对市场经济下企业伦理的构建与思考

本文在对市场经济环境下企业伦理的产生及其含义进行阐释的基础上，着重探讨了社会主义市场经济应该确立的企业伦理行为规范，并预见性地指出：产权界定、激励机制、思想教育、民主管理等措施，是实现企业伦理规范要求的基础和条件，这是当前对企业人才本管理讨论的热点，也是推动社会得以全面、和谐、有序发展所必须解决的重要问题。     

Cardioprotective activity of synthetic guggulsterone (E and Z-isomers) in isoproterenol induced myocardial ischemia in rats: A comparative study

Guggulsterone, a mixture of cis (E) and trans (Z) isomers (7∶3 w/w) was synthesized from 16-DPA. The isomers were separated by column chromatography and evaluated for cardioprotective and antioxidant activities. Myocardial necrosis induced by isoproterenol in rats caused marked increase in serum creatine phosphokinase and glutamate pyruvate transaminase. Simultaneously in ischemic heart, phospholipase, xanthine oxidase and lipid peroxides were enhanced following depletion of glycogen, phospholipids and cholesterol. Treatment with guggulsterone and its both isomers at the dose of 50 mg/kg po., significantly protected cardiac damage as assessed by the reversal of blood and heart biochemical parameters in ischemic rats. The cardioprotective activity of guggulsterone and of both the isomers were compared with that of gemfibrozil at the same doses. Guggulsterone and both the isomers at tested concentrations (5–20mM) inhibited oxidative degradation of lipids in human low-density lipoprotein and rat liver microsomes induced by metal ionsin vitro. The drug counteracted against the generation of superoxide anions (O₂) and hydroxyl radicals (OH⁻) in non-enzymic test systems. It is suggested that cardioprotective and antioxidant activities of synthetic guggulsterone and guggulsterone obtained from gum resinCommiphora mukul that contains isomers E & Z in the ratio of 46∶54w/w are the same.     

对数字作品著作权保护的思考

The emergence of digital works has brought new problems to the existing intellectual property system.As the traditional copyright law system lags behind the rapid development of network economy,the copyright systems in many countries are being improved,so are the relevant international pacts.This paper mainly discusses the digitalization right of traditional works,the copyright and copyright ownership of digital works,the copyright processing in the development of digital works and the countermeasures for the copyright protection in the network environment.     

美国知识产权保护规则的新一轮变迁——以《双边投资协定》为拓展的保护手段

为应对经济发展需求,美国不断在全球推行高标准、宽范围、强制约的知识产权保护制度,引发了现代知识产权国际保护规则的新一轮变迁。BIT作为知识产权国际保护的一种重要形式,在投资争端解决机制、技术化本地措施、政府竞争中立等方面都对知识产权予以强保护。通过对2012年BIT范本中知识产权保护新议题的研究,探讨知识产权保护规则的未来趋势,为我国在调整争议解决机制、待遇适用标准和政府管制范围等方面提供建议,以应对美国知识产权保护新规则带来的挑战。     

The use and abuse of metatags

The web creates manyopportunities for encroachment on intellectualproperty including trademarks. Our principaltask in this paper is an investigation into anunusual form of such encroachment: theimproper use of metatags. A metatag is a pieceof HTML code that provides summary informationabout a web page. If used in an appropriatemanner, these metatags can play a legitimaterole in helping consumers locate information. But the ``keyword'' metatag is particularlysusceptible to manipulation. These tags can beeasily abused by web site creators anxious tobait search engines and bring scores ofvisitors to their sites. The law aboutmetatags is far from settled and many legalscholars are uncomfortable with the conclusionthat the unauthorized use of a trademark in ametatag represents infringement. How should weassess this practice known as ``spamdexing'' froma normative perspective? Is it commercial fairplay or something more sinister? We make thecase here that there are salient moral problemswith spamdexing since it exploits thereputational goodwill of trademark owners andconfuses consumers. It violates basic moralduties and it flouts the golden rule principle. Hence unauthorized use of a competitor'strademark in a metatag is not morallyacceptable.     

软件产权法律保护"度"的经济学分析

软件产权保护是知识产权保护研究中最炽热的领域之一，也是争论最多的领域之一，原因是软件产权保护在“创新”与“垄断”之间存在两难选择。本文首先分析了软件产权主要法律保护手段的成本与效益，对其成效做出扼要评价，在此基础上分析软件产权保护“度”的均衡，得出软件产权在强调复制权、专利权等知识产权傈护的同时，应限制好软件产权的保护性垄断。     

图书馆在电子文献信息开发利用中的版权保护对策探讨

文章对图书馆在电子文献信息开发利用中遇到的主要版权问题作了阐述，从完善版权法，图书馆工作者更新观念，提高图书馆保护版权的自律性，建立图书馆知识产权联盟，加强电子版权管理机制建设等五个方面提出了对策和建议。     

论电子商务的知识产权保护及对策

电子商务是因特网发展到高级阶段的产物，是世界经济新的增长点，但同时也存在一系列法律问题，本文拟从知识产权的角度分析电子商务所涉及到的法律问题，并就我国实际情况提出了5条建议，期盼我国早日制定一部既与国际电子商务相互衔接又能反映中国特色的中国电子商务知识产权法规。     

Neutralization theory and online software piracy: An empirical analysis

Accompanying the explosive growth of information technology is the increasing frequency of antisocial and criminal behavior on the Internet. Online software piracy is one such behavior, and this study approaches the phenomenon through the theoretical framework of neutralization theory. The suitability and applicability of nine techniques of neutralization in determining the act is tested via logistic regression analyses on cross-sectional data collected from a sample of university students in the United States. Generally speaking, neutralization was found to be weakly related to experience with online software piracy; other elements which appear more salient are suggested and discussed in conclusion.     

Copyright or copyleft?: An analysis of property regimes for software development

Two property regimes for software development may be distinguished. Within corporations, on the one hand, a Private Regime obtains which excludes all outsiders from access to a firm's software assets. It is shown how the protective instruments of secrecy and both copyright and patent have been strengthened considerably during the last two decades. On the other, a Public Regime among hackers may be distinguished, initiated by individuals, organizations or firms, in which source code is freely exchanged. It is argued that copyright is put to novel use here: claiming their rights, authors write ‘open source licenses’ that allow public usage of the code, while at the same time regulating the inclusion of users. A ‘regulated commons’ is created. The analysis focuses successively on the most important open source licenses to emerge, the problem of possible incompatibility between them (especially as far as the dominant General Public License is concerned), and the fragmentation into several user communities that may result.