International teachers negotiating 21st century science classrooms: a question of hybridized identities and pedagogical imaginaries

International high school science teachers are crossing international and cultural borders to teach, raising important issues in education. In this article, we describe the cross-cultural assessment challenges that four international science teachers encountered when they migrated to teach in the United States. These included differences in grade expectations for a given quality of work, the weight given to final examinations, the assessment process, and cutoff scores for letter grades. To become proficient in their new teaching contexts, the participating teachers had to modify (or hybridize) their assessment philosophies and practices in order to conform to the expectations of their new schools. This hybridization process ushered them into what is proposed as the Pedagogical imaginary; a transitional space between the ``purity' of their native educational conventions and that of their American schools. The implications of these findings are discussed in hopes of improving high school science teaching experiences for international science teachers. Deborah J. Tippins is a Professor in the Department of Mathematics and Science Education at the University of Georgia. She served as a Fulbright Scholar in the Philippines where she continues to explore notions of community-based science education. Her research interests include culturally relevant pedagogy, case-based science teaching and learning and post-structuralist feminist pedagogy and research. She is intensively involved in professional development of PreK-8 science teachers. In her spare time she likes to play tennis, travel and take her dog for long walks. Lorie Hammond is an Associate Professor in the Department of Teacher Education at California State University at Sacramento. Her work centers on community-based multicultural science education. For the past 10 years she has been leading action research projects centered in school-community gardens in diverse urban schools which serve as food security, oral history, science education, and service learning sites involving children, parents, teachers, and pre-service teachers. Lorie just co-edited a book, Innovations in educational ethnography: Theory, methods and results (2006), with George Spindler, and is finishing a book on how teachers can teach and learn with immigrant communities. She has recently been engaged in ethnographic and international research with immigrant women, developing relational and equalizing models of teaching and learning in immigrant communities. Charles B. Hutchison is an Assistant Professor at The University of North Carolina at Charlotte. He is the author of the book, Teaching in America: A cross-cultural guide for international teachers and their employers, and the upcoming book, Teaching diverse and urban learners: Research, best practices, and lesson planning. He is the recipient of Recognition and Key to the City of Boston, and has appeared on, or been featured by local and international news media. He was recently invited to participate in the Oxford Round Table at Oxford University, England. He teaches and provides professional development in science education, cross-cultural and urban education, and instructional strategies for diverse learners.     

汉英彩色词的语义差异及翻译

在跨文化交流中，由于汉英两种文化和历史背景的不同，对颜色词的使用和理解上也存在着差异。本文就汉英两种语言中彩色词的语义差异进行分析对比，探讨他们的共同之处及各自特点，掌握他们的内涵象征意义，注意翻译的不对应性，以便在跨文化交流中更好地应用彩色词。     

谈非语言交际中的体态语

在非语言交际领域,正如在语言交际领域一样,化起着重要的支配作用。本就“体态语”这一非语言交际的重要组成部分在化交流中的影响,来说明非语言交际与化差异的密切关系,并进一步指出：无论是在日常的交际中或是在外语教学中,都应充分认识到这点,才能有效地提高跨化的结果。     

变容二极管调频器获得线性调频的条件

导出变容二极管调频器获得线性调频的条件,并讨论其调制灵敏度．     

Why not Intercultural Education?

Now more than ever teachers and those in teacher training positions are being confronted with the prevalence of multicultural and multilingual classroom environments. Along with this presence, they also face international and national policies which call for effective and successful strategy building for coping with diverse settings. This appeal often manifests with an inability on the teacher＇s part to effectively facilitate these multicultural classrooms, as well as an inability on the students＇ part to interact and finally contribute to a larger national and global goal of intercultural cooperation. A growing body of research suggests that as those in the field of teaching and teacher education seek to improve classroom techniques, curricula, and teaching practice in the area of diversity they continue to face disparaging and almost disillusioning results. What were traditionally seen as venues in dealing with issues in multiculturalism and diversity through multicultural education have been left unanswered？ The purpose of this article thus seeks to explore the pedagogical concept of intercultural education as a way to suggest discourse of dealing with the challenges to diversity in the classroom.     

