‘Operating on a Basis of Student Consent’: Peter Medway’s Work in Finding a Language

Written nearly 40 years ago, Peter Medway’s Finding a Language continues to be an arresting read, which offers a powerful vision of what might be possible in education. In this brief introduction, I set the work in context, referring to ideas that Pete engaged with and recalling a little of the times.     

关于社会发展评价标准的理性思考

当今我国处于转型发展的多元化社会过程中，面临着多方面的挑战，我们应从社会发展的价值取向、社会评价尺度等方面综合考虑影响我国社会发展的因素，从而使社会既合规律又合目的地向前发展。     

4-16世纪中国史家对于社会结构与历史演进的理解

历史认识中人本思想提升的一个理论结果,是史学家、思想家对于包括社会结构与历史演进等理论的思考获得深入。古代中国史学家、思想家对于社会结构与历史演进的理论思考,与早熟、发达的国家制度有关,与古代中国特有的史官制度及其文化形态、史学文化传统也有密切的关系。从公元4世纪到16世纪这1000多年观念的发展来看,史家对于社会结构的认识,大致延续了《史记》、《汉书》的传统,体现了大体一致的对社会结构的认识,即呈天、地、人、政治、经济、刑法、军事、政治制度、选官制度、文化的结构顺序。随着社会的发展,中国的史学家、思想家对于社会结构及其历史演进的理解亦不断深化,尤其是对社会经济及其历史意义的认识更是日益丰富。     

高校共青团“三下乡”社会实践创新思考

“三下乡”社会实践是大学生了解农村、了解社会的一个重要途径。高校共青团作为“三下乡”社会实践的组织者，其组织的效果直接影响活动开展的整体效果。通过对当前“三下乡”社会实践存在的突出问题，探讨高校共青团在深入开展该活动时的新思考并取得的实效。     

Inclusive Learning: the Report of the Committee of Enquiry into the postschool education of those with learning difficulties and/or disabilities,in England, 1996

ABSTRACT

The Report, Inclusive Learning (1996), is the result of a three‐year enquiry into the educational needs of and provision for adults with disabilities and/or learning difficulties in England. It arose from the requirement of an Act of Parliament, in 1992, that the new national funding council for further education should ‘have regard’ for such students in all its work of funding, development and evaluation. The Committee commissioned some fundamental research into the nature and extent of provision, the actual and potential demand for further education and the current requirements of law, and also reviewed existing academic research (chiefly in English‐speaking countries). It took extensive evidence in many modes and, in particular, created a series of workshops in which the students and their advocates could speak for themselves. The outcome was the main Report and summary, together with six supplementary publications. The core of the Report is the notion of ‘inclusive learning’, which places the responsibility for providing appropriate education with the teachers, the managers and the system (ultimately, with society), rather than problematizing the student as one with a deficit. A good education system is not merely about offering access to what is available, but also the making of what needs to be available accessible: the moulding of opportunity. Thus the Report concentrates on a theory of learning and its educational consequences. It represents another step towards embracing students with learning difficulties and/or disabilities unequivocally within the general approach to learning appropriate for all students. This article summarizes the main lines of analysis and argument in the Report and its framework of recommendations to the Further Education Funding Council, teachers, managers, voluntary organizations and to the government.     

Impacts of social economic status on higher education opportunity and graduate employment in China

Based on a nation-wide survey of higher education graduates, this paper analyzes the impact of family background, using paternal occupation and education as indicators, on their scores in the National College Entrance Examination, the level and type of higher education institutions they attend, their employment after graduation, and the income they receive from their first job. It has been found that there are wide disparities among students with different family backgrounds in both access to higher education and their potential employment in China nowadays. This paper also studies how those influences happen. __________ Translated from Peking University Education Review, 2005 July (3)     

社会资本与文化资本视野下的现代学校制度变革

社会阶层与教育获得之间存在着密切的联系。由于社会分层、社会流动以及家庭结构的变迁,导致人们之间社会资本与文化资本的差别日益扩大,从而使教育不平等问题愈加凸显。在某种程度上,一个好的学校制度能够降低出身的不平等或者降低家庭背景的重要性,因此,当今学校制度改革的一个重要方面就是弥补人们之间社会资本与文化资本方面的差异,即通过建立“公平教室”、创建“功能共同体”、改革考试制度等,以促进教育平等。     

《新青年》:中国编辑出版史上的一座丰碑

20世纪初,<新青年>的编辑出版拉开了新文化运动的帷幕,<新青年>先进的编辑思想使之成为中国编辑出版史上的一座丰碑.     

"国家的艺术形象"与"艺术的国家形象"--兼谈人民大会堂《江山如此多娇》的文化内涵

人民大会堂是我国最高的政治活动中心,又是最高的艺术殿堂,艺术与政治相互关系的理论上的阐释,在这里得当了最有效的实证;人民大会堂里的中国画如果被称谓“艺术的国家形象”,确切地说是最能代表着“国家的艺术形象”;人民大会堂的《江山如此多娇》画作,无论是创作主体,还是作品展示场地及其化内涵,都可以说是政治与艺术结合的结晶。     

中原古代文明起源新解——从伏羲文化的地位和作用谈起

综合考察文明要素 ,中原地区是中华文明起源的中心与发祥地。伏羲以其超人的智慧创造了辉煌的文化 ,伏羲文化时期文明因素如城址、铜器、文字的出现 ,为解决中原文明起源问题提供了重要线索。据此推测中原文明起源已有 6千年历史 ,“炎黄”子孙应改为“羲黄”子孙