Social class and participation in further education: evidence from the Youth Cohort Study of England and Wales

This paper examines the class distribution of young people, aged 16–17 years, in colleges of further education (FE) using data from the Youth Cohort Study. It finds that, contrary to popular perceptions of FE colleges as being for ‘other people’s children’, middle‐class students as well as working‐class students are well represented. However, this does not imply that FE colleges are institutions of choice; middle‐class representation is often related to lower achievement and, for low‐achieving working‐class students, leaving education entirely is more likely than entry to FE. These findings are explored using notions of habitus and field. Their relationship with studies of the education of middle‐class children is also discussed, and the paper suggests that research on class in FE colleges must come to terms with middle‐class presence.     

How social relationships influence academic health in the ‘enterprise university’: an insight into productivity of knowledge workers

The comparatively poor mental health status of academics at Australian universities compared with the general Australian workforce poses a public health challenge. Productivity of knowledge workers is a key issue for the new economy. Using the case of one university, I interviewed employees stratified by level of employment and showed that their mental health is adversely affected by social relationships that result from historically‐based bargains. These rely on divergent and sometimes adversarial value systems of employers and employees and a preference for particular institutional policies and practices based on contemporary cultural trends of individualism and economic rationalism that affect social support and social networks in a detrimental way. To redress this burden of mental illness, it is imperative that employer‐employee discourse is changed to incorporate the social reality of the work context. This study offers insights into productivity of knowledge workers generally in service industries of education, information and communication.     

Social‐emotional well‐being and resilience of children in early childhood settings – PERIK: an empirically based observation scale for practitioners

Compared with the traditional focus on developmental problems, research on positive development is relatively new. Empirical research in children's well‐being has been scarce. The aim of this study was to develop a theoretically and empirically based instrument for practitioners to observe and assess preschool children's well‐being in early childhood settings. The analysis of preschool teachers' ratings yields six dimensions of social‐emotional well‐being: (1) making contact/social performance, (2) self control/thoughtfulness, (3) self‐assertiveness, (4) emotional stability/coping with stress, (5) task orientation, (6) pleasure in exploration. Composite scales were constructed. PERIK consists of six scales of six items each. The scales differentiate in both the upper and lower range and despite their brevity have good psychometric qualities. The instrument was published together with a booklet containing examples of how PERIK observations can be employed in practical work with children.     

人世间到幽冥界的历史印记——读唐代墓志札记

唐代墓志是研究唐代社会的重要资料,是唐人从人世间到幽冥界的历史印记。从出土的唐代墓志可以看出,其涉及人物众多、资料丰富且撰写水平高,展现了唐人丰富的丧葬文化、多元的思想观念和浓厚的门第观念。随着更多唐代墓志的出土及其研究的深入,人们对唐代社会的认识将会更加细化,唐史的研究空间也会因此得到进一步拓展。     

中英文交际用语的差别与应对策略

交际用语是对外交往中必不可少的语言,然而由于历史文化、风俗习惯等原因,不同文化间的交际用语存在着差异。本文通过列举具体事例,结合自身在国外学习的经历,阐述中英文常用交际用语差异,分析背后反映的中西方文化差异,并逐条对英语学习者提出应对建议。笔者认为,只有打下扎实的中外文语言功底,培养跨文化意识,才能更好地开展对外交流。     

中国大学生自主创业率低的原因研究

政府对大学生自主创业的支持和扶植,高等学校对创业教育的重视并不能够完全解决中国大学生主动创业不足这一问题。中国的传统文化,中国大学生在社会化过程中所受到的家庭教育,中国中小学校普遍存在的以升学率为目标的应试教育模式是影响中国大学生主动创业率低的深层次原因。     

闽南戏曲传承的文化功能与生态形式

闽南戏曲有三种基本文化功能：娱乐、交际和教育。其文化功能的内核,扎根于民间的文化土壤、文化空间和文化生态环境。在闽南戏曲呈现出萎缩与消退态势之际,从泉州地区着眼,探究闽南戏曲生存的生态形式,重新审视闽南戏曲生存与传承的原生性根基,力求寻找一条与时俱进的传承之道。     

学术与利益的纠结：社科学报办刊体制批判

社科学报的理想前景就是形成一个＂专、特、大、强＂的办刊格局,且以走＂整合＂、＂联合＂或＂内涵发展＂之路来实现此目标。规划前景是美好的,但在办刊实践中却不易实现。受整个知识生产体制和自身办刊体制的制约,在现行学术评价体制下,社科学报不仅渐渐演变成了一种提供统计研究者知识产品之指标的形式制度,而且在知识出版方式、知识生产方式与知识生产类型上为各种利益所规制,从而在一定意义上丧失了推进和引领我国学术发展的实质性作用。既然如此,期刊体制改革当以一种符合其整体构想的思路为切入点,解析办刊背后因学术与利益间的纠结而导致的转型困境与功能困境,并阐明引发办刊机制变异的制度诱因,可能会更为合理也更有说服力。     

家庭社会资本与高等教育选择的关系研究——以云南省为例

教育公平问题一直是教育界研究的一个重点、热点问题,归根结底是一个权利、机会等资源分配和再分配问题,尤其是分配标准在其中起到了关键作用。不同层次的家庭拥有的教育资源对高等教育机会分配产生的影响是迥异的。家庭社会资本能够作为家庭代际关系资本转移的桥梁,直接或间接地影响子女高等教育机会的分配。文章以法国社会学家皮埃尔.布迪厄提出的文化资本理论为指导,从家庭社会资本的维度出发,通过实证分析可知,家庭社会资本对子女高等教育机会分配方面有显著性影响。     

简论1930—1935年杜月笙及其帮会势力

上海帮会是19世纪70年代以后建立并逐渐发展起来的一个地方性社会集团。20世纪30年代初,因得到了民国政权的支持,杜月笙及其帮会依靠四通八达的社会关系,成为活跃在当时上海社会的重要力量。通过对杜月笙及其帮会势力与当时社会各界关系的分析,可以窥视近代中国帮会势力发展的原因、规律及其危害。