Sensitivity analyses of cables to suspen-dome structural system

The construction of the cables is a key step for erecting suspen-dome structures. In practical engineering, it is difficult to ensure that the designed pre-stresses of cables have been exactly introduced into the structures in the site; so it is necessary to evaluate the influence of the variation of the pre-stresses on the structural behavior. In the present work, an orthogonal design method was employed to investigate the pre-stressed cables' sensitivity to the suspen-dome system. The investigation was concentrated on a Kiewitt suspen-dome. Parametric studies were carried out to study the sensitivity of the structure's static behavior, dynamic behavior, and buckling loads when the pre-stresses in the cables varied. The investigation indicated that suspen-dome structures are sensitive to the pre-stresses in all cables; and that the sensitivity depended on the location of the cables and the kind of structural behavior. Useful suggestions are given at the end of the paper.     

跨文化电子邮件交流对学生英语写作能力的影响

电子邮件的核心价值在于用户利用互联网达到快速便捷地传递信息和沟通的目的。电子邮件在教学中传递作业、分享资讯、同侪讨论、合作学习、便于师生与家长沟通等功能已为越来越多的教育工作者所认同。这为大学英语教学突破传统的"教师灌输——学生被动接受"模式、充分利用网络信息技术促进英语教学改革提供了新的思路。以兰州交通大学非外语专业的大一新生英语写作教学为例,对实验组和对照组分别采取跨文化电子邮件交流和传统纸笔写作教学方式实施对比教学研究,结果显示:跨文化电子邮件交流显著提高了学生的写作水平,尤其是写作的流利性和准确性;也增强了学生的内在学习动机。教师在跨文化电子邮件交流之前应进行精心策划,交流过程持续的时间不宜太短,应及时发现学生在交流过程中出现的问题,扮演好监督者的角色。     

基于DMI模型的大学生跨文化交际能力分层培养模式

在DMIS模型基础上,结合我国现阶段大学生跨文化交际能力教学缺乏分层培养的实际,指出跨文化交际能力发展的六个层次和与之相适应的培养目标、教学策略以及评估方式。     

基于ERSM涡轮盘径向变形的非线性动态概率分析

为了准确设计高压涡轮盘和叶尖间隙,从概率的角度进行了涡轮盘径向变形的分析。介绍了高精度高效率的非线性动态概率分析的极值响应面方法(Extremum Response Surface Method, ERSM),并建立了其数学模型。考虑材料属性和边界条件的非线性,以及热载荷和离心载荷的动态性,基于ERSM对涡轮盘径向变形进行了非线性动态概率分析,得到了输入输出参数的分布特征和影响涡轮盘径向动态变形的主要因素。最后,通过方法比较,验证了ERSM在保证计算精度的前提下能大大提高计算速度,节约计算时间,改善计算效率。为进行更有效的涡轮盘设计和优化,改善叶尖间隙设计和控制的合理性提供了有效依据。      

Further Testing of a New Model of Intercultural Communication Competence

Recently, a new model of intercultural communication was proposed and later empirically tested (Arasaratnam, 2004 Arasaratnam , L. A. ( 2004 ). Intercultural communication competence: Development and empirical validation of a new model . Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association , New Orleans , LA . [Google Scholar]; Arasaratnam & Doerfel, 2005 Arasaratnam , L. A. & Doerfel , M. L. ( 2005 ). Intercultural communication competence: Identifying key components from multicultural perspectives . International Journal of Intercultural Relations , 29 , 137 – 163 . [CSA] [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). The present study was designed to further test the model and address the limitations of the previous test. Survey data were collected from participants (N = 400) and analyzed using regression analyses. The results mostly supported the previous model. These results plus some new findings in the relationship between empathy and intercultural communication competence are discussed.