新自由主义冲击下美国社区学院的组织变革

社区学院作为美国高等教育系统至关重要的组成部分,自诞生之时起便肩负着多重教育使命,被视为美国民主的标志。在新自由主义冲击下,社区学院面临着财政危机与生源危机,教学成果也备受质疑。为此,近些年来社区学院进行了一系列的组织变革,创造有条件的免费入学,吸引生源;推动“引导路径”项目,为学生学业提供全程全方位指导;加强与四年制高校的合作,提供“保证转学”项目;同时完善自身课程体系与课程内容。这些变革反映出社区学院始终以促进学生发展为根本目的,保障弱势群体向上流动的社会通道,秉持着作为高等教育机构的组织特性,自觉抵制着新自由主义带来的负面影响。     

试论文学在英语教学中的作用

英美文学在语言、文化背景、俚语及写作等方面对提高学生英语水平都有较大帮助，因此不可忽视英美文学教育在英语教学中的积极作用。     

A Survey of Documentary Materials Available on U.S. Tribal Websites

This survey of official U.S. tribal websites examined sites for documentary materials of importance to each tribe that have been archived online, including such materials as historical essays, photos, videos, maps, newspapers, legal and historical documents, historical images, books, pamphlets, bibliographies, cultural and language materials. The materials found on those websites appear to be intended for the use of both tribal members and the general public. The result of the survey was to show that many of the same types of documentary materials held in tribal archives are also available on official websites, and to produce a current snapshot of the large array of tribal records which have been made openly available, although the length of time each document will be available on each site is unknown.     

君子和而不同——谈苏轼兄弟的异质异貌

苏轼兄弟手足情深,成为千古称美的文学佳话。然而,这种深厚的情谊并不是以二人的种种相同特质为表现形式的,在他们性情气质、文学个性、生活态度与生活方式等方面,实际存在着最重要的异质异貌特征,恰是这些“和而不同”的独特风貌,使他们在现实生活与文学生涯中,取得了适合自身个性发展和他人无法取代的成就。     

语文综合性学习中的心育艺术

综合性学习是培养学生创新精神和实践能力的最有效的途径。语文综合性学习应根据学生心理发展规律和语文学习的特点．帮助学生克服心理障碍，做到激发学生的参与热情、激励学生的进取心理、磨炼学生的意志品质、增强学生的自我效能感．从而更有效地提高学生的语文素养。     

贵在引导，要在转化，妙在开窍

做一个教书匠容易，但做一个教育则难得多，教学是一门艺术，而不仅仅是一种职业，一节课的成功与否关键在于教师，教师引导得当，才能引起学生积极思维，学生所学的知识能运用到实际中去才是教学的最终目的。     

《儒林外史》卧评和天评中的讽刺艺术论

《儒林外史》卧评和天评中的讽刺艺术论是对《儒林外史》典范性讽刺艺术的开创性研究。他们从运用讽刺手法的原因、目的、原则以及讽刺技法的使用等方面对《儒林外史》的讽刺艺术进行了全面的分析。     

试论美术教育与学生的创新思维

美术教育是教育的一个重要部分。坚持奸的、理想的美术教育，能培养学生的创造性思维，同时美术教育在基础教育中还担当着培养学生素质教育的任务。     

Results of an assessment to identify potential barriers to sustainable agriculture on American Indian reservations in the Western United States

Purpose: This paper reports the results of survey research conducted with tribal producers between 2011 and 2012 on 19 of the largest American Indian reservations in Idaho, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, and Washington. The purpose of the research was to identify potential barriers to sustainable agriculture on reservation lands. This article reports the results of this research in an effort to promote Extension professionals' understanding of these barriers, which may help to improve outreach programs on American Indian reservations. Understanding the obstacles to sustaining agriculture that American Indian tribes face may inform international agricultural outreach efforts to increase food security targeting indigenous and tribal peoples worldwide.

Design/Methodology/Approach: American Indian agricultural producers comprised the study group. Study objectives included: (1) identify agricultural and natural resource issues of greatest concern to a self-selected sample of tribal agricultural producers on reservation lands; (2) evaluate access to Extension and other US Department of Agriculture outreach and assistance programs; and (3) evaluate the quality of these programs in terms of their relativity to tribal needs.

Findings: Study results indicate that tribal agricultural producers surveyed ranked 29 of 39 agricultural and natural resource issues as a concern. Similarly, they rated access to and quality of outreach programs as fair. Further, tribal producers operating on reservation trust land rated issues more severely than did tribal producers operating on fee simple lands.

Practical Implications: Results of this research will help Extension and other outreach professionals to understand the barriers indigenous and tribal peoples face in sustaining agricultural operations, particularly tribal groups living on federally reserved trust lands, such as American Indians. An increased understanding can inform agricultural policy-makers and outreach professionals in improving programs designed to increase agricultural sustainability, improve food security, enhance economic well-being and improve quality of life of indigenous and tribal peoples worldwide.

Originality/Value: This research provides important information to agricultural policy-makers and Extension professionals striving to sustain agricultural productivity and enhance food security with indigenous and tribal peoples.     

装帧艺术设计思维断想

装帧设计是书籍艺术最直观、最在、最迷人的形式美的体现，是书籍体身物化为美失创作过程，其设计的意念构思有着它特殊的难度和特别的意义。汲取民族化，拓宽审美空间，并赋予它独特的诠释，才能创造出新的书籍艺术形态，从而建立装帧艺术的整体视觉美。