"双一流"高校博士生"申请—考核制"制度设计与实践特征

以2019年东、中、西和东北部地区14所双一流高校的293份博士生招生简章作为研究样本,从申请条件、选拔方式、选拔标准、考核评分、保障机制和信息咨询六个方面构建指标观测体系。结果显示,总体上博士生"申请-考核制"表现为申请条件偏重综合能力考察,但存在考生出身限制;选拔方式偏重主观选拔方式,客观选拔方式相对弱化;选拔和评分标准模糊,招生自由裁量权过大;保障机制不健全,招生透明度有待提高。从地区来看,东部地区重门槛轻考核;中部地区重考核轻门槛;西部地区重门槛和考核轻保障;东北部地区重考核和保障轻处罚公开。基于此,研究提出了进一步优化完善我国博士生"申请-考核制"的基本思路。     

“三全育人”视域下实境学习评价指标体系的构建研究

“三全育人”理念围绕立德树人的根本任务,倡导全员育人、全方位育人、全过程育人的教育理念,实现了教育资源的多元整合。立足于全员育人的教育理念,在校企合作的实境学习中,切实发挥企业在育人工作中的积极作用。以高职院校市场营销专业为例,通过企业对实境学习成果的重要性评估,运用探索性因子分析法,构建高职学生实境学习的评价指标体系,推进实境德育评价工作,以期提升实境学习的有效性,打造校企育人共同体,推进产教深度融合。     

支撑自定义专业的新工科课程体系逻辑分析可视化——以山东大学全球能源互联网新工科特色班为例

需求侧的行业形态不断更新促进我国新工科课程体系改革的深度探索.面向新行业形态的专业课程体系是多学科融合的自定义体系,传统的课程体系已无法满足学科交叉和知识快速更新的需求.本文提出专业课程体系内部课程知识点之间的逻辑关系分析方法,基于此方法形成课程体系逻辑分析软件包及可视化平台,可用于校核已有专业课程体系、自动定制新专业...     

Understanding business interests in international large-scale student assessments: a media analysis of The Economist,Financial Times,and Wall Street Journal

The media analysis is situated in the larger body of studies that explore the varied reasons why different policy actors advocate for international large-scale student assessments (ILSAs) and adds to the research on the fast advance of the global education industry. The analysis of The Economist, Financial Times, and Wall Street Journal covers publications on ‘PISA’, ‘TIMSS’, and related search items over the period 1996–2016. The three media outlets vary in terms of ILSA reporting. The Economist and Financial Times tend to focus on PISA, whereas the Wall Street Journal pays greater attention to TIMSS than PISA. The content analysis of 59 articles yields interesting results about how the business-oriented readership of the three media outlets frames public education and why it sees education as a profitable business opportunity. The three most common narratives, reflecting the business logic, are the following: (i) public education is in crisis; (ii) there is no correlation between spending and education outcome; and (iii) school accountability, teacher performance, and decentralisation represent the most effective policies to improve the quality of education. Drawing on these three common narratives, the financial media outlets present a particular vision of how to improve education; a vision in which the private sector is supposed to play a major role.     

Comparative study of middle school students’ attitudes towards science: Rasch analysis of entire TIMSS 2011 attitudinal data for England,Singapore and the U.S.A. as well as psychometric properties of attitudes scale

We report here on a comparative study of middle school students’ attitudes towards science involving three countries: England, Singapore and the U.S.A. Complete attitudinal data sets from TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) 2011 were used, thus giving a very large sample size (N?=?20,246), compared to other studies in the journal literature. The Rasch model was used to analyse the data, and the findings have shed some useful light on not only how the Western and Asian students responded on a comparative basis in the various scales related to attitudes but also on the validity, reliability, and unidimensionality of the attitudes instrument used in TIMSS 2011. There may be a need for TIMSS test developers to consider doing away with negatively phrased items in the attitudes instrument and phrasing these positively as the Rasch framework shows that response bias is associated with these statements.     

