甜叶菊的组织培养

以甜叶菊茎段为外植体、MS为基本培养基,研究了消毒剂70％酒精和0．1％升汞的不同时间处理组合的灭菌效果和对试管苗再生的影响,同时还探讨了不同种类、不同浓度植物生长调节剂对试管苗增殖、生根及移栽的影响。结果表明,70％酒精处理15-30s＋0．1％升汞处理4m较为适合茎段外植体灭菌,污染率低、苗再生率高;6-BA与NAA组合的试管苗增殖系数比KT、Ad与NAA组合要高,培养基中添加1．0mg／L6-BA＋0．1-0．2mg／LNAA植物生长调节剂组合适合试管苗增殖,增殖系数可达7．4;培养基中添加0．0-0．5mg／L的IBA或NAA均适合试管苗生根,生根的试管苗移栽成活率较高。     

重复运动对骨骼肌超微结构变化的实验研究

目的:探讨重复运动后大鼠骨骼肌超微结构的改变。方法:雄性SD大鼠72只随机分为对照组、1次离心运动组和连续1周重复运动训练组。1次离心运动组进行1次下坡跑运动,重复运动组按照同样的强度进行连续7天的下坡跑训练。分别在1次离心运动即刻、24h、48 h、72 h、120 h、168 h和第7天末次训练后即刻24 h、48 h、72 h、120 h、168 h取股四头肌。结果:1次离心运动后即刻和24 h、48 h,股四头肌超微结构的损伤性变化呈现渐进性加重,运动后第168 h基本上可恢复到运动前水平;7次离心训练后即刻和24 h股四头肌超微结构的损伤性变化也具有相似的趋势,但训练后168 h后仍未完全恢复;且在各个时段,7天离心训练组股四头肌的损伤性变化均比一次离心运动组更加严重。结论:重复运动所致的骨骼肌损伤具有一定的延迟现象,在1次离心运动后即刻,骨骼肌损伤从整体看并不严重,但在运动后24h出现明显的损伤性变化;48 h达到高点,而运动后7天骨骼肌损伤基本上可以恢复。连续的重复运动可能导致骨骼肌纤维的损伤产生一定的累加作用。     

体育运动中闭合性软组织损伤的中药软膏制剂初步研究——黄柏中盐酸小檗碱的提取工艺的实验研究

文章的研究目的旨在筛选黄柏中盐酸小檗碱的提取工艺的初步研究。研究方法:以冷浸、温浸、回流、超声为主要提取方法,采用高效液相色谱法测定指标成分含量、酸性染料比色法测定总生物碱含量。研究结果:文章得到黄柏的最佳提取工艺为:10倍量盐酸-70%乙醇(1:100),70℃温浸180min。研究结论:通过系统的实验研究,确定了黄柏中盐酸小檗碱的提取工艺,为治疗闭合性软组织损伤软膏剂的进一步研究提供了物质基础。     

论跨界环境损害国家责任

跨界环境损害的国家责任,是指在起源国之外的一国领土或一国管辖或控制下的其他区域引起损害时,国家应承担的责任。《人类环境宣言》和《里约宣言》宣示了“国家开发资源不得损害别国环境”的原则,这成为国家责任的依据。本文认为,该国家责任的性质不能笼统地称为过错责任或严格责任,对它应当予以区分和细化,在不同的环境污染领域有不同的应用。     

Mechanism of Antidiabetic Action of Compound GII Purified from Fenugreek (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Trigonella foenum graecum</Emphasis>) Seeds

