《中国图书馆学报》(1994-2005年)核心著者的测评

依据发文量和被引量两个计量指标，利用综合指数法测评《中国图书馆学报》（1994-2005年）的核心著者。     

我国图书馆发展模式浅议

通过数字图书馆与传统图书馆的对比分析，指出21世纪我国图书馆发展模式是复合图书馆．     

欣赏性评价:综合素质评价的方法论选择

欣赏性评价是发现并欣赏学生特质与优势的评价。它不以先在指标体系来评价学生,而是以学生实际具备的素质为基础来建构评价指标与标准,是属于真实性评价、个性化评价和优势评价的范畴。作为评价方法论,它与综合素质评价在评价内容、方式等方面的要求上具有内在的一致性。依据欣赏性评价的思想,综合素质应该采取"评语评价"的方式。具体而言,可采取如下评价思路:注重学生的自我评价,以找准学生的优势素质;实行多元评价,提供结构性确证;采取表现性评价,提供参照性适切。     

谁来评价高中综合素质?——基于利益相关者的分析

从利益相关者的视角来看,综合素质评价结果一旦与学生、教师和高中学校的利益高度相关,那么由这些利益高度相关的主体来进行评价时,由于受到"理性经济人"自利性的制约,利益高相关主体极有可能因自身利益的最大化并最终导致评价结果的失真。评价结果的客观性取决于"评价什么",更取决于"谁来评价",甚至可以说,"谁来评价"会直接影响着"评价什么"。而就综合素质评价的实施来看,学生更多的是综合素质评价材料的记录主体,高中学校(包括行政管理人员和教师等)更多的是综合素质评价材料真实性的监督主体,而高校才是最终、最佳的综合素质评价主体。     

趋同抑或求异:英国高等教育质量保障的过去与未来

博洛尼亚进程有力推动了欧洲高等教育一体化,英国积极参与欧洲高等教育区建设,在质量保障方面与其保持高度一致,促进了欧洲高等教育的趋同发展。本文通过历史分析发现,英国高等教育质量保障系统包含科研评估、教学评估和机构审核,兼具质量改进与问责的双重功能,且表现出竞争导向、风险为本的市场问责发展趋势。在脱欧背景下,英格兰新成立的学生办公室也是高等教育国家干预与市场问责的进一步结合,并非英国的"求异"发展。英国乃至欧洲高等教育区的质量保障机制面临着机构多样性与标准相似性的张力,并将受到消费者"众口难调"质量观的挑战。     

国家安全之外的《国防教育法》——20世纪中期美国教育改革起源的再审视

1958年颁布的《国防教育法》对认识二战后美国的教育变革有重要意义。但长期以来研究者都视其为对"苏联卫星事件"的回应,是冷战时期国防政策的重要内容。笔者通过对文献的重新发掘与分析,指出两者之间不存在必然联系,这场教育改革不是"刺激-反应"模式的产物;此外,该法案立法过程中的焦点问题是对联邦政府干预教育权限的再讨论;法案通过后,在宣誓政治忠诚和学术自由问题上也受到广泛批评。国家安全不能概括法案的全部,至于联邦政府如何干预教育,以法案为代表的每一次讨论本身就是答案。     

Supportive communication from bystanders of cyberbullying: indirect effects and interactions between source and message characteristics

Cyberbullying is an increasingly common experience that produces psychosocial consequences for targets. Interventions encouraging bystanders to support targets of cyberbullying are limited by a lack of focus on what to communicate. This study considers supportive messages that emphasize emotional comfort, attributions of responsibility, and beliefs that people can change as relevant to this context, and it examines how perceptions of messages differ based on whether support providers have or lack experience with cyberbullying. We extend research on the indirect effects model of supportive communication by randomly assigning participants (N?=?304), who self-identify as targets of cyberbullying, to message and source conditions and assessing their perceptions of messages, providers, and outcomes. Impressions of messages mediate their influence on outcomes, and the experiential similarity of support providers moderates these effects. Certain messages, notably those contending that bullies can change, are less effective when delivered by sources who lack experience with bullying.     

利用废旧仪器设置开放实验室的设想

就师范院校实验室报废、淘汰的仪器设备的处置,提出了一个设想:设置一个"开放"的实验室,进一步培养、提高师专理科学生的动脑动手能力和综合素质.     

Elementary school children’s understanding of science: The implementation of an extracurricular science intervention

The promotion of students’ achievement and competence in the so-called STEM disciplines is one cornerstone of current educational research and practice. In particular, as early as elementary school, the fostering of an adequate understanding of science is a normative goal of science education. It facilitates students’ science learning and enables them to understand the nature and development of scientific knowledge. Based on the relevance of the promotion of young children’s understanding of science, a corresponding science intervention was recently developed and successfully evaluated in a first study under highly controlled conditions. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of this intervention when implemented in practice. One hundred seventeen third- and fourth-grade students and 10 trained course instructors participated in this study. We applied a randomized block design with waitlist control groups and repeated measures. The results revealed that children assigned to the intervention compared with children assigned to the waitlist control group showed better inquiry-related methodological competencies (a better understanding of the scientific inquiry cycle and experimentation strategies) and a higher need for cognition. The findings point to the successful implementation of the intervention and are compared with the results of the first study.     

Community sport and social inclusion: international perspectives

Abstract

This opening article examines the relationship between community sport and social inclusion in research and practice. We discuss the notion of community sport, its multifarious meanings and diverse applications in different parts of the world. We further explore the conceptual and practical links between community sport and different conceptions of social inclusion. In doing so, the article draws together key themes, issues and debates addressed in the collection of articles in this special issue. We conclude by formulating implications and directions for future research and practice.