Problematising the role of the white researcher in social justice research

This article contributes to the debate on decolonising methodologies in qualitative research by considering how a white researcher can try and destabilise white supremacy when explicitly conducting research with social justice aims. It draws on data from a recent ethnographic study of minority ethnic pupils’ experiences in secondary schools in England and interrogates the tensions between the research aim to challenge racial stereotyping in education and issues of race and power emerging from the research process. This article investigates specifically the ways in which interaction is shaped by – frequently hidden, particularly to those privileged by them – structures of white supremacy. Developing an innovative analytical framework which draws on insights from both critical race theory and the work of Judith Butler, the researcher problematises issues of voice and representation in conducting social justice research. It is argued that an approach which engages with elements of both structural and post-structural theory allows a more critical exploration of white supremacy through an understanding of the performativity of race. The author works towards a possible research methodology which not only takes into account, but also tries to destabilise processes of white supremacy in research by both recognising participants’ efforts to do this, and trying to make researchers better able to take responsibility for their own complicity in perpetuating unequal racial structures. It is argued that such a recognition by white researchers will necessarily be an uncomfortable process.     

绿色化治理白色污染,加快生态文明建设

白色污染的泛滥和蔓延,危害着人类的健康和动物生命的安全,严重破坏着生态环境.治理"白色污染",消灭"白色公害"已成为全球共识.我国是塑料制品生产和消费的大国,白色污染严重.为此,提出了绿色化治理白色污染的整体构想:全面推进政府职能革命,引导、鼓励和扶持社会各方积极开展白色污染治理技术开发、研发新型可降解塑料和绿色环保的塑料替代品以及废旧塑料的循环利用技术的实践创新;执行环境管制,加快生态文明建设,走循环经济、科学发展和可持续发展的道路,彻底遏制白色污染.主要对策包括:切实提高民众环保意识,完善相关法规制度,实施相应经济政策,加强对产业部门的管理,回收循环利用废旧塑料,积极研发可降解塑料,推广和普及绿色包装.从而逐渐恢复生态环境,加快生态文明建设,让我们的祖国更加美丽,生活更加美好.     

非特定环境下去噪性能的分析

语音信号是一种非线性时变的信号,因此在传输和存储过程中,很容易受到外界环境的干扰,最主要的是高斯白噪声的干扰。本文针对语音信号的噪声特点,提出在非特定环境下去除噪声的方法。仿真结果表明,在信噪比为63 dB的情况下,还原的语音信号能够满足我们人耳的要求,体现了该方法的一般性和可行性。     

论“白发三千丈”的阐释史

诗仙李白发出了"白发三千丈"的感叹后,引起了历代诗评家们的赞扬与认同,然而诗里的疑问也同时产生,即"白发"为何有"三千丈"之长,即使是"艺术真实",也有有违常理之处,为此历代的人们围绕这句诗做出了不同的阐释,其中有认同、有质疑。文章对这些阐释做出梳理与分析,进而发现诗歌阐释史上的诗学观念的转变与演进及耐人寻味之处。     

论乔治·奥威尔散文《马拉喀什见闻》中的蒙太奇技巧

在叙事抒情散文《马拉喀什见闻》中,乔治·奥威尔选择不同的蒙太奇镜头,生动地合成了马拉喀什人生活现状的全景图：描绘“脏”、“贫”、“惨”、“残”的生活状态,以及结尾处所隐含的各族人民觉醒的镜头。然而文中并未出现此类字样,而是通过蒙太奇手法,以其冷静而含蓄的笔触和敏锐的洞察力,辛辣地鞭笞泯灭人性的殖民者对殖民地的人民残酷剥削和奴役,表达了作者对马拉喀什人苦难生活的深切同情,对殖民主义的愤怒,同时也预见了摩洛哥等非洲殖民地的未来。     

Determining The Presence of Photocatalytic Titanium White Pigments via Embedded Paint Sample Staining: A Proof of Principle

ABSTRACT

Twentieth century paints often contain titanium dioxide and zinc oxide based white pigments that can range from photostable to highly photocatalytic. Photocatalytic pigments can cause the degradation of paint upon UV exposure, whereas photostable pigments may be benign or can protect paintings from degradation. Hence, knowing whether or not a pigment is photocatalytic is of high importance for risk assessment and the subsequent decision making process concerning storage and exposure conditions of objects. Here we present a proof of principle, focused on titanium white paints, for an easy-to-use and low-tech application of a commercial photocatalytic activity indicator ink (PAII) on embedded paint samples or cross sections. This test determines, qualitatively, if a photocatalytic pigment is present in a white paint sample. The PAII paint sample staining application shows an obvious color change, within five minutes of UV irradiation, for paint samples containing photocatalytic pigments. A microscope with a camera and a UV source are the only necessary equipment for the application of this method. A quantitative image processing protocol is also proposed as an extension of the staining method by applying open source software analysis to measure the color change using photographs. The test was evaluated on reference paints with well-characterized pigments and applied on samples from modern paintings by Piet Mondriaan, Robert Ryman, and Lucebert, indicating the presence of harmful photocatalytic pigments in these cases. The novel application of a commercial ink on paint samples offers a simple test, not just for assessment of photocatalytic activity of titanium white pigments, but which may in future be applied for the detection of photoactive forms of zinc white and other potentially harmful semiconductor pigments in art objects.     

肌肉红白纤维辨析

两类肌纤维LDH同功酶的差别在于不仅能决定它们的代谢方式,且红纤维的LDH可帮助白纤维在运动中产生其本身难以氧化的乳酸。因两类肌纤维肌球蛋白———ATP酶活性的差别,决定它们的收缩速度不同。又由于肌肉具有不同纤维类型相互转化的遗传潜力等,人体在发育中的分化问题和神经纤维类型的分化是否会受一定遗传控制。如果对这些问题都一并加以研究,将有助于更好地揭示两类肌纤维能否转化的问题。     

Ethnicity as a Moderator of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Physical Activity in College Students

Most college students do not meet physical activity (PA) guidelines, and ethnic disparities exist. The present study examined the utility of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in explaining PA intentions and behavior in black and white college students and whether any TPB relationships were moderated by ethnicity. Black (n = 170) and white (n = 180) students completed a baseline TPB questionnaire and PA assessment 2 weeks later. Hierarchical latent variable regression analyses showed that affective attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were significant predictors of intention for both ethnic groups, whereas the PBC-intention relationship was significantly stronger for white students. Intention significantly predicted PA for both ethnic groups. Furthermore, common and ethnic-specific beliefs were identified.     

浅析《白夜行》中的主人公形象塑造

推理小说《白夜行》以其独特的忧郁基调和主人公之间爱而不能的感情纠葛向读者讲述了一个残酷的爱情故事,从而突破了传统推理小说的写作思路,而更多地着眼于人性和社会问题,掀起了日本推理小说的又一高潮。