来华留学生跨文化适应策略与影响因素的相关研究——基于对在杭州日本留学生调查数据的分析

文化适应问题成为各国学者关注的焦点.本研究旨在探索中国文化环境下留学生的文化适应问题.通过选取杭州高校的50名日本留学生进行调查,探索他们采取的文化适应策略以及影响因素与策略的相关性.结果发现,整合策略应用最广,其次是分离和同化,边缘化是最不受欢迎的策略;不同策略在性别上的发展趋势略有不同.研究还发现,策略与个体认知方式与社会支持呈显著相关,而与跨文化接触无显著相关;男女群体中进行比较,相关性也有差异.     

Teachers’ intercultural competence: a requirement or an option in a culturally diverse classroom?

This paper reports an exploratory study of the development of intercultural competence (IC) in elementary school teachers in Catalonia, Spain, utilising mixed-method quantitative and qualitative assessments. Through enrolment in a teacher training activity, the starting point was the administration of the Intercultural development inventory (IDI) to assess IC. Later, a discussion group was held to reflect on the results of the evaluation and to discuss educational practices in the face of cultural diversity. The quantitative IDI findings indicated that, regardless of the presence of foreign origin students at schools, participant teachers overestimate their level of intercultural sensitivity; there is a tendency to emphasise similarities in all cultures, which can minimise significant cultural differences. Nevertheless, the teachers became interested in cultural diversity after considering their potentially controversial and problematic educational context. Beyond admitted limitations of this study, inherent to small-scale methodological approach, our practice-based reflective proposal highlights obstacles and potentialities for managing cultural diversity in the classroom. These findings support the conclusion that IC is distributed throughout members of a community rather than being strictly an individual attribute. At the same time, the study thus demonstrates a mixed-method training design as an effective means of developing and assessing IC.     

Elite tennis player sensitivity to changes in string tension and the effect on resulting ball dynamics

Eighteen elite male tennis players were tested to determine their ability to identify string tension differences between rackets strung from 210 N (47 lb) to 285 N (64 lb). Each player impacted four tennis balls projected from a ball machine before changing rackets and repeating the test. Eleven participants (61%) could not correctly detect a 75 N (17 lb) difference between rackets. Only two participants (11%) could correctly detect a 25 N (6 lb) difference. To establish whether varying string tensions affected ball rebound dynamics, the ball’s rebound speed and landing position were analysed. The mean rebound ball speed was 117 km h⁻¹, with only the trials from the 210 N racket producing significantly lower (P < 0.05) rebound speeds than the 235 N and 260 N rackets. This is contrary to previous laboratory-based tests where higher rebound speeds are typically associated with low-string tensions. The anomaly may be attributable to lower swing speeds from participants as they were not familiar with such a low string tension. Ball placement did not appear related to string tension, with the exception of more long errors for the 235 N racket and fewer long errors for the 285 N racket. It was concluded that elite male tennis players display limited ability to detect changes in string tension, impact the ball approximately 6% faster than advanced recreational tennis players during a typical rallying stroke, and that ball placement is predominantly unrelated to string tension for elite performers.     

Learning in the contact zone: revisiting neglected aspects of development through an analysis of volunteer placements in Indonesia

Development rhetoric sometimes appears to take little account of the contingencies of relationships, activities and events, as if human interaction and understanding is being written out of the process. At the same time, practices such as volunteering, which foreground the human subjects involved in development, are often ignored by development professionals, despite (or perhaps because of) the high proportion of development agency staff who are themselves former volunteers. In this paper, a framework is developed which foregrounds this interactive and human dimension, illuminating its significance more clearly in the development process. This way of looking at development processes is the result of a four‐year field‐based study of volunteer teachers, hospital staff and development workers from the global North working with colleagues in Indonesian schools, hospitals and non‐government organizations. Working and interacting together is seen to involve participants in an active and often conflictual learning process. Through three typical stages (awareness of contradiction, transgression and negotiation), volunteers and their colleagues learn about the social boundaries in the context in which they participate, and about how they and other participants are themselves positioned in relation to these boundaries. The argument proposed here is that opportunities for such contextualized and emergent learning is essential if participants in development are to engage in robust and well‐informed collaborative actions in a particular development context.     

