THE OOCYTE MARKET AND SOCIAL EGG FREEZING: From scarcity to singularity

Human oöcytes (eggs) have proved quite resistant to the gift system that regulates much tissue donation in the developed nations. With a few exceptions, they move from donor to recipient through incentive systems, including high rates of compensation and frank payment. Recently, women have turned in small but growing numbers to private oöcyte banking as a way to preserve and defer their fertility. This paper draws on interviews with both clinicians and clients to consider the ways that women use private banking to manage fertility. It argues that the move from purchasing third-party fertility to private banking is a move from a scarcity economy, where lack is resolved in exchange (Simmel), to an economy of singularities (Karpik) where the autologous genetic signature of the materiel renders it non-commensurable. Hence, its value can only be realised through preservation and private retention.     

论纯粹精神损害赔偿

纯粹精神损害赔偿制度在英美法国家漫长的司法实践和理论积累的过程中,经历了从无到有,从保护范围的不断扩大到对过于宽泛的赔偿责任进行合理限制的发展路径.开启了保护受害人纯粹精神利益的重要历程,完善了民事权益的保护体系,具有一定的进步意义.相比较而言,我国在精神损害赔偿方面的立法起步较晚,相关理论和立法都相对滞后,这些不足将导致民事主体的合法权益无法得到充分的保障,同时也不利于我国社会社会主义法律体系的完善.因此,有必要在对英美法纯粹精神损害赔偿制度深入研究的基础上,借鉴其有益之处进一步完善我国现有的精神损害赔偿制度.     

论污染环境罪的既遂形态

污染环境罪既遂形态的判断关键在于对“严重污染环境”的理解.坚持传统的结果犯理论会导致入罪门槛过高,难免有放纵犯罪之嫌;而危险犯理论在应用于本罪时,极难就“危险状态”做出认定.《刑法》第338条所规定的污染环境行为,本身就是内涵损害的行为,且本罪要求行为达到“严重”程度方可入罪,与侮辱罪、诽谤罪等典型行为犯的构造特征契合,认定其为行为犯更符合立法者本意和司法实践的需求.     

健美操专修学生运动损伤研究

采用问卷调查、数理统计等方法对怀化学院体育系2008、2009级健美操专修学生在健美操运动中的损伤情况进行了调查分析.结果表明:健美操专修学生的运动损伤多发生于踝关节、大腿、腕关节、膝关节、腰等部位,损伤发生的时间主要集中在1-3月份和10-12月份,损伤时期多发生在平时技术训练时.造成运动损伤有客观与主观原因两方面.针对造成运动损伤的原因提出了相应的预防措施.     

基于职业需求的《药用植物组织培养》无菌操作教学改革探究

通过对由设备配置不足导致的无菌操作练习不充分、由无菌操作实验记录缺乏规范的格式和要求导致的实验数据与记录参差不齐以及学校的无菌操作课很难和生产实际接轨等问题进行探讨,提出了《药用植物组织培养》无菌操作教学改革的建议：以职业为立足点,优化校企间的资源配置,建立职业教育平台,并且以教师为出发点,以学生为突破口,主动出击,打破常规实习惯例,实施有效手段,组织引导学生充满兴趣地进行无菌操作的实验实习。     

Antioxidant-rich beetroot juice does not adversely affect acute neuromuscular adaptation following eccentric exercise

This study examined the effects of beetroot juice on the repeated bout effect (RBE) to eccentric exercise. Twenty-nine recreationally active males performed two bouts of 100-drop jumps, separated by 14–21 days. Using a double-blind, independent groups design, participants consumed either a higher dose beetroot juice (H-BT; 250 ml, n = 10), a lower dose beetroot juice (L-BT; 125 ml, n = 9) or an isocaloric placebo (PLA; 250 ml, n = 10) for 3 days after bout 1; no drinks were consumed after bout 2. Maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC), countermovement jump (CMJ), pressure-pain threshold (PPT) and creatine kinase (CK) were measured pre, post, 24, 48 and 72 h following both bouts. In bout 2, CMJ and MIVC recovered quicker and CK activity was attenuated (versus bout 1) (P < 0.05) in all groups, demonstrating an RBE. At 24 h post bout 1, MIVC was 84.1 ± 16.1, 83.6 ± 11.6, 79.7 ± 15.1% relative to baseline values in the H-BT, L-BT and PLA groups, respectively; at 24 h post bout 2, MIVC recovered to 90.7 ± 13.7, 92.9 ± 6.9, 87.8 ± 6.9, in the H-BT, L-BT and PLA groups, respectively. These findings suggest that supplementation with antioxidant-rich beetroot juice does not adversely affect acute adaptations to a bout of eccentric exercise.     

身体成分研究的10大问题

摘要：理解身体成分对于理解人体健康、疾病和功能至关重要。身体成分的研究集中在评估方法的改进、对随着生长发育和老龄化身体成分正常变化的描述、以及由于疾病和计划性干预带来的身体成分的变化。每个关注点都很重要,从某种意义上来说,它们是相互依赖的。因为技术的进步使得更多复杂的问题被解决,反过来也推动研究方法的更好发展。尽管基础性的问题仍然存在,但每个领域里都有了明显进步。例如：生长发育的轨迹往往用横断面数据进行评估,考虑到也需要长期观察性资料,因此,也需要纵向描述性数据。随着实验室方法的改进,场地测试方法的发展对于筛选受试者和临床实践仍然具有重要意义。尽管已经认识到了干预应答存在广泛个体差异,但结果的均值仍然受到重视。随着技术的进步,可以研究引起身体成分变化的遗传和非遗传因素,但这些技术需要先应用于长期、控制严格的试验。在本文中,我们提出了该领域需要进行研究的10大问题,以推动该领域的发展。     

The Frozen Archive,or Defrosting Derrida

What does freezing human tissue and fluids, or human remains, do to the mobility, temporality, and value of such objects? While Jacques Derrida toward the end of his life considered the consequences for the remainder of burial and cremation, he did not consider freezing, the production of latent or interrupted life. Here I invoke Derrida in discussion of how in the investigation of the fatal brain disease kuru, the partible tissues of the Fore people of Papua New Guinea became frozen spectral commodities in the exchange regimes of modern biomedical science – and how they gained, or retained, value as they were objectified. I follow these Fore – or kuru – valuables into the frozen archive, asking what has become of the remainder, whether it now amounts to anything more than defrosting debris among the postcolonial ruins. I ask what is the value of latent life? Or, rather, who is the value of latent life? This essay therefore serves as a supplement to more economistic estimates of biovalue.     

亮毛杜鹃组织培养技术研究初探

本文主要研究了亮毛杜鹃组织培养过程中表面灭菌剂和培养基的选取。实验通过H2O2、Br2(溴水)、NaC1O、HgCl2四种表面灭菌剂对亮毛杜鹃灭菌效果的比较，得到HgCl2的灭菌效果好；同时用四种培养基分别对茎尖、叶片、花芽和带侧芽的茎端作组织培养，得到叶片在1／l0MS培养基中生长状况良好。     

活性碳在半夏组织培养中的使用

在半夏成熟叶片的初代培养中,使用０．２５￣０．５％的活性碳对材料褐变有抑制作用;而加入活性碳对半夏试管苗的伸长有促进,但不同浓度差异不显著;０．０５￣０．２５％的活性碳能降低半夏玻化苗率,１％的活性碳则对苗的生长有抑制。