A new global policy regime founded on invalid statistics? Hanushek,Woessmann, PISA,and economic growth

Several recent, highly influential comparative studies have made strong statistical claims that improvements on global learning assessments such as PISA will lead to higher GDP growth rates. These claims have provided the primary source of legitimation for policy reforms championed by leading international organisations, most notably the World Bank and OECD. To date there have been several critiques but these have been too limited to challenge the validity of the claims. The consequence is continued utilisation and citation of these strong claims, resulting in a growing aura of scientific truth and concrete policy reforms. In this piece we report findings from two original studies that invalidate these statistical claims. Our intent is to contribute to a more rigorous global discussion on education policy, as well as call attention to the fact that the new global policy regime is founded on flawed statistics.     

Self-tracking and metric codification in digital infrastructures for scholarly communication

Abstract

We argue that the stakes of scholarly communication are changing as a result of technology-enabled ability to self-track and the enhanced provision and proliferation of instant metrics. These developments accentuate the role of the individual, and conversely underplay the collective effort, in the advancement of knowledge by focusing attention on metrics centered on the individual, professional performance, and communication directed at oneself. We suggest – in line with previous research – that metrics play an increasingly important role in configuring the scholarly communication system. But we also stress, unlike previous research, that metrics are embedded in larger communication contexts, or systems, that are already codified and ordered. Hence the discursive value ascribed to metrics must take into account these contexts. This has at least two benefits. One, we do not reduce scholarly communication to an issue of metrics and rewards, like scientometric studies and contemporary notions of the so-called quantified academic self, and two, a communication framework allows us to see new sorts of conversations going on and new modes of togetherness enabled alongside the digital nurturing of metric regimes.     

科技评价中不同权重赋值方法的比较研究：以中国医院科技量值为例

探讨医院科技评价中评价指标权重的确定方法,比较主客观赋权法对评价结果的影响。基于以层次分析法确定指标权重的中国医院科技量值指标体系,选取《2018年度中国医院综合科技量值报告》中综合科技量值前100位医院的指标数据,分别采用熵值法、CRITIC法、独立性法、信息量法计算指标权重,通过加权计算得到这4种方法的评价结果,与采用层次分析法确定权重的中国医院科技量值结果进行比较。结果表明:(1)100家医院研究指标的信度系数值为0.883,数据信度质量高;(2)4种客观赋权法权重之间的相关系数值呈现出显著性;(3)采用层次分析法与4种客观赋权法计算得到的科技量值之间的相关系数值分别是0.920、0.984、0.992、0.976,全部呈现出正相关关系。研究验证了中国医院科技量值的主、客观评价结果,并提出客观赋权评价方法的选取要注意根据评价目的、管理需求及评价数据实际进行系统比较后选取。     

Altmetrics对图书馆服务的影响研究

文章介绍了Altmetrics的起源、特征、典型应用平台,重点阐述了Altmetrics为图书馆在馆藏建设、读者个性化信息、管理决策方面带来的机遇,提出了图书馆在Altmetrics时代通过技术环境、资源建设、情报服务、用户体验4个方面提升服务的策略,最后对Altmetrics的未来应用做出展望。     

基于Credit Metrics模型的CDS定价研究

信用违约互换(Credit Default Swaps,CDS)作为当今国际上最流行的的信用衍生工具,被广泛应用于商业银行的信用风险管理中。Credit Metrics模型被广泛运用于度量信用风险的大小,在应用Credit Metrics模型计算商业银行贷款的VaR基础上探讨CDS的定价问题。以单笔贷款为例来说明该模型探讨CDS定价实际运用过程,对我国商业银行信用风险管理的提高有一定指导作用。     

我国企业营销绩效评价指标体系构建的实证研究

本文分析了我国企业营销绩效评价的现状及存在的问题，并通过实证研究和借鉴国际上营销绩效评价指标的构建模型与经验，提出了一套适合国内企业的、与国际接轨的营销绩效评价指标体系，对于国内企业进行营销绩效评价，以及有关机构进行企业评价与监督具有一定的指导意义和应用价值。     

On rank-based effectiveness measures and optimization

Many current retrieval models and scoring functions contain free parameters which need to be set—ideally, optimized. The process of optimization normally involves some training corpus of the usual document-query-relevance judgement type, and some choice of measure that is to be optimized. The paper proposes a way to think about the process of exploring the space of parameter values, and how moving around in this space might be expected to affect different measures. One result, concerning local optima, is demonstrated for a range of rank-based evaluation measures.

大学排行的科学与文化——再谈大学排行榜的认识与误区

世界上第一个大学排行榜是由美国的《美国新闻与世界报道》于1983年首创的.其实我国也有第一个大学排行榜,那是中国管理科学研究院科学学研究所于1987年首创的.大学排行榜在美国始于市场,而中国始于科学;在西方责难表现为学术批评,在中国则往往表现为道德审判.大学排行榜之未来:1％研究型大学,主要采用科学计量学指标;99％非研究型大学,主要采用教育计量学和经济计量学指标.     

Journals on Information Literacy: Citation Analysis and Social Impact Metrics

ABSTRACT

Library and information science as a discipline is undergoing rapid and extensive change, driven particularly by new areas of research. Citation analysis and information literacy are widely researched and have a rich background of growth. Publish or Perish, Buzzsumo.com, altmetrics.com, and textalyser.net have been used to analyze all metrics associated with citation analysis, social networking, and keyword analysis.

The hypothesis of this study is: “There is no significant difference in the citation pattern of the three prominent citation journals: Journal of Information Literacy, Communications in Information Literacy and Nordic Journal of Information Literacy in Higher Education”.

The hypotheses of the study were tested by assessment of the degree to which each of the journals met set of objective criteria. 697 papers from the three journals were analyzed and the results showed that the citation metrics of the Journal of Information Literacy had the highest correspondence with the criteria. The information linked to the Journals of Information Literacy was moderately posted on social networking sites (SNS) and the highest frequency of the keywords: “Information”; “Information literacy”; and “Information literacy instruction” were found in one, two and three-word searches. Some recommendations have also been offered to improve SNS presence and for further research in this field.     

关于当今诗词创作的几点芹见

当今传统诗词创作方兴未艾，出现了持续的“中华诗词热”。但尚有美中不足之处，主要有：在类型方面绝大部分集中在抒情诗和写景状物诗，而少有叙事诗和说理诗；在体制方面仅以律诗、绝句、词为基本样式，远不如古代诗歌体制的丰富：在诗歌的格律方面过于看重一字一句的标准格式，并仍以沿用脱离当今普通话语音的旧诗韵为尚。这些偏向不利于当今诗词创作的进一步繁荣．应予改进。