E-prints预印本数据库的自组织同行评议模式设计

经历21世纪前十年快速发展后,OA期刊与预印本数据库发展遭遇瓶颈,最主要原因是OA期刊与预印本数据库至今未能构建一套评议效度不低于传统同行评议模式、适应开放存取环境的新型同行评议模式。本文提出一种预印本数据库环境下,不需要传统编辑介入与期刊载体、由预印本系统按照客观规则与算法推动同行评议活动持续进行、"人人评我、我评人人"的自组织同行评议模式。将自组织同行评议模式与现有代表性同行评议模式进行了比较。预印本数据库下的自组织同行评议模式能够很大程度上消除传统同行评议模式以及我国学术出版与学术评价中存在的诸多弊端,具有范式变革的理论价值以及为构建我国国家级预印本数据库提供决策参考的实践价值。     

知乎问答社区回答者知识贡献行为受同伴效应影响研究

社会化问答社区的出现改变了原有的问答模式并拓展了知识获取的途径。回答者作为知识的主要贡献者,是促进问答社区内知识传递的核心要素。现有关于问答社区用户的研究普遍以用户的属性数据为依据,较少考虑使用个体连接所形成的关系数据进行分析。本文以中文问答社区"知乎"为研究对象,爬取了"流行音乐"和"英语学习"两个话题下的大规模数据,通过构建回答者关注关系网络,定义和量化直接连接和间接连接两类同伴关系,使用网络自回归模型探究同伴效应对知识贡献行为的影响。研究发现,回答者的知识贡献行为会受到直接和间接连接同伴效应的正向影响,但是间接连接同伴效应会随着回答者网络密度的增加而逐渐减弱甚至消失,聚类系数对回答者的知识贡献行为有负向影响。     

科技期刊在线审稿系统应用中的问题及对策

为缩短审稿时间,降低出版时滞,许多科技期刊编辑部相继建立了在线审稿系统.分析科技期刊在线审稿系统应用中存在的问题,并提出对策.     

融合环境中的同伴支持:一个未被利用的资源

在融合教育日益成为一种发展趋势的今天,如何让更多的残障学生在普教课堂中得到多种多样的支持与帮助,是我们必须面对和解决的问题。在融合环境中,全班配对同伴指导、同伴辅助式学习策略、跨年龄指导计划、高年级同伴指导、同伴指导课程和合作课堂等,被证明是较为有效的同伴支持策略和方法。通过融合环境中的同伴支持,建立一个所有人都能得到重视与尊重的社会,才能真正实现教育公平。同时,残障学生与健全学生都可在合作与支持的融合过程中,寻得彼此的受益点。     

Learning while playing: Children's Forest School experiences in the UK

Children's outdoor play is declining, despite clear links between play, learning and development. Alternative learning initiatives which provide children with a diversity of play opportunities, including the chance to play outdoors, are therefore needed. One such programme, Forest School, is increasing in popularity in the UK and internationally, yet little is understood about its impact on children's learning, or how alternative approaches are informing learning in mainstream settings. This novel study examined primary school children's experiences of engaging in a Forest School programme in relation to this intersection between formal and informal approaches to learning. It explored how children interpret their experiences when faced with a fusion of learning environments and critically evaluates the benefits children realise, when asked to reflect on their learning engagement in both classroom and outdoor settings. Interviews were conducted with 33 children from two mainstream primary schools in England who had recently completed a 6-week Forest School programme. A rigorous phenomenological thematic analysis revealed three inter-related themes: a break from routine; learning through play; collaboration and teamwork. The findings suggest that the blending of Forest School with mainstream settings contributes to children's social, cognitive, emotional and physical skill development through experiential learning using play. These findings are significant because they not only emphasise the values of social constructivist play-pedagogy which underpin Forest School practice, but also highlight the need for primary schools to consider learning outside of the classroom as an effective pedagogy.     

同伴评估的理论基础和现实基础的研究

近年来,同伴评估在我国第二语言教学的领域里逐步渗透,已经出现很多在口语和写作方面的研究报告。其中,多数研究的方向为同伴评估的可行性分析。但是对于同伴评估在英语教学方面的理论基础与现实基础是否能够在一定程度上融合鲜有研究分析。中国教育体制下的课堂有其自身的特点,在国外已认可的同伴评估的方式,是否适合中国的学生、中国的教育模式有待进一步探讨。     

国家重点实验室科研成果的同行评议创新模式

在当前我国开展科技评价体制改革的背景下,对现行的国家重点实验室科研成果的同行评议制度进行分析,揭示当前我国国家重点实验室科研成果的同行评议现状和问题。结合当前同行评议模式的不足,顺应国家对优化科技评价体制的要求,提出一套基于科研生态系统视角的国家重点实验室科研成果同行评议创新模式。新的评价模式从科研活动系统出发考虑科研机构的投入,产出及科研环境等要素,以科研产出的学术创新度和贡献度为导向,对科研成果进行系统评价。评议结果更加客观完整,符合科研活动的客观规律。有利于构建良好的,可持续发展的科研生态。     

基于创业板上市动机的专利质量研究

[目的/意义]创新性是创业板企业的根本属性之一,专利能够较好地向外界传递企业创新情报信号。研究上市前发行人专利申请行为对提升专利质量和完善创业板专利披露制度具有较大的现实意义。[方法/过程]使用合享价值度作为专利质量的代理变量,运用OLS回归方法,以我国创业板2009-2018年间上市公司专利数据为样本,对创业板上市前的专利质量进行分组实证检验。[结果/结论]研究表明,创业板企业上市前专利质量明显下降,在没有产业政策支持、市场化程度较低以及同年上市公司数量较少情况下,专利质量降低幅度更为显著。     

Keep calm and carry on: moral panic,predatory publishers,peer review,and the emperor's new clothes

The moral panic over the impact of so-called predatory publishers continues unabated. It is important, however, to resist the urge to simply join in this crusade without pausing to examine the assumptions upon which such concerns are based. It is often assumed that established journals are almost sacrosanct, and that their quality, secured by peer review, is established. It is also routinely presumed that such journals are immune to the lure of easy money in return for publication. Rather than looking at the deficits that may be apparent in the practices and products of predatory publishers, this commentary invites you to explore the weaknesses that have been exposed in traditional academic journals but are seldom discussed in the context of predatory publishing. The inherent message for health and medical services staff, researchers, academics, and students is, as always, to critically evaluate all sources of information, whatever their provenance.