出生性别比研究——以福建省为例

利用全国人口普查福建省数据和福建省公开发布的有关资料数据,分析福建省出生性别比失衡现象的现状,在此基础上,从社会性别视角分析得出出生性别比失衡的根源为性别不平等。应从转变传统观念、充分发挥社会化主体的作用以及借鉴韩国有效的经验三个方面采取有效措施,才能更好地解决出生性别比问题。     

只不过是错觉——评《婚姻保卫战》

随着《婚姻保卫战》的热播,女权意识与男权传统这一经典的话题引起了社会的广泛关注和讨论,该剧对传统的女性和男性形象进行了时代新演绎,弘扬了女性追求自由、反叛夫权的独立意识。表面上看是女权突围男权的成功典范,实则在故事讲述中流露出对男权话语的心悦诚服,男女平等的虚浮美丽背后却只是错觉。     

“发乎情,止乎礼义”——先秦儒家“食色”观述略以及陶渊明的形象表达

＂饮食男女＂是当今社会普遍喜谈的话题,也是我国古代儒家十分重视的问题。先秦儒学从来没有否定过男女之间性爱需求的合理存在性,只不过他们把人的这一需求定位于生物学层次而已。与此同时,先秦儒学还提倡用德行礼教来规范、节制＂食色＂,使其不至于放任自流。《毛诗序》所谓＂发乎情,止乎礼义＂就是传统儒家＂食色＂观的精炼表述。陶渊明《闲情赋》则是传统儒家＂食色＂观的形象体现。     

从起点到终点的轮回——对鲁迅小说《伤逝》的另外解读

从《伤逝》的传统理解、鲁迅的失败和绝望等方面对作品进行新的解读。鲁迅的深刻和鲁迅最吸引入的地方,在于他对失败和失败者身份深入骨髓的体验。     

当代大学生的性现状研究

面对当前大学生呈现的各种性问题,可从生理、心理和社会等多个角度进行研究,从中揭示性的伦理学意义。对于发生在大学生身上的性问题,我们的态度应该是教育和引导,而不是逃避和漠视。     

Coeducational and single-sex physical education: students’ situational interest in learning tasks centred on technical skills

Background: A student’s choice to engage in a learning task is highly related to the student’s environmental stimuli and his or her perception of interest. From this perspective, the construct of situational interest (SI) has been used to interpret students’ motivation in task engagement. SI is assumed to be transitory, environmentally activated, and context specific. It has been conceptualized as a multidimensional construct with five dimensions: instant enjoyment, exploration intention, attention demand, novelty, and challenge. Few prior studies have compared SI between girls and boys in physical education (PE) contexts, and these studies have offered contrasting findings. They were conducted in coeducational (coed) or single-sex contexts and used learning tasks centred on a variety of outcomes: technical or tactical skills, creativity and cultural understanding.

Purpose: In the context of the debate on single-sex and coed classes in PE, this study aimed to estimate the effects of single-sex and coed PE classes on students’ situational interest (SI) within learning tasks centred on technical skills. The researchers decided to study learning tasks centred on the development of students’ technical skills, since these tasks are often used by teachers in PE.

Participants: The sample consisted of 177 Swiss secondary school students, aged 11–17 years (M?=?14.07, SD?=?1.41, 96 boys, 81 girls).

Data collection: The students completed the French 15-item SI Scale after practising a technical learning task in single-sex and coed PE contexts. The researchers chose five physical activities (i.e. athletics, basketball, dance, gymnastics, and volleyball), which are commonly taught in the state of Vaud (Switzerland) and provide a balance between masculine and feminine activities.

Data analysis: A two-way repeated-measures MANOVA was performed to examine the main and interaction effects of student sex and class sex composition on the five SI dimensions.

Findings: The results showed a main effect of class sex composition on student SI but no main effect of student sex and no interaction effect of student sex and class sex composition. More precisely, the scores for three SI dimensions (i.e. instant enjoyment, exploration intention, and attention demand) were higher in the coed context than in the single-sex context.

Conclusions: This study encourages teachers to propose coed PE classes to enhance students’ motivation and engagement when practising learning tasks centred on technical skills. This study offers supplementary evidence of the teacher’s role in promoting student SI. Beyond accounting for students’ dispositional factors (e.g. sex), PE teachers can significantly impact students’ SI in technical learning tasks through instructional choices.     

不同激素配比对铁皮石斛组织培养的影响研究

在铁皮石斛组织培养过程中,通过筛选适宜铁皮石斛原球茎增殖、分化、壮苗和生根的培养基,以提高增殖系数和试管苗的质量。结果表明:原球茎增殖以MS NAA1．0 mg／L 6-BA1．0 mg／L KT1．0 mg／L为最佳;原球茎分化以MS NAA1．0 mg／L 6-BA3．0mg／L KT1．0 mg／L为最佳;壮苗生根以1／2MS IBA2．0 mg／L 水解酪蛋白500mg／L 10％香蕉提取液为最佳,45天生根率达92％。     

山西省高校新聘专任教师队伍结构探析

近五年,山西省高校新聘专任教师队伍与以前相比,在性别比例、学历层次、学科比例等方面发生了一些新变化。本文以山西省高校教师岗前培训所获取的第一手统计数据为依据,着重对这些变化及其背后的动因进行阐述和探讨,并结合山西经济社会发展实际,提出了一些建设性的解决方案。     

从社会调查看民国时期华北地区的人口状况

从李景汉和当时其他学者的调查入手,考察华北地区人口的性别比例和增长类型,从而引出对人地关系的探讨,并且以后者为重点。同时,从人地关系的分析中,还可以得知农民并非是一个愚昧、落后的群体,他们对农业生产、日常生活的安排都是有一定合理性的,在他们的生活中潜藏着一种朴素的智慧。     

运动与甲状腺激素反应研究进展

甲状腺功能紊乱主要影响机体运动的耐受性,从而导致机体剧烈运动能力的降低。另一方面,运动本身也可直接或间接影响甲状腺功能,或者引起下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴功能的急剧改变,或者导致运动员甲状腺功能的长期改变。运动员甲状腺功能的改变是一种耐受能力的适应性机制,这种适应性机制可使能量的摄取和消耗趋于平衡。女运动员过度减重常常出现“低T3综合症”,从而导致运动性闭经以及其它下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴功能的紊乱,