在有机化学教学中如何让学生掌握有效的学习方法

有机化合物知识是中学化学课程的重要组成部分。由于有机物结构组成复杂,反应繁多。所以在教学中,教师应指导学生正确理解有机化学中的一些基本概念和几种重要的有机化学反应的含义。尤其要从概念的差别和结构的不同,探讨有机化学的有效学习方法。     

共轭亚油酸结合运动对青春期肥胖大鼠减肥效果及肝肾功能的影响

目的：探讨共轭亚油酸结合不同运动强度对青春期肥胖大鼠减肥效果及肝肾功能的影响.方法：取建模成功后的雄性SD肥胖倾向大鼠30只,每组6只,随机分为5组,分为：OC、OCC、OLC、OMC、OHC,经8周干预后,测麻醉后体重、体脂肪、体脂百分比、肝肾功能等相关指标.结果：（1）肥胖指标：OLC、OMC、OHC与OC、OCC的麻醉后体重、体脂肪以及体脂百分比相比降低（P＜0.05、P＜0.01）.（2）肝功能指标：血浆白蛋白值OMC与OCC相比明显增加（P＜0.01）;球蛋白值OMC与OC、OCC相比增加（P＜0.05、P＜0.01）.OCC组与其它组别的谷草转氨酶值相比明显下降（P＜0.01）; OHC组与其它组别的总胆红素值相比增加（P＜0.05）.（3）肾功能指标：血肌酐和血尿素氮各组间无显著性差异（P＞0.05）.结论：CLA结合运动具有良好的减肥作用.不同运动强度结合CLA干预后,高强度运动减肥效果最明显,中强度运动增加大鼠血浆相关蛋白,高强度运动增加总胆红素的量.CLA结合不同运动强度对大鼠肾功能的相关指标没有产生影响.     

有机化学实验教学改革的探索与实践

我校根据有机化学实验教学中存在的不足,对有机化学实验教学内容、教学方法、成绩评定体系进行了改革,充分调动了学生的学习积极性,提高了学生的综合素质和创新能力,取得了良好的教学效果。     

Probing transient protein-mediated DNA linkages using nanoconfinement

We present an analytic technique for probing protein-catalyzed transient DNA loops that is based on nanofluidic channels. In these nanochannels, DNA is forced in a linear configuration that makes loops appear as folds whose size can easily be quantified. Using this technique, we study the interaction between T4 DNA ligase and DNA. We find that T4 DNA ligase binding changes the physical characteristics of the DNA polymer, in particular persistence length and effective width. We find that the rate of DNA fold unrolling is significantly reduced when T4 DNA ligase and ATP are applied to bare DNA. Together with evidence of T4 DNA ligase bridging two different segments of DNA based on AFM imaging, we thus conclude that ligase can transiently stabilize folded DNA configurations by coordinating genetically distant DNA stretches.     

Approaching 18% efficiency of ternary organic photovoltaics with wide bandgap polymer donor and well compatible Y6 : Y6-1O as acceptor

A series of ternary organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are fabricated with one wide bandgap polymer D18-Cl as donor, and well compatible Y6 and Y6-1O as acceptor. The open-circuit-voltage (V_OC) of ternary OPVs is monotonously increased along with the incorporation of Y6-1O, indicating that the alloy state should be formed between Y6 and Y6-1O due to their excellent compatibility. The energy loss can be minimized by incorporating Y6-1O, leading to the V_OC improvement of ternary OPVs. By finely adjusting the Y6-1O content, a power conversion efficiency of 17.91% is achieved in the optimal ternary OPVs with 30 wt% Y6-1O in acceptors, resulting from synchronously improved short-circuit-current density (J_SC) of 25.87 mA cm⁻², fill factor (FF) of 76.92% and V_OC of 0.900 V in comparison with those of D18-Cl : Y6 binary OPVs. The J_SC and FF improvement of ternary OPVs should be ascribed to comprehensively optimal photon harvesting, exciton dissociation and charge transport in ternary active layers. The more efficient charge separation and transport process in ternary active layers can be confirmed by the magneto-photocurrent and impedance spectroscopy experimental results, respectively. This work provides new insight into constructing highly efficient ternary OPVs with well compatible Y6 and its derivative as acceptor.     

Influence of temperature fluctuation on thermophilic anaerobic digestion of municipal organic solid waste

INTRODUCTION The use of anaerobic process to treat municipal organic solid waste (MOSW) has dramatically in-creased recently. Anaerobic digestion can be carried out under ambient (<25 °C), mesophilic (25~45 °C) and thermophilic (>45 °C) conditions (El-Mashad et al., 2004). Thermophilic digestion has many advan-tages such as higher metabolic rate and higher con-sequent specific growth rate compared with meso-philic digestion, although the thermophilic bacteria death rate is higher (…     

知识工作者个体能力整体维度框架研究与实证分析

从能力观的角度出发,本文提出了由五能力元素组成的知识工作者个体能力整体维度框架。并以此为基础,通过实证研究,比较了各能力元素对管理类知识工作者和技术类知识工作者相对重要性的差异,证实了知识工作者能力的有机性。并提出了一个知识工作者能力的整体框架,为企业有针对性评审、管理和提高知识工作者能力提供有益指导性框架。     

农产品供应链区块链技术采纳决策研究

基于区块链采用成本的考虑，构建电商平台主导、农企跟随的两阶段博弈模型，通过对比区块链技术应用前后批发价、零售价等决策变量以及农企和电商平台的利润变化，探究采纳区块链技术对批发价、零售价的影响，并找到在采用区块链技术情况下电商平台和农企均受益的路径。研究表明，电商平台采纳区块链技术会导致农企提升批发价，产品零售价也随之增加，同时产品需求量也增大；然而，采纳区块链技术的电商平台和农企却并不一定能实现双赢，只有满足农企学习效率为高水平或农企学习效率和电商平台的追溯效率均为低水平时，采纳区块链技术可使农企和电商平台共同受益；反之，采纳区块链技术只能使电商平台受益。因此，农企应根据自身学习效率的高低理智地作出相应决策。     

科技期刊编辑执业中的刑事风险及其防范

在科技期刊论文发表的过程中,期刊编辑具有一定的决策权.如果编辑缺乏足够的外在约束与内在自律,则可能会做出失范行为,并随之可能产生刑事风险,尤其是腐败犯罪风险.以"个案-规范"范式对科技期刊编辑的刑事风险进行归纳、分析,可以管窥风险的来源:一些科技期刊编辑的法律红线意识淡薄,而相应的监管体系却较为松散.为防范刑事风险,实...