广西壮族香火球运动的文化学分析

香火球运动是一项具有悠久历史,流行于广西壮族同胞生活中的少数民族传统体育活动,其源于广西南宁市良庆区古元坡村村民张元亨与其母艰苦生活的美丽传说。香火球运动极富地方民族特色,活动规则类似于现今的羽毛球,区别在于用手代替球拍击球。香火球运动延续了广西壮族同胞对火、祖先和英雄人物的崇拜,表现出坚韧与和谐共存的人文精神,以及明显的地域边缘文化色彩。香火球运动的传播应充分考虑全球化的时代特点和发展趋势,保留和发挥香火球文化中传统的精华部分,使香火球这一独特的壮族历史文化遗产日久常新。     

乒乓球发球机在区域练习法中的设计与应用研究

在区域练习法中,运用发球机将乒乓球的基本技术有机组合成若干个组合练习形式,按重新设计的教学进度和计划进行教学。通过实验组与对照组的教学效果对比研究表明：采用发球机进行教学,符合大学生的心理特点,不仅可以提高大学生的学习兴趣、单位时间内练习的密度、强度,而且对掌握基本技、战术,落点的准确性,实战能力等方面明显优于常规教法。教法设计简单、新颖、实用。     

中国新石器时代体育发展流变——以中原地区为主线

运用文献资料法和实证分析法,以考古视角沿着中国古人类进化过程对新石器时期体育的发展流变进行实证探索。认为：新石器时代在继承与发展旧石器时代祭祀舞蹈、石球、射箭、儿童娱乐活动的同时,也创造性地开辟了集体舞蹈、武舞、弹弓、搏斗、球戏等活动内容;就狭义体育而言,武舞、讲武、田猎都是最原始的体育教育,即通过活动达到育化身体的目的;新石器时代的体育在农业生存模式的主线牵引下不断发展并分化：农业生存模式衍生出农耕节奏的集会娱乐体育;战争衍生出射箭等军事体育内容;规律性农闲促进了体育教化和讲武的产生发展。     

The effect of ball carrying method on sprint speed in rugby union football players

Different methods of ball carrying can be used when a player runs with the ball in rugby union. We examined how three methods of ball carrying influenced sprinting speed: using both hands, under the left arm and under the right arm. These methods were compared with running without the ball. Our aim was to determine which method of ball carrying optimizes sprinting speed. Altogether, 48 rugby union players (age 21±2 years, height 1.83±0.1?m, body mass 85.3±12?kg, body fat 14?±?5%; mean±s) were recruited. The players performed twelve 30-m sprints in total (each player performed three trials under each of three methods of carrying the ball and sprinting without the ball). The design of the study was a form of Latin rectangle, balanced across the trial order for each of the methods and for pairwise combinations of the methods in blocks of four per trial. Each sprint consisted of a 10-m rolling start, followed by a 20-m timed section using electronic timing gates. Compared with sprinting 20?m without the ball (2.58±0.16?s), using both hands (2.62±0.16?s) led to a significantly slower time (P?<0.05). Sprinting 20?m with the ball under the left arm (2.61±0.15?s) or under the right arm (2.60± 0.17?s) was significantly quicker than when using ‘both hands’ (P?<0.05), and both these methods were significantly slower than when running without the ball (P?<0.05). Accordingly, running with the ball in both hands led to the greatest decrement in sprinting performance, although carrying the ball under one arm also reduced the players' sprinting ability. Our results indicate that to gain a speed advantage players should carry the ball under one arm.     

足球前场80个成功任意球战术初探

通过对15届世界杯足球赛、'96欧洲足球锦标赛和意大利、英国、德国、西班牙、荷兰、巴西等国国内联赛共100多场高水平比赛中所收集到的80个前场任意球成功战例战术进行分析研究。结果表明:距离球门30米左右的中间区域是任意球得分的最佳区域;任意球进攻的战术方法以简练实用为宜,若情况允许尽可能直接射门;一次配合战术以中路一拨后射门和左、右两区域的传中后头球射门为主要配合方法。