To study the mechanism of action of water soluble compound GII purified from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds which was shown earlier to have antidiabetic effect in the subdiabetic, moderately and severely diabetic rabbits. In rabbits (1–1.5 kg bw) diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of 80 mg/kg bw of alloxan. They were fed with GII at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw daily once in the morning for 15 days in the subdiabetic and moderately diabetic and 30 days in the severely diabetic rabbits. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL + VLDL cholesterol [(LDL + VLDL)C], HDL cholesterol [(HDL)C], total tissue lipids, glycogen and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, polyol pathway) hexokinase, glucokinase, pyruvate kinase, malic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase and antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase were estimated. Liver and kidney function parameters were also estimated. Treatment with GII for 15 days in the subdiabetic and moderately diabetic rabbits and for 30 days in the severely diabetic rabbits (i) decreased the elevated lipids TC, TG, (LDL + VLDL)C and increased the decreased (HDL)C, (ii) decreased the elevated liver and heart total lipids, TC and TG, (iii) increased the decreased liver and muscle glycogen, (iv) increased the decreased hexokinase, glucokinase, pyruvate kinase, malic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, (v) decreased the increased glucose-6-phosphatase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, aldose reductase. Results thus show that treatment with GII compound purified from fenugreek seeds for 15 days in the subdiabetic and moderately diabetic and 30 days in the severely diabetic rabbits corrects the altered serum lipids, tissue lipids, glycogen, enzymes of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogen metabolism, polyol pathway and antioxidant enzymes. Histopathological abnormalities (fatty infiltration and other cellular changes) seen in the pancreas, liver, heart and kidneys were repaired after treatment with GII. In fact partially damaged pancreas was repaired. Liver and kidney function test results were normal in the GII treated animals indicating that GII treatment is safe and free from any side effects.     

拟静力试验桥墩的损伤评价

钢筋混凝土构件的抗震性能,包括强度、刚度、强度退化、刚度退化、延性、能量耗散、构件破坏等的变化规律。本文从地震作用下结构（构件）损伤评价出发,采用九个墩柱的破坏性试验数据,通过基于位移延性系数的损伤评价模型和经典损伤评价模型对试验墩柱的损伤程度进行了评价,并比较了两种评价方法的适用性。     

Three-step damage identification method based on dynamic characteristics

A three-step damage identification method based on dynamic characteristics is proposed to improve the structure reliability and security and avoid serious accident. In the proposed method, the frequency and difference of modal curvature （DMC） are used as damage indexes. Firstly, the detection of the occurrence of damage is addressed by the frequency or the square of frequency change. Then the damage location inside the structure is measured by the DMC. Finally, with the stiffness reduction rate as a damage factor, the amount of damage is estimated by the optimization algorithm. The three-step damage identification method has been validated by conducting the simulation on a cantilever beam and the shaking table test on a submerged bridge. The results show that the method proposed in this paper can effectively solve the damage identification problem in theory and engineering practice.     

Life extending control of helicopter based on dynamic inversion

The purpose of using life extending control for Black Hawk UH-60 helicopter is to make a trade-off between the handling qualities and the service life of critical components. An increase in service life span results in enhanced safety and the reduction in maintenance costs. This paper presents a design methodology of life extending control for structural durability and high performance of mechanical system, which is based on an explicit dynamic inversion control scheme. A real-time nonlinear fatigue crack growth model is built to predict fatigue damage resulting from the impact of cyclic bending stress on rotor shaft, which serves as an indicator of service life. The 4-axis gain- scheduled flight controller, whose gains are adjusted as a function of damage and flight velocity, is designed to regu- late roll attitude, pitch attitude, vertical velocity and yaw rate. The nonlinear system simulation results show that the responses can meet the requirements on ADS-33 Level 1 handling qualities and that the 4-axis decoupling control is realized. As the damage increases, the tracking performance is slightly degraded, which results in smaller transients in bending moment response.     

高职院校植物组织培养课程教学改革探讨

根据高等职业技术院校固林、固艺专业学生生物学基础知识薄弱的特点,提出了高等职业院校植物组织培养课程教学改革的具体措施：调整课程内容结构、改进教学方法、优化买验组织、强化买验教学等     

知识产权诉讼中侵权损害赔偿数额的确定——从完善程序法角度分析

国家为了加强对知识产权的保护,在北京、上海、广州设立了知识产权法院,这就需要在实体法和程序法两个层面对解决知识产权侵权以及相关问题进行科学设计和完整规划。我国的《著作权法》、《商标法》、《专利法》从实体法上完善了法院的裁判标准,但是在程序法上,尤其是在知识产权侵权诉讼中损害赔偿数额的确定方面,尚未形成针对其特殊性而设计的完整、有效的解决方案。而诉讼法理论运用的缺乏也导致司法实务中出现了很多问题,特别是诉讼证据制度亟待完善。