Medical students’ perceptions and preferences for sexual health education

Sexual health topics are not well-covered in US medical schools. Research has not typically asked medical students what sexual health topics they would like addressed and their preferred methods of sexual health education. This study attempted to address this deficit via an online survey of medical students at an institution where little sexual health education is offered. Participants reported receiving the most education in endocrinology and sexually transmitted infections, but they also saw the following topics as important: sexual development, child sexual abuse, healthy sexuality, male sexual dysfunction and female dysfunction. Participants were more confident in talking to adults about sexual health matters than children, and more uncomfortable talking to opposite sex patients. Perceived barriers to sexual health education in medical school included a busy curriculum, other topics being seen as more important, religious influences, discomfort with sexuality and unqualified teaching faculty. Participants favoured training strategies that included panels of experts, panels of patients and role-plays conducted by seasoned professionals in sexual health. To reduce the barriers to sexual health education in US medical schools, educators need to highlight the relevance and importance of sexual health topics to the future work of physicians.     

“This Is How You Hetero:” Sexual Minorities in Heteronormative Sex Education

The efficacy of sex education has been questioned, as students participate in high rates of unsafe sex after completion. Without exploring various sexual minority (SM) identities (e.g., gay, lesbian, and bisexual) and forms of sex, sex education may be especially unhelpful for SMs by perpetuating the heteronormative (i.e., assuming heterosexuality is normal) environment they typically experience. In the present qualitative study, semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 SMs regarding their experiences with sex education using a grounded theory approach. Participants described sex education as being heteronormative and exclusive of their identities, making them feel invisible, sexually unprepared, and shameful. Sex education also reportedly contributed to sexual hesitance, sexual violence, and risky sexual behaviors. Participants endorsed histories of depression, anxiety, and suicidality, often associated with their identity. To become more informed and sexually prepared, they sought information through conversations with others, online searching, college courses, and trial and error sexual experiences. Participants also advocated for inclusive sex education, which would incorporate all identities and associated safe sex practices. They concluded that inclusivity in curricula could lead to various improved outcomes for SMs, such as safe sex, a sense of community, identity confidence, healthy relationships, and resilience.     

In the spirit of William Georgetti: scrutiny of a prestigious national scholarship selection process

Postgraduate scholarship programmes are increasingly important for supporting gifted students from diverse backgrounds. Systems and processes in the application, determination and delivery of scholarships must be robust, transparent, accountable and equitable. However, they are rarely evaluated. One of the most prestigious scholarships in New Zealand – the William Georgetti Scholarship – is investigated here for the impact of student’s grade point averages (GPAs) and sex on applicant’s progression, the level of agreement between Scholarship Board member rankings, and whether applicants or members’ sex is material to any outcomes. Data from 2007 to 2015 were extracted, and contained 301 applicants considered for shortlisting, 78 who were shortlisted and 60 successful recipients evaluated by 17 Scholarship Board members (5 female, 12 male). Mean GPAs significantly increased over time amongst applicants, those shortlisted, and those successful. While 60% of applicants were female, only 49% of those shortlisted were female; however, this was explained by GPA differences. Some 52% of successful applicants were female. Ranking discordance amongst members was relatively high, but no differential sex biases were noted. The empirical results suggest that current systems and processes are consistent with the scholarship’s deed, although the difference in GPA scores between female and male applicants is of concern.     

宁德师范学院在校生性健康教育现状调查与思考

为了解宁德师院在校生的性健康教育现状,采用整群抽样的方法,对500名在校生进行问卷调查,为建立针对性和实效性的高校性健康教育模式和开展性健康教育干预措施提供理论依据.调查显示,72.2%学生未修过性健康教育课程;80.7%以上学生觉得自己对性知识了解程度不足,性知识主要来源于互联网和报刊杂志;80%以上学生认为课堂讲授、观看教学录像是获得性健康知识的最佳形式;98%学生要求开设性教育课程且希望开设心理咨询中心.学生对在校期间谈恋爱及婚前性行为多持＂接受＂态度.结果表明,师院在校生的贞操观相对淡薄,性观念较为开放,而性知识匮乏,并且获取性知识的途径不佳.为了学生的身心健康,建议普及性健康教育课程,家庭、学校、社会多方配合,以纯洁教育为主旨辅以安全教育.     

荧光探针在植物激素检测中的应用进展

本文综述了荧光探针在植物激素检测方面的一些应用现状,如荧光探针用于检测茉莉酸、脱落酸、油菜素类固醇和多胺等。     

文本与现实中的性别境遇——以治理出生性别比失调宣传倡导征文活动为例

作为治理出生性别比失调的一项公众宣传倡导活动,应具有较强的社会性别敏感性。通过对124篇几乎无法脱离现实的征文文本的社会性别视角分析发现：性别歧视的话题聚焦于受教育差异、家长偏爱、出生性别比失衡等;在反对性别歧视的同时,也含有部分混同性别歧视与性别平等的内容,部分对女性的成见聚焦于四类刻板印象。与征文创作者座谈发现：活动的参与者多为女性,家庭和校园里仍存在男性偏好,对性别平等的未来喜忧参半。治理出生性别比失调的宣传活动,更深远的宣传倡导目标应是：改善教育环境下的性别不平等,改变日常生活重男轻女的情结。     

单羟基Corrole与DNA相互作用研究

首先合成二吡咯烷烃,分离纯化后再和不同的醛反应,合成了5种周边被F（2a）,Cl（2b）,Br（2c）,I（2d）及H（2e）原子取代的Corrole化合物,分离收率介于8.1%～26.4%.通过紫外-可见吸收光谱,稳态荧光光谱,流体力学实验及CD光谱推断所合成的5种化合物和小牛胸腺DNA（CT DNA）的结合模式为外部结合.此外,卤素重原子对于化合物和CT DNA的结合模式没有显著影响.     

257名大学新生性爱观现状调查

采用自编性爱观调查问卷,以随机取样法对257名大学新生进行了性爱观调查,结果显示,大学新生在婚前性行为与同性恋两项因子上有显著的学科差异；性知识与有无恋爱经历有显著的关系；大学新生在总体性爱观、性意向、性知识和婚前性行为方面存在显著的性别差异。调查结果表明,大学新生性爱观存在着多维度、多元性的特征,由传统保守的性爱观向开放的性爱观发展趋势比较明显。高校教育工作者应当重视和加强大学新生性爱心理方面的教育和导向。     

性别差异：外语教学中不容忽视的因素

外语学习中，一直存在着明显的女强男弱现象。作者首先通过试卷成绩的分析，证实了女强男弱的事实，接着从生理学、心理学的角度，通过问卷调查、访谈等方式分析了造成这种事实的原因，最后得出外语教学应尊重性别差异，提出了开发女生先天优势，激发男生成就性和远景性动机等具体措施。     

英汉照应语反身代词的约束对比

本文拟从句法的角度对比分析英汉反身代词 ,探讨它们用法上的异同。首先讨论汉英反身代词的语法性质 ,其次讨论两种分析反身代词的语法理论。最后对它的用法上的异同作一小结