郑州市机动车新车入户量预测研究

对郑州市2009～2012年机动车新车入户量的数据进行一阶弱化算子处理,然后建立新车入户量的灰色模型GM(1,1),并预测了未来5年郑州市机动车新车入户量.     

Institutional complementarities: The origins of experimentation in China’s plug-in electric vehicle industry

A vast literature on technology transitions within industries suggests that early phases of new technologies are marked by periods of intense experimentation, but we know little about the conditions under which these periods emerge. We apply inductive, grounded theory-building techniques to examine what prompts firms to experiment across one emerging technology platform—plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs)—in China. Triangulating annual vehicle make and model sales data from 2003 to 2016 (plus monthly data from 2010 to 2016); 112 English and Mandarin archival documents from industry, academic, and news outlets; and 51 semi-structured interviews with industry, government, and academic stakeholders, we develop four in-depth case studies. We find that in contrast to the innovation trajectories of multinational and Chinese arms of joint venture (JV) firms, independent domestic Chinese firms (those with no history of international JV partnerships) are undertaking significant experimentation across multiple levels—infrastructure, core system, subsystem, and component—of the emerging PEV technology platform. We propose the concept of “institutional complementarities” to describe how interactions among institutions—here the national JV regulation and local market support and subsidies—may have turned regional markets into protected laboratories, extending the incubation periods for independent domestic firm experimentation. While this diverse experimentation may be an important antecedent of technology transition, consolidation induced by national policy standardization or competitive pressure may be required for PEV innovations to scale beyond their early, protected regional markets.     

新能源汽车产业的政策保护与利基构建——基于多层次产业演化的分析

依据产业演化观点,将新能源汽车视为是在原有交通运输体系中出现的利基,探究社会技术体系的转变和产业政策的保护性作用对新能源汽车利基演化的影响。研究结果表明,在利基层次上,存在着新能源汽车技术利基向市场利基的演化过程,且技术利基宽度与市场利基宽度显著正相关。在社会技术体系层次上,一方面产业政策所形成的保护性空间有助于新能源汽车技术转化,另一方面反映社会技术转变的因素对新能源汽车利基的形成具有显著影响,其中新能源汽车产销比和废气治理投入与市场利基的形成负相关,而燃油价格、消费者购买力和基础设施建设水平与市场利基的形成正相关。据此提出根据产业演化阶段和层次设计产业政策的思路和方案。     

Committee standards battles in the era of convergence: Implications for smart systems

By now, there have been many standards battles fought within the same industry or by multiple industries in the market-based standardization. In these battles, incompatible standards compete to win market dominance. While there is some research on standards battles found within a single committee, competitions in the committee-based standardization between standards from different committees or SDOs are underexplored. This paper categorizes the types of standards battles by the mode of standardization and the heterogeneity of actors. A new type referred to as ‘committee standards battles for converging systems’ is introduced and the dynamics of such battles is explored with two cases. The battle between the electric vehicle charging and the smart meter communication standard and the battle between two different vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication standards are analyzed. The failure in achieving compatibility between different committee standards on the same frequency bands results in communication interference that adversely affects the operation of smart systems. Social incompatibilities between actors and alliances from a mix of industries with vested interests towards a particular standard complicate the battling scene. The findings provide implications in terms of heterogeneity, actors, and government role in standards battles.     

Blind spot detection using vision for automotive applications

This paper describes a vision-based system for blind spot detection （BSD） in intelligent vehicle applications. A camera is mounted in the lateral mirror of a car with the intention of visually detecting cars that are located in the so-called blind spot and cannot be perceived by the vehicle driver. The detection of cars in the blind spot is carried out using computer vision techniques, based on optical flow and a double-stage data clustering technique for robust vehicle detection.     

小比例尺航片制作正射影像的方法研究

利用1：50000～1：60000航片制作1：10000正射影像的实验性方法正处于研究阶段．探讨了在实验中保证正射影像精度的实施方案,如DEM数据采集和影像镶嵌、匀色的关键技术的解决方法．对利用1：50000-1：60000航片制作1：10000正射影像的关键问题进行了分析。并提出了解决方案．     

面向智能车的新型电子液压制动系统设计与分析

针对传统液压制动系统应用场景受限的问题,面向智能车设计新型电子液压制动系统,由车辆配备的智能驾驶系统将制动信号传递给制动系统,制动系统由助力制动子系统和备份制动子系统组成,两系统之间通过单向导通梭阀完成解耦。利用系统硬件在环实验,分析电子液压制动系统的动态特性。实验结果表明:影响电子液压制动系统建压响应性与精度的因素众多,为使得系统可以快速响应,应确保整车制动管路排气良好,尽量避免使用制动软管?同时,不宜长时间进行高压力保压工况,避免电机及电机驱动器过热从而降低制动效能。     

财政补贴退出后的多主体创新网络运行机制仿真分析

财政补贴能够有效推进技术进步,但到一定时段应及时退出,代之以新的政策设计,不然会产生挤出效应,造成创新投入不足。本文把创新网络分为大幅度财政补贴阶段、财政补贴减少过程阶段和财政补贴退出后阶段三种情形,采用多智能主体Blanche平台进行仿真实验,对财政补贴退出前后的创新网络运行机制进行了仿真比较,分析了不同动力情形下的创新网络演化特征,为多主体创新网络运行机制设计提供了支持。     

公共交通车辆的合理调度模型研究

公共交通系统是城市交通规划中一个很重要的子系统。公共交通系统的合理规划与管理，是实现城市化的重要条件，也是促进国民经济全面发展的重要组成部分。针对城市公共交通的构成及公共交通系统的特点，建立了公共交通车辆合理调度的模型，该模型为合理调度公共交通车辆提供了有效的辅助决策手段。     

面向创新的科技情报服务与支撑--以新能源汽车为例

在创新驱动发展中,为创新主体提供高质量的科技创新资源保障与支撑是各级科技信息机构的职责。要能够更好的完成这一职责,专业化的科技信息机构需要具备“资源、工具、专家、团队”四个基本要素,既要能够满足“大众创新万众创业”的一般性科技信息需求,又要能够根据不同行业和客户的特殊需求,提供个性化的科技情报服务。本文以新能源汽车行业的创新需求为例,分析了不同信息来源的差别性以及各类情报服务的优缺点,从满足客户需求的角度,提供了不同的信息服务解决方案。