监管主体与对位罚则——电子竞技场域中假赛惩处的机制建构研究

在电子竞技的综合影响力和关注度逐年增高的背景下,频频发生的假赛事件也给电子竞技场域带来了难以估量的负面影响;而构建周全且高效的电竞假赛惩处机制即是整顿赛事环境、改善竞赛风气的当务之急。目前,电竞假赛的监管主体呈现出多元分立的局面：在实然主体方面,电竞俱乐部对应的是"初步"罚则,并以单方解除合同为主要措施;游戏厂商、联盟对应的是"核心"罚则,并以禁赛和禁止关联行为等为主要措施;在应然主体方面,电竞协会难以行使实质意义上的处罚权;而国家机关对应的则是"校正"罚则,即有必要通过行政处罚和刑罚来对现有机制加以补充或补强,从而借助惩处力度的强化来还电竞赛场一方净土。     

Damage identification in beam-type structures using pseudo strain energy density and grey relation coefficient

Based on pseudo strain energy density （PSED） and grey relation coefficient （GRC）, an index is proposed to locate the damage of beam-type structures in time-domain. The genetic algorithm （GA） is utilized to identify the structural damage severity of confirmed damaged locations. Furthermore, a systematic damage identification program based on GA is developed on MATLAB platform. ANSYS is employed to conduct the finite element analysis of com- plicated civil engineering structures, which is embedded with interface technique. The two-step damage identification is verified by a finite element model of Xinxingtang Highway Bridge and a laboratory beam model based on polyvi- nylidens fluoride （PVDF）. The bridge model was constructed with 57 girder segments, and simulated with 58 meas- urement points. The damaged segments were located accurately by GRC index regardless of damage extents and noise levels. With stiffness reduction factors of detected segments as variables, the GA program evolved for 150 generations in 6 h and identified the damage extent with the maximum errors of 1% and 3% corresponding to the noise to signal ratios of 0 and 5%, respectively. In contrast, the common GA-based method without using GRC index evolved for 600 generations in 24 h, but failed to obtain satisfactory results. In the laboratory test, PVDF patches were used as dynamic strain sensors, and the damage locations were identified due to the fact that GRC indexes of points near damaged ele- ments were smaller than 0.6 while those of others were larger than 0.6. The GA-based damage quantification was also consistent with the value of crack depth in the beam model.     

Thin film chip resistors with high resistance and low temperature coefficient of resistance

High resistance thin film chip resistors(0603 type) were studied,and the specifications are as follows:1 k? with tolerance about ±0.1% after laser trimming and temperature coefficient of resistance(TCR) less than ±15×10-6/℃.Cr-Si-Ta-Al films were prepared with Ar flow rate and sputtering power fixed at 20 standard-state cubic centimeter per minute(sccm) and 100 W,respectively.The experiment shows that the electrical properties of Cr-SiTa-Al deposition films can meet the specification requirements of 0603 type thin film chip resistors when the deposition time was about 11 min and deposition films were annealed at 500 ℃ for 120 min.The morphologies of Cr-Si-TaAl film surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The analysis suggests that Ta and Al may be distributed in CrSi2 film with mixed form of several structures(e.g.,bridge-like,capillary-like or island-like structures),and such a structure distribution is responsible for high film resistance and low TCR of Cr-Si-Ta-Al film.     

橡胶拉西环流体力学和传质性能及废旧橡胶管的利用

主要研究废旧橡胶管制成的拉西环填料在吸收塔中的流体力学性能和氨在空气-水系统中的传质性能。测定了填料的几何尺寸、空隙率、比表面积、堆积个数、堆积密度、干填料因子等几何特性数据。通过测定干、湿填料的流体力学性能,得到了该填料在塔中的压强降Δp/z与空塔气速v的对应关系。通过水吸收氨的过程,在水流量0~60 L/h、空气流量0~7.0 m3/h、氨流量0~280 L/h下,进气浓度4%(体积),塔径为68 mm,测定它的气相总体积吸收系数K分别与气体流量和液体喷淋量的关系。研究结果表明,橡胶填料质量轻、价廉、耐腐蚀、不易破碎,特别适用于气流不稳定或液泛、流态化下使用。     

