健美操专修学生运动损伤研究

采用问卷调查、数理统计等方法对怀化学院体育系2008、2009级健美操专修学生在健美操运动中的损伤情况进行了调查分析.结果表明:健美操专修学生的运动损伤多发生于踝关节、大腿、腕关节、膝关节、腰等部位,损伤发生的时间主要集中在1-3月份和10-12月份,损伤时期多发生在平时技术训练时.造成运动损伤有客观与主观原因两方面.针对造成运动损伤的原因提出了相应的预防措施.     

基于职业需求的《药用植物组织培养》无菌操作教学改革探究

通过对由设备配置不足导致的无菌操作练习不充分、由无菌操作实验记录缺乏规范的格式和要求导致的实验数据与记录参差不齐以及学校的无菌操作课很难和生产实际接轨等问题进行探讨,提出了《药用植物组织培养》无菌操作教学改革的建议：以职业为立足点,优化校企间的资源配置,建立职业教育平台,并且以教师为出发点,以学生为突破口,主动出击,打破常规实习惯例,实施有效手段,组织引导学生充满兴趣地进行无菌操作的实验实习。     

国家赔偿中精神损害救济方式之适用探究——基于《国家赔偿法》第35条的分析

在现代文明社会中,精神利益越来越受到人们的重视,现已成为日常生活的重要组成部分．不仅如此,法律也已经对人们的精神利益进行了保护,这集中表现为对精神损害的法律救济。然而,就我国《国家赔偿法》而言,虽然第35条明确规定了精神损害的救济方式,但是,在具体救济方式的适用规则方面却规定得不尽合理．因此,有必要在对精神损害内涵进行深入研究的基础上对不同的精神损害适用恰当的救济方式,以期真正地弥补受害人的精神损失．     

论纯粹精神损害赔偿

纯粹精神损害赔偿制度在英美法国家漫长的司法实践和理论积累的过程中,经历了从无到有,从保护范围的不断扩大到对过于宽泛的赔偿责任进行合理限制的发展路径.开启了保护受害人纯粹精神利益的重要历程,完善了民事权益的保护体系,具有一定的进步意义.相比较而言,我国在精神损害赔偿方面的立法起步较晚,相关理论和立法都相对滞后,这些不足将导致民事主体的合法权益无法得到充分的保障,同时也不利于我国社会社会主义法律体系的完善.因此,有必要在对英美法纯粹精神损害赔偿制度深入研究的基础上,借鉴其有益之处进一步完善我国现有的精神损害赔偿制度.     

遗体组织捐献利用与人格权制度创新研究

“脱离说”与“意志说”对人体组织法律性质的界定均无法解决遗体组织捐献过程中存在的法律困境。应对人格权进行适度扩张,规定只有在满足如下构成要件的情况下,人体组织才构成物,否则均属于人格权载体：首先,该人体组织需处于已经脱离人身的状态中。其次,自然人有放弃该人体组织作为人身组成部分的明确意思表示,但在该自然人仍然存活,且人体组织对该自然人已不具有任何人身或财产价值的情况下,不具有该意思表示亦可。最后,自然人为无民事行为能力人时得违背第二构成要件,不需要有明确意思表示,但该人体组织对该自然人必须已不具有任何人身或财产价值,同时其直系亲属类监护人须一致同意放弃该人体组织作为人身组成部分。这一构成要件的界定明确了遗体组织捐献时自然人行使人格权和物权处分的界限,亦明确了合法行为与非法行为的界限。     

论污染环境罪的既遂形态

污染环境罪既遂形态的判断关键在于对“严重污染环境”的理解.坚持传统的结果犯理论会导致入罪门槛过高,难免有放纵犯罪之嫌;而危险犯理论在应用于本罪时,极难就“危险状态”做出认定.《刑法》第338条所规定的污染环境行为,本身就是内涵损害的行为,且本罪要求行为达到“严重”程度方可入罪,与侮辱罪、诽谤罪等典型行为犯的构造特征契合,认定其为行为犯更符合立法者本意和司法实践的需求.     

Physical activity - an important preanalytical variable

The concentration of several biochemical and hematological biomarkers is strongly influenced by a number of preanalytical variables. Several lines of evidence attest that short, middle, and long-term exercise, as well as the relative intensity of physical effort (from mild to strenuous), may influence a broad array of laboratory variables. The amount of extracellular release and clearance from blood of most of these biomarkers is markedly influenced by the biological characteristics of the molecule(s), level of training, type, intensity and duration of exercise, and time of recovery after training. It is hence noteworthy that test results that fall outside the conventional reference ranges in athletes not only may reflect the presence of a given disease, but may frequently mirror an adaptation to regular training or changes that have occurred during and/or following strenuous exercise, and which should be clearly acknowledged to prevent misinterpretation of laboratory data. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an update about the most significant changes of some biochemical and hematological biomarkers in response to physical exercise, for appropriate interpretation of these changes in the context of physically active subjects.     

太子参组培苗瓶外生根技术研究

为了解决太子参组织培养育苗过程中周期长、生产成本高的问题,本试验采用太子参继代组培苗为试验材料,利用不同浓度和配比生根粉和生根基质对太子参继代组培苗进行瓶外生根试验,结果表明：1000mg／l生根粉和100％河沙是太子参生根诱导和壮苗培养的较佳处理浓度和基质。该试验缩短太子参育苗时间,提高组培室的周转效率,同时还可以节约人力、物力、降低生产成本。     

软组织损伤疼痛的手法治疗

临床上软组织损伤致颈肩腰腿痛等比较常见,治疗方法较多,文章主要就手法治疗方面对当前国内治疗概况作综述,以期对临床治疗颈肩腰腿痛等软组织损伤疼痛起一定参考意义。     

Prediction of segmental lean mass using anthropometric variables in young adults

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to develop and cross-validate anthropometrical prediction equations for segmental lean tissue mass (SLM). One hundred and seventeen young healthy Caucasians (67 men and 50 women; mean age: 31.9 ± 10.0 years; Body Mass Index: 24.3 ± 3.2 kg · m^?2) were included. Body mass (BM), stretch stature (SS), 14 circumferences (CC), 13 skinfolds (SF) and 4 bone breadths (BB) were used as anthropometric measurements. Segmental lean mass of both arms, trunk and both legs were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry as the criterion method. Three prediction equations for SLM were developed as follows: arms = 40.394(BM) + 169.836(CCarm-tensed) + 399.162(CCwrist) – 85.414(SFtriceps) – 39.790(SFbiceps) – 7289.190, where Adj.R ² = 0.97, P < 0.001, and standard error of estimate (SEE) = 355 g;trunk = 181.530(BM) + 155.037(SS) + 534.818(CCneck) + 175.638(CCchest) ? 88.359(SFchest) ? 147.232(SFsupraspinale) ? 46522.165, where Adj.R ² = 0.97, P < 0.001, and SEE = 1077g; and legs = 55.838(BM) + 88.356(SS) + 235.579(CCmid-thigh) + 278.595(CCcalf) + 288.984(CCankle) ? 84.954(SFfront-thigh) ? 53.009(SFmedial calf) ? 28522.241, where Adj.R ² = 0.96, P < 0.001, and SEE = 724 g. Cross-validation statistics showed no significant differences (P < 0.05) between observed and predicted SLM. Root mean squared errors were smallest for arms (362 g), followed by legs (820 g) and trunk (1477 g). These new prediction equations allow an accurate estimation of segmental lean mass in groups of young adults, but estimation errors of 8 to 14% can occur in certain individuals.