The effects of informational complexity and working memory on problem-solving efficiency

This study investigated the influence of informational complexity and working memory capacity on problem-solving efficiency. We examined two predictions of thesituational efficiency hypothesis, which states that the efficiency of problem solving varies as a function of situational constraints. One prediction is that informational complexity affects problem-solving efficiency. A second prediction is that working memory capacity affects problem-solving efficiency. Students completed a working memory task and solved abstract and concrete syllogisms. Participants solved abstract syllogisms more accurately than concrete syllogisms and spent more time solving abstract syllogisms. Thus participants demonstrated greater problem-solving efficiency when solving concrete syllogisms. Results indicate that there is a trade-off between problem-solving accuracy and problem-solving time when information differs with respect to informational complexity, a phenomenon we refer to as theefficiency paradox. Working memory capacity did not affect accuracy or efficiency. The results support the conclusion that problem-solving efficiency is situational and a function of the complexity of information. Educational implications and directions for future research are suggested.     

浅谈数学思想方法在解题中的应用

在数学解题中应用化归思想、数形结合思想、方程函数思想、参数思想、整体思想等方法,培养学生的逻辑思维能力和解决问题能力。     

高职英语教材主课文易读性对比研究

易读性是教材编写中阅读材料选择的重要标准之一,易读性公式虽有诸多缺陷,仍是目前最客观、最有效的易读性测量方式。为了检验目前高职英语教材的易读性现状,为高职英语教材的编写提供信息和为高职英语教材的使用者提供选择的标准,本文就文本总体统计特征和易读性指数两方面调查了三种有代表性的高职英语教材,发现所调查的高职英语教材在易读性的总体控制方面把握得不错,但在细节方面尚有诸多需要完善的地方,同时发现了几个问题急待进一步的研究。     

基于三点二次插值的方程求根算法

考虑非线性方程的求根问题,将方程f（x）=0的求根问题转化为求函数g（x）=[f（x）]^2极小值的问题.利用优化技术中的三点二次插值法求解,在不需要计算导数的情况下给出一种具有超线性收敛的迭代算法.     

对一类不等式题型进行总结

不等式作为数学的基本内容,同时最值问题又是不等式问题中一大热门考点,它可以与函数,图像,解析几何等知识紧密结合在一起,将问题变得复杂化,成为大多数初学者的一大难点.本文以具体题目为例,探究一种关于不等式题型的一种模式解题方法,归纳并总结了以圆锥曲线,向量,函数为背景的不等式问题,并且对每一道问题进行点评,总结,让读者建立起基本的不等式思维.     

Private speech in children with ADHD and their typically developing peers during problem-solving and inhibition tasks

This study compared private speech of children with ADHD and normal controls during problem solving and inhibition tasks. Thirty-two children (16 children with ADHD and 16 matched controls) aged 6–11 years participated. Consistent with previous studies, children with ADHD produced more task-irrelevant and task-relevant external private speech than control children during problem-solving tasks, but did not differ in their use of task-relevant internal private speech. During the inhibition/attention task (Continuous Performance Test-II), children with ADHD produced more task-relevant external and more task-relevant internal private speech, suggesting that they may have employed a less mature strategy to aid in self-regulation. The educational implications of the current study are that there should be an increased awareness of the developmental nature and functional significance of private speech and how private speech usage may differ in children with ADHD.     

城市贫困人口问题的解决策略

随着我国经济体制改革的深入,我国出现了庞大的城市贫困人口队伍,如何让广大的人民享受改革发展的成果,是和谐社会所必须面临的难题。文章从城市贫困人口的现象出发,分析了我国城市贫困人口的现状,进而从中国的具体国情出发,强调初次分配的公平性。     

中小学“体育与保健”教学与学生思维能力的培养

本文遵循思维认识过程的一般规律,在学校《体育与保健》教学中的具体应用,使学生成为教学过程中积极的参与者.     

大企业效应与中小企业问题解决途径

大企业具有规模经济、协同经济、交易费用节约、信誉等效应。西方国家通过中小企业专业化经营与合作、社会及政府渠道解决中小企业问题,实际上是一个追求大企业效应的过程。解决我国中小企业问题,当前应关注中小企业专业化经营与大企业效应获取方式,中小企业集群发展,及中小企业问题解决逻辑顺序。     

建国前后影响中国武力解决台湾问题的根本因素

考察了建国前后美国对台湾问题的真实意图、中共中央军委解放台湾的意志、人民解放军的技术装备状况三个影响中国武力解决台湾问题的重要因素,认为美国当时并不缺乏控制台湾的成熟政策;影响中国武力解决台湾问题的根本因素既不是美国可能的干涉,也不是中央军委的决心和意志,而是人民解放军缺乏取胜的技术和装备.