测量玻璃热膨胀系数和折射率温度系数实验

为了测量玻璃热膨胀系数和折射率温度系数,设计了基于水平光路的玻璃热膨胀系数和折射率温度系数的测量方法。运用光束在玻璃样品中发生干涉的原理,用自然降温法进行测量。实验得到干涉光斑的条纹移动数与温度呈线性关系,通过拟合实验曲线的斜率,即可计算该玻璃样品的热膨胀系数和折射率温度系数。该实验装置结构简单、调节方便、条纹移动清晰,自然降温法获得的数据线性良好,精确度高。     

一个零齐次核的Hilbert型积分不等式

通过引入权函数、独立参数及共轭指数,应用实分析的方法,建立一个具有零齐次核的带最佳常数的Hilbert型积分不等式,并考虑其等价形式及其逆式.     

一个精确化的Mulhulland不等式

引入多参数,应用Hadamard不等式与权系数的方法,建立一个较为精确的、推广的Mulhulland不等式,并证明其常数因子为最佳值,还考虑了其等价式与逆式.     

考虑畸变效应的梁单元刚度矩阵应用

基于势能驻值原理和广义坐标法原理推导出考虑截面畸变效应的梁单元刚度矩阵.根据此梁单元刚度矩阵,编制了计算薄壁钢箱梁结构的有限元程序,且此程序可以考虑截面畸变效应和扭转效应.运用自编程序,分析横隔板间距对薄壁钢箱梁受力性能的影响.通过数值计算,得出布置横隔板对畸变正应力的影响最大,对弯曲正应力的影响很小.畸变荷载作用下,只有当横隔板布置间距小到一定数值时,薄壁箱梁的畸变正应力才会减小.最后,引入畸变翘曲影响系数γ,简化了薄壁箱形梁纵向正应力的计算方法.当横隔板布置间距L与薄壁箱梁横截面最大尺寸H的比值小于2时,畸变翘曲影响系数γ趋于1,表明薄壁箱形梁的畸变正应力趋于零,可以忽略畸变效应的影响.     

基于时域模型的路面平整度模拟

为了更加直观有效地描述路面平整度,提出了一种路面平整度的模拟方法,即随机正弦波法.该方法将路面平整度表示成大量具有随机相位的正弦或余弦之和,采用离散谱逼近目标随机过程,是一种离散化数值模拟路面平整度的方法.根据给定的路面功率谱系数,在时域路面随机位移输入的频率特征与给定的路面谱相一致的情况下,通过计算机模拟将路面平整度优化成为随机振动的等效信号,得到各等级下路面的平整度曲线.结果表明：随机正弦波法适用于实测道路谱的时域模拟,由于该方法数学推导严密,使用范围广泛,且模拟曲线直观,对于汽车平顺性研究具有十分重要的意义.最后,提出一个与路面功率谱系数相关的平整度指标——名义平整度指数.     

HFC125跨临界热泵热水器性能实验研究

为深入了解HFC125跨临界循环热泵热水器的运行特性,设计和建造了一个直流变频热泵热水器实验装置,对HFC125跨临界循环热泵热水器性能进行了实验研究,发现压缩机运行在95Hz时系统存在一个COP峰值.然后以95Hz为例,研究了系统COP与压缩机频率、冷凝压力、蒸发压力、冷却水温升、压缩机排气温度等参数的关系,并与R410A亚临界循环系统性能进行了比较.结果表明：系统存在一最优频率,此时系统有较好的COP值,系统COP随冷凝压力和压比的降低呈上升趋势,而蒸发压力基本恒定;当冷却水温升超过47.5℃时,COP迅速下降.相对R410A亚临界循环,HFC125跨临界循环系统COP显著提升,提高幅度平均在12%以上.