有效专利失效速率测度方法研究

在总结有效专利统计分析方法的基础上,针对专利存量理论和专利法律状态信息更新特征,设计跟踪式有效专利存量比率计算模型。在此基础上,进一步利用负指数函数提出用以表征有效专利失效速率的专利失效系数。针对国内某科研机构开展的实证分析结果显示：所构建的跟踪式有效专利存量比率计算模型和专利失效系数能够较好地反映机构的有效专利动态发展特征,可作为开展有效专利分析的重要手段。最后,对该模型与指标的应用前景进行讨论。     

企业竞争力评价方法国内外研究综述

目前国内外有关于竞争力的研究从方法上可以分为理论研究和应用研究两大类;在具体内容上,可归为四类:国家竞争力评价体系中的企业管理国际竞争力要素,企业绩效评价指标体系,企业竞争力评价指标体系以及企业国际竞争力评价指标体系。本文对国内外涉及企业国际竞争力评价指标体系的文献进行了综述,并就相关研究的特征及其不足进行了比较分析,同时提出了构建一个能够全面、准确、真实地反映企业国际竞争力的指标体系所应该考虑的因素。     

网络弹性工程框架及度量方法研究

网络已成为人们生活乃至国家运行中不可缺少的重要组成部分,网络的安全稳定运行已成为国家安全和经济安全的重要保证。然而随着网络规模的不断扩大和技术的飞速发展,其面临的威胁也在不断增长,人们越来越认识到需要具有弹性的网络,使系统能够预测、抵挡攻击,从对手成功的攻击中恢复,并进行改进和完善。本文首先给出了网络弹性及网络弹性工程的概念,接着介绍了MITRE[1]的网络弹性工程框架和度量方法,最后对我国的网络弹性工作提出了看法。     

A bias–variance evaluation framework for information retrieval systems

In information retrieval (IR), the improvement of the effectiveness often sacrifices the stability of an IR system. To evaluate the stability, many risk-sensitive metrics have been proposed. Since the theoretical limitations, the current works study the effectiveness and stability separately, and have not explored the effectiveness–stability tradeoff. In this paper, we propose a Bias–Variance Tradeoff Evaluation (BV-Test) framework, based on the bias–variance decomposition of the mean squared error, to measure the overall performance (considering both effectiveness and stability) and the tradeoff between effectiveness and stability of a system. In this framework, we define generalized bias–variance metrics, based on the Cranfield-style experiment set-up where the document collection is fixed (across topics) or the set-up where document collection is a sample (per-topic). Compared with risk-sensitive evaluation methods, our work not only measures the effectiveness–stability tradeoff of a system, but also effectively tracks the source of system instability. Experiments on TREC Ad-hoc track (1993–1999) and Web track (2010–2014) show a clear effectiveness–stability tradeoff across topics and per-topic, and topic grouping and max–min normalization can effectively reduce the bias–variance tradeoff. Experimental results on TREC Session track (2010–2012) also show that the query reformulation and increase of user data are beneficial to both effectiveness and stability simultaneously.     

闻一多新诗实践得失刍议

闻一多是现代新诗史上具有转折性意义的大诗人。他的早期诗歌具有强烈的唯美主义色彩,后以唯美主义接纳象征主义。“格律”实验对匡正白话诗流弊有一定积极作用,但是过度地局限住语言的形式领域内。他的诗歌实践能在中西文化的广大视域中展开,但是保守的民族心态在一定程度上限制了他向现代性的掘进。闻一多新诗实践的成就与不足留给我们深远的启示。