灌河水文特性分析

介绍了灌河的概况,对灌河的潮位、潮流量、泥沙等变化特点及规律进行了分析论证。     

探讨濮阳黄河河段防洪对策

黄河濮阳段位于黄河河南段最下游,从濮阳县渠村乡入境,流经濮阳、范县、台前三县的21个乡（镇）,于台前县吴坝乡张庄流入山东省,河道长度167．5km。由于近年来黄河下游长时间小流量过水,因此加重了下游河道淤积,河槽排洪、输沙等基本功能急剧降低,漫滩流量减小,东坝头～陶城埠断面河段长约200km已形成“二级悬河”。     

黄河下游泥沙淤积对洪水的影响

黄河下游河道逐年淤积抬高，河道断面萎缩，过流能力降低，漫滩流量大幅度减小，致使黄河洪水出现小流量、高水位、大险情的特点．通过对黄河下游的泥沙淤积规律的认识，以黄河下游洪水不同时期水位的变化、洪水传播时间的变化以及漫滩流量和削峰作用的变化来论述下游河道淤积对洪水特性的影响．     

Multi-Objective Optimization of Water-Sedimentation-Power in Reservoir Based on Pareto-Optimal Solution

A multi-objective optimal operation model of water-sedimentation-power in reservoir is established with power-generation, sedimentation and water storage taken into account. Moreover, the inertia weight self-adjusting mechanism and Pareto-optimal archive are introduced into the particle swarm optimization and an improved multi-objective particle swarm optimization (IMOPSO) is proposed. The IMOPSO is employed to solve the optimal model and obtain the Pareto-optimal front. The multi-objective optimal operation of Wanjiazhai Reservoir during the spring breakup was investigated with three typical flood hydrographs. The results show that the former method is able to obtain the Pareto-optimal front with a uniform distribution property. Different regions (A, B, C) of the Pareto-optimal front correspond to the optimized schemes in terms of the objectives of sediment deposition, sediment deposition and power generation, and power generation, respectively. The level hydrographs and outflow hydrographs show the operation of the reservoir in details. Compared with the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II), IMOPSO has close global optimization capability and is suitable for multi-objective optimization problems. LI Hui, born in 1981, male, doctorate student. Supported by National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No.50725929) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50539060,50679052).     

黄土高原淤地坝宁夏工程建设启动

宁夏日报报道 2003年，国家水利建设“三大亮点”工程之一的黄土高原淤地坝宁夏工程建设昨日正式启动。这项工程国家一期规期投入100亿，我区2003年已得到国家2500万元专项资金扶持。     

Predicting Siltation in Entrance Channel Based on Wind Conditions

The siltation induced by wind waves in an entrance channel is one of the prime factors influencing the operation efficiency of a port.It is necessary to predict the siltation accurately for dredging and ship operation passing through the entrance of the port.However,it is difficult to apply the traditional method to predicting entrance siltation because of its complex computational procedure and lacking the data of ocean dynamic elements in the specified sea area.From the view of energy conservation,a direct relationship between wind conditions and sediment deposition can be founded.On the basis of the above methodology,an empirical formula expressed by wind conditions for forecasting the siltation in the entrance channel is set up.The wind conditions are easily obtained from the local meteorological stations or weather maps,so the formula established in this paper is more convenient and practical than the traditional method.A case study is provided,in which the emopirical formula is calibrated and verified utilizing the measured wind and siltation conditions in the entrance channel of the port.Comparisons between computed values and measured data show satisfactory agreement.     

渭河下游冲淤变化与潼关高程的关系分析

对渭河下游河势及水文状况的多年变化情况进行了介绍和分析,分析认为三门峡水库的修建,使渭河水流变缓,挟沙能力降低,中游大量泥沙在渭河入黄河口大量堆积,造成潼关高程显著抬升,渭河水平面升高,这是渭河下游淤积严重的重要原因。洪水期渭河过流能力急剧减小,防洪能力十分严峻。通过资料分析表明,渭河各段淤积量与潼关高程呈现出一种线形相关规律,由此得出降低三门峡水库运行水位,从而降低潼关高程,减小渭河下游泥沙淤积,提高渭河过水能力,对渭河流域防洪减灾有重要的现实意义。