从职业网球运动看超小周期“多课次”的训练模式

本文通过查阅大量文献资料,结合当前职业网球运动员训练及参赛周期特征与传统大周期训练模式产生的冲突,对新周期形态与训练定式——超小周期＂多课次＂训练模式进行探讨,以便于能给教练员和运动员提供实质性的建议和思考。     

Tackle and ruck technique proficiency within academy and senior club rugby union

ABSTRACT

This study examined the validity of a tool that assesses tackle and ruck technique in training and established reference data for tackle, ball-carry and ruck technique at different levels of play in rugby union. One hundred and thirty-one amateur rugby union players; 37 senior, 51 first-grade academy and 43 second-grade academy players, participated in a two-on-two contact drill. The drill was filmed and the players’ tackle, ball-carry and ruck technique were assessed using standardized technical criteria. Senior level players scored significantly higher in all three assessments; tackle technique senior vs academy 1^st (p < 0.01, effect size (ES) = 0.7, moderate), senior vs academy 2^nd (p < 0.01, ES = 0.7, moderate); ball-carry technique senior vs academy 1^st (p < 0.01, ES = 0.6, moderate), senior vs academy 2^nd (p < 0.01, ES = 0.8, moderate); ruck technique senior vs academy 1^st (p < 0.01, ES = 0.7, moderate), senior vs academy 2^nd (p < 0.01, ES = 0.4, small). These findings emphasize the importance of developing contact technique to allow players to progress to higher levels, and provide validity to an assessment tool which can facilitate this process.     

Guiding Attention Aids the Acquisition of Anticipatory Skill in Novice Soccer Goalkeepers

Purpose: The ability to anticipate the actions of opponents can be enhanced through perceptual-skill training, though there is doubt regarding the most effective form of doing so. We sought to evaluate whether perceptual-skill learning would be enhanced when supplemented with guiding visual information. Method: Twenty-eight participants without soccer-playing experience were assigned to a guided perceptual-training group (n = 9), an unguided perceptual-training group (n = 10), or a control group (n = 9). The guided perceptual-training group received half of their trials with color cueing that highlighted either the key kinematic changes in the kicker's action or the known visual search strategy of expert goalkeepers. The unguided perceptual-training group undertook an equal number of trials of practice, but all trials were without guidance. The control group undertook no training intervention. All participants completed an anticipation test immediately before and after the 7-day training intervention, as well as a 24-hr retention test. Results: The guided perceptual-training group significantly improved their response accuracy for anticipating the direction of soccer penalty kicks from preintervention to postintervention, whereas no change in performance was evident at posttest for either the unguided perceptual-training group or the control group. The superior performance of the guided perceptual-training group was preserved in the retention test and was confirmed when relative changes in response time were controlled using a covariate analysis. Conclusions: Perceptual training supplemented with guiding information provides a level of improvement in perceptual anticipatory skill that is not seen without guidance.     

关于教学中提高高校女生耐力跑能力的探讨

通过对湖北省13所高校女生进行调查,发现高校女生普遍对耐力跑兴趣不高,这不仅给耐力跑教学带来了一定的困难,也阻碍了学生心肺功能的增强。本文采用问卷调查法、文献资料法、咨询法等对影响普通高校女生耐力跑能力的各因素进行了分析,其目的是提高耐力跑教学水平,并通过耐力跑达到强身健体,增强自信心,培养顽强意志。     

北京奥运会志愿者培训对哈尔滨2009大冬会的启示

论述国际大型体育赛会志愿者培训的历程,分析2008年北京奥运会志愿者培训工作,认为根据实际情况制定培训内容,提高奥运会志愿者的服务意识、岗位意识和应对意外事件的能力,控制志愿者培训的成本是北京奥运会志愿者培训的宝贵经验。提出哈尔滨大冬会志愿者培训应借鉴北京奥运会的成功经验,从组建培训的教师队伍、建立多渠道的培训方式、将绩效管理与志愿者的激励管理相结合、制定适宜的大冬会志愿者培训计划与内容等几个方面,控制大冬会的培训的成本,建立合理的管理机制,培养志愿者应对意外事件能力,全面提高大冬会志愿者培训工作质量。     

关于科学课教师培养的调查研究

科学课程是第八次基础教育课程改革中新增设的一门广域综合课程.培养科学课程教师的科学教育专业,在设置上经历了"飙升"、"锐减"之后,现已趋向平稳发展;课程体系基本形成,主干课程趋于明确;教材建设取得一定成效;组织管理以"常规模式"为主,兼有"教务主导模式"与"半独立模式".然而,该专业区域分布很不平衡,招生走势有下滑迹象,课程设置模式、课程内容选择、管理组织协调等方面亟待加强.     

适应经济发展新环境的国际贸易专业仿真实训研究

国际贸易专业的特点和中国社会经济发展的现实使得校企合作无法深入开展,毕业生或在校学生的实习实训很难真正落实。为解决专业需要较强的实践操作能力而学生又很难通过工学结合实现的矛盾,仿真实训就显得尤为重要。本文从构建课程仿真实训、模拟仿真软件实训、沙盘模拟仿真实训以及科学合理的仿真实训评价体系等方面出发,对适应经济发展新环境的国际贸易专业仿真实训进行了分析。     

当前房地产人才培养存在的问题与对策

房地产人才培养要适应房地产行业的发展和用人单位及社会的需求。面对新的行业环境和用人需求规格,高校房地产人才培养需要调整与完善。本文从当前我国房地产人才培养存在的一些问题谈起,对新形势下房地产人才培养如何适应行业和社会的需求作初步的探讨与思考。     

刍议青少年羽毛球运动员心理训练

运用文献资料和训练比赛小结等研究方法,对青少年羽毛球运动员的心理训练的概念和原理、内容、心理特点及其表现、影响比赛心理的主要因素、训练途径等问题进行探讨。     

会计与审计专业人才培养规格和课程结构体系改革、建设的研究与实践

会计与审计专业的开办,填补了我省同类专业高职教育的空白。该专业如何办?怎样才能办出特色?就成为急需研究的一个课题。为此,我们进行了为期三年的研究、探索与实践。首先,对我省会计、审计专业人才需求情况进行调查、分析和预测;其次,在调查、分析和预测的基础上,提出了该专业人才培养规格及其所具备的知识与能力结构;再次,根据本专业人才培养目标的要求和相近专业课程体系存在的问题,提出了与专业培养目标相适应的课程体系结构,并进行了实践与探索;最后,根据"厚基础、宽口径、重实践"的办学理念和高职教育特色,进行了实践性教学改革的探索,提出了实践性教学改革的基本思路和措施,总结出会计与审计专业实践教学模式。