论教学公正及其实现策略

教学公正是教学思维的本质属性,决定着教学的本体论、认识论与方法论,是教学有效的基本尺度。教学公正具有融合性、本真性、发展性、功能性的属性,关涉教学世界的各种关系,影响着学生发展核心素养。教学公正的现实是存在着事实性、原理性、方法性公正的困境,需要在教学设计、教学实施、教学反思中探索公正策略,做到教学思维与教学行为公正,进而做出恰当公正的教学决策,实现教学效益最大化。     

The impact of patterns of trauma exposure among low income children with and without histories of child maltreatment

Previous research has revealed a large prevalence of trauma experienced by children, creating high risk for the development of psychopathology. Research investigating the negative impacts of child maltreatment and other traumas has typically examined these experiences individually, controlling for co-occurring traumas, or has combined these experiences into a general variable of risk, thereby obscuring the complex relationships among environmental traumas and maltreatment. The current study expands on previous research by elucidating relationships between multiple contexts of overlapping traumas and maltreatment experienced by children, and by categorizing how these experiences join together to impact internalizing and externalizing symptomatology. Participants included 316 maltreated children and 269 nonmaltreated children (M age = 9.4, SD = 0.88) who attended a summer day camp research program for low-income children. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) identified three differential patterns of trauma exposure across children: 1) community violence and loss; 2) pervasive trauma; and 3) low trauma. Covariate analyses demonstrated that child maltreatment was significantly associated with class membership, suggesting that maltreated children were more likely to experience diverse traumas extending beyond their maltreatment experiences (pervasive trauma class). A two-way analysis of variance also demonstrated that trauma latent class membership and child maltreatment each represented unique predictors of internalizing and externalizing symptoms, with each having an independent effect on symptomatology. This investigation provides unique insight into the differential impact of patterns of trauma exposure and child maltreatment, providing support for further research and clinical practice addressing multiple levels of a child’s ecology.     

Matters of Form: Questions of Race,Identity, Design,and the U.S. Census

This case examines how functionalist approaches manifest culturally based on users’ contexts. The authors conduct a critical visual semiotic analysis of the race and Hispanic origin questions on the 2010 U.S. Census form, demonstrating how incongruities in design potentially harm people. This demonstrates a need for adding critical analyses to design and research and it refocuses the Society for Technical Communication’s value of promoting the public good on to design and documentation in order to fight injustice.     

Latent Markov Factor Analysis for Exploring Measurement Model Changes in Time-Intensive Longitudinal Studies

When time-intensive longitudinal data are used to study daily-life dynamics of psychological constructs (e.g., well-being) within persons over time (e.g., by means of experience sampling methodology), the measurement model (MM)—indicating which constructs are measured by which items—can be affected by time- or situation-specific artifacts (e.g., response styles and altered item interpretation). If not captured, these changes might lead to invalid inferences about the constructs. Existing methodology can only test for a priori hypotheses on MM changes, which are often absent or incomplete. Therefore, we present the exploratory method “latent Markov factor analysis” (LMFA), wherein a latent Markov chain captures MM changes by clustering observations per subject into a few states. Specifically, each state gathers validly comparable observations, and state-specific factor analyses reveal what the MMs look like. LMFA performs well in recovering parameters under a wide range of simulated conditions, and its empirical value is illustrated with an example.     

Content and impact of articles published by school psychology faculty

School Psychology faculty members are expected to publish articles in peer‐reviewed journals that impact the fields of education and psychology. Both the content and the impact of the articles school psychologists publish may change across time and differ from other disciplines. The current analysis sought to understand average article impact, content, and research focus, and to describe those articles that have the highest impact factor. All of the articles (n = 3670) published by school psychology faculty between January, 2010 and December, 2015 were collected and examined. Three reviewers were trained over 2 hr to read abstracts and to classify the content of those abstracts. The literature was systematically classified into four categories: assessment, consultation, intervention, and professional issues. The title, keywords, and abstract were used to find the category of best fit for each publication. The majority of articles published fall into the broad category of Professional Issues. The average article is cited 17.68 times in Google Scholar and 4.9 times in Web of Science. These data will be useful to understand publication content trends and identify gaps in research.