes (CD45⁺CD14⁺), T-cells (CD45⁺CD3⁺), and B-cells (CD45⁺CD20⁺) using flow cytometry. Saliva was analysed for Lysozyme (Lys) using ELISA. Exercise did not alter any leukocyte subset. The major constituent of leukocytes pre-exercise were granulocytes (57.9 ± 30.3% compared with monocytes: 5.1 ± 2.7%, T-cells: 17.1 ± 8.9%, B-cells: 12.1 ± 10.2%) (P < 0.05). In a subset of n = 6, Lys secretion rate increased after exercise (pre: 5,170 ± 5,215 ng/min; post: 7,639 ± 4,140 ng/min) (P < 0.05). Exercise does not result in increased granulocytes, but does increase Lys. Further, these data suggest that an increase in salivary leukocytes is not needed to increase Lys.     

少林易筋经对高血压病患者的干预效应

目的：探讨少林易筋经干预对高血压患者的血压、中医证候与生活质量的影响效应。方法：选择高血压前期及1级原发性未使用抗高血压药物的高血压患者60名,随机分为实验组和对照组进行实验。结果：12周实验后实验组及对照组血压变化呈显著性差异;实验过程中,受试组较对照组血压变化明显。实验前实验组与对照组中医证候得分无显著性差异,实验后差异显著;通过尼莫地平法得出实验组疗效指数为-64.87%,对照组为-31.94%,实验组疗效指数接近显效。经过12周少林易筋经干预,实验组实验后在WHOQOL-BREF各领域较实验前均有明显改善。结论：12周少林易筋经干预对高血压前期及1级原发性高血压具有明显的降压效果,可改善习练者生存质量、健康状况、社会关系等内容,对受试者高血压中医证候具有明显改善,是治疗初期高血压患者的有效途径之一。     

Effect of Metformin on Hormonal and Biochemical Profile in PCOS Before and After Therapy

Insulin resistance and the resultant hyperinsulinemia exacerbate the reproductive abnormalities of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome by increasing ovarian androgen productions and decreasing serum sex hormone binding globulin. The present study was conducted to estimate serum insulin and testosterone level in 44 PCOS cases and 32 control patients. Simultaneously the role of metformin (an insulin sensitizing agent) in modulating insulin resistance and serum androgen level was also analyzed. A significant rise in serum insulin and testosterone (P < 0.001) was observed in cases in comparison to control. Fasting Plasma Glucose to insulin ratio, a marker of insulin resistance revealed a significant fall in PCOS group. Follow up of cases with metformin for 3 months revealed a significant fall in serum insulin (P < 0.05) with improvement in insulin resistance along with a nonsignificant fall in testosterone level. Serum insulin registered a significant positive correlation (P < 0.05) with serum testosterone revealing its etiological association. Thus administration of drugs ameliorating insulin levels is expected to provide new therapeutic modality for PCOS.     

PBL在内科学内分泌及代谢疾病教学中的应用

以问题为基础,以学生为中心的PBL（Problem-based learning,问题教学法）教学模式给教学双方都带来新的挑战。本文总结PBL教学方法在内科学内分泌及代谢疾病教学中的应用。PBL教学可针对不同的教学目的设计问题、在课堂的不同时段提问、采用不同的提问方式,激发学生的探究心理,促使学生的自主学习与互动学习相结合,有助于培养高素质的医学生。     

颈椎综合征及中医治疗

通过对颈椎综合征的含义、发病原因、临床分型等方面进行探讨,认为本病是一种涉及广泛、临床症状繁杂的常见病、多发病,且多见于中老年人,对100例颈椎综合征的病人采用牵引、手法按摩、中药及自我导引等综合疗法,其疗效较为满意、本法由于操作简便、疗效确切而便于临床推广使用.     

慢性疲劳综合症的诊断与治疗

慢性疲劳综合症是21世纪威胁人类健康的重大问题,发生率呈逐年增加的趋势。介绍了慢性疲劳综合症的概念与表现、机制及诊断方面的研究进展,并就运动治疗方法的积极影响作了概述。     

Do resource bases enable social inclusion of students with Asperger syndrome in a mainstream secondary school?

This research identifies the way in which one secondary school with a resourced provision for students with Asperger syndrome promotes social inclusion for them, and the perceptions of staff members and parents on the social experience of schooling for these children. Interviews were conducted with five teachers, two learning support assistants, and the head of the resourced provision. Questionnaires were completed by eight parents of students with Asperger syndrome who attend the provision. The research found that a positive social experience of schooling was perceived by members of staff and parents due to the additional support of the resource in teaching social skills, providing a safe place and support from the learning support assistants. Some negative perceptions of social experience were also reported, which highlighted the need for educational provision for students on the autism spectrum to be considered at an individual level.     

代谢综合征与大学生体质现状的相关性研究

代谢综合征是一组以中心性肥胖、高血压、糖代谢及血脂异常等为主要临床表现的症候群。近年来,代谢综合征的发生人群已从中老年转向低龄人群,特别是大学生更值得我们关注。从公共卫生学的角度看,肥胖和运动量不足所引发的体质下降是当前代谢综合征发病迅速增多的主要影响因素。然而,国内对于代谢综合征与体质的相关性研究还鲜有报道。通过测量、数理统计等方法对1 600名在校大学生进行身体素质、形态、机能及血液生化检测。结果得出,无论男、女,代谢综合征组大学生的除身体形态之外,身体机能和身体素质均低于无代谢综合征组,而男大学生的代谢综合征检出率要明显高于女大学生。提示,处于青春期后期的男生是易发代谢综合征的高危人群。     

不同技术水平练习者太极拳运动过程中的心肺和代谢反应

摘 要：为了研究太极拳练习者不同技能水平对人体生理反应的影响。调查和比较了10个高水平太极拳运动员和10个普通水平太极拳练习者在简化24式太极拳练习期间的生理参数。在太极拳练习中发现高水平组在能量消耗、心率、摄氧量和潮气量上明显高于普通组。另外,高水平组在吸气时间上明显低于普通组。结果表明,技能水平对太极拳练习中的心肺和代谢反应有相当大的影响。不同水平的太极拳练习者,可能有不同的练习方式,这种练习方式上的差异被认为是导致两组反应差异的原因。     

Post-primary school teachers’ knowledge and understanding of autism spectrum disorders

Current national policy in the Republic of Ireland advocates for the inclusion of students with learning difficulties in mainstream schools. With Asperger’s syndrome (AS) specifically, it is essential that teachers understand the syndrome and are well versed in appropriate approaches to effectively create an inclusive environment for these students in the mainstream classroom. This paper explores teacher knowledge and understanding of AS while also exploring what affects their confidence in educating students diagnosed with the syndrome. Data collection pre-dated changes to the DSM-V and as such AS is used throughout this paper. A survey was distributed nationally to a random sample of qualified post-primary school teachers. The findings revealed that teachers did not appear to possess an adequate level of knowledge and understanding in relation to the syndrome. Continued professional development programmes in the area appeared to have minimal effect, with those completing programmes scoring only marginally better than those who did not (2.85%). These findings are of concern if these teachers are then expected to foster an inclusive environment, particularly when a high proportion of teachers have previously taught a student diagnosed with the syndrome and their knowledge remains limited.