中国国家旅游形象跨文化传播战略纵论

随着传媒全球化时代的强势来袭,国家形象和国家旅游形象问题日益成为国际传播和国际旅游领域里的研究热点,成为政府官员、专家学者和普通民众普遍关注的一个极富理论价值和实践意义的重大课题。为制定与完善中国国家旅游形象跨文化传播的国家战略,必须立足于全球传播语境的国家形象战略高度,实施中国国家旅游形象跨文化传播的"全球本土化"战略,并贯彻落实中国国家旅游形象的跨文化全球整合营销传播战略,以解决中国国家形象与国家旅游形象跨文化传播过程中的"中国形象"和"自我东方化"等跨文化问题。     

基于最小二乘支持向量机算法的小地锚抗拔承载力研究

目的：基于最小二乘支持向量机算法预测小地锚的抗拔承载力。方法：最小二乘支持向量机算法中的输入参数包括等效地锚直径,地锚埋置深度,平均顶椎阻力,平均椎套摩擦力以及安装工艺。使用现场试验的119组数据中的83组数据进行最小二乘支持向量机回归模型分析,并使用剩余的36组数据测试模型的拟合良好性;同时用敏感度分析研究每个输入参数的作用。结论：通过与人工神经网络模型的对比,发现最小二乘支持向量机的性能表现优异。     

An Intercultural Partnership for Social Justice in the Rio Grande Valley TX Colonias

This article details how an intercultural partnership between a grassroots nonprofit organization and a critical cultural communication scholar was forged and maintained via complementary epistemic stances of engagement. The NPO members’ stance was grounded in la consciencia broadly defined and border logics linked to the use of emotive narratives and strategic Spanish, while for myself an ethic of speaking with was comprised of self-reflexivity, self-examination of positionalities, dialogic relationship building, and an enactment of care in representing community members. Ultimately, tuning into the importance of decoloniality via an ethic of speaking with and the necessary strategy of delinking allowed for two intercultural partners to work together toward social justice in the borderlands.     

影视欣赏与跨文化交际教学

大部分人对于跨文化交际教学中的电影教学存在一个共同误区,认为电影是一个传授手段,利用影片教学就是放放电影,其效果十分有限。而实际上,如果我们把影片视为一个实践手段,一个自我评估手段,影片教学这个方法的效果也许不是那么有限。在教学进行到一定程度的时候播放了《刮痧》这部影片,学生运用所学知识对此进行跨文化差异分析,把影片教学当作一个实践手段和评估手段,不仅解答了学生对与该课程实际意义的困惑,而且进一步激发了学生学习跨文化交际学的兴趣。     

Intercultural communication between Chinese college students and foreign teachers through the English corner at an elite language university in Shanghai

This paper uses an ethnographic approach and draws critical pedagogical and sociolinguistic insights from Pierre Bourdieu to explore Chinese college students’ participation in an English Corner program at an elite language university in Shanghai. Accordingly, this paper promotes scholarly conversations about intercultural communication between Chinese college students and foreign teachers from English-speaking countries. By underpinning the concepts of intercultural capital, this paper analyzes these themes: (a) linguistic habitus and capital in the stratified field of elite language education; (b) articulating English proficiency; (c) bridging cultural distance and improving intercultural competence; and (d) personal growth and professional development. This paper critically interprets Chinese college students’ benefits and mutual relationships with foreign faculty from English-Speaking Countries; how they cultivated intercultural capital in the field of elite education beyond linguistic capital, how they strove to maintain their accumulated capital to secure better career prospects, and what the roles of international faculty should be.     

大数据时代个人敏感信息的法律保护

随着大数据时代的到来,传统个人信息的保护架构无法全面保护个人敏感信息。从公众对信息敏感度的感知差异性以及企业经济成本的角度而言,对个人敏感信息进行区分保护有其必要性。面对大数据时代对个人敏感信息带来的挑战,应该完善法律体系,从以下几点着手:对个人敏感信息范围的界定应采取静态列举与动态情景相结合的综合考量方式;更新现有的信息保护机制;强化个人敏感信息的保护规则。