美国网络高等教育十年发展报告：现状、问题与启示

经过多年的不断发展,美国网络高等教育已走在了世界前列.文章以图表描述和分析美国高等教育第十次年度报告主要内容的基础上,探讨了其中存在的师生接受度低、质量成本控制难、辍学率高与社会认可低等多方面的问题,最后针对我国网络高等教育的未来发展提出开放学分认可、加强质量监控、推广成果应用等三个方面的启示.     

Analysis of MOOCs practices from the perspective of learner experiences and quality culture

This explanatory analysis of the relevant literature seeks to identify factors affecting quality in massive open online courses (MOOCs). The paper highlights sub-dimensions of quality in MOOCs using the ladder of analytical abstraction. Communication, trust, collaboration, inclusiveness, innovation, and commitment are identified as key elements in developing a quality culture in online education. In seeking to merge the organizational and pedagogical aspects of online education, MOOCs raise new questions concerning personalization, widening recruitment, internationalization or globalization, and lifelong learning. However, the pedagogical aspects of MOOCs remain insufficiently described and explored. As MOOCs are now a significant presence in digital education, it is essential to understand learners’ experiences and participation in such courses.     

英德美加远程高等教育运行质态及启示

英德美加等国远程高等教育取得了举世瞩目的成就,具有教育本土化、视野国际化、办 学合作化、目标对象化、招生开放化、教学信息化、媒体现代化、程序规范化、管理系统化、监督科学 化等特征。为了保障我国远程高等教育的健康发展,必须构建良好的外部支持系统、打造健康的内 部管理机制,尤其将中华民族优秀的传统文化作为远程高等教育发展的内在动力源泉,逐步形成以 国家开放大学为主导、地方开放大学为主体、普通高校为有益补充的远程高等教育运行质态,从而 推动全民学习、终身学习进程。     

MOOCs背景下大学体育课程教学的机遇、挑战与对策

采用文献资料法与访谈法,分析MOOCs(大规模开放在线课程)的理论基础、模式与特征;MOOCs给大学体育教学带来的新机遇与新挑战;MOOCs对高校体育教学改革的几点新思考.研究结论为:作为我国高校必修课之一的公共体育课,必然受到了MOOCs的冲击和其带来的严峻挑战,但在新技术条件下,通过借鉴MOOCs模式应用在其它学科成功的经验,结合大学体育课较强的实践性与技能性的特点,实现大学体育课的个性化、即时性、针对性、交互性、大规模体育教学,从而实现真正意义上的大学体育教学模式创新.尽管在实施过程中面临着许多困境,但对这个问题的研究和探索,必将有助于推进大学体育教学改革.     

联通主义学习中学习者社会网络特征研究

联通主义理论揭示了"互联网+"时代教与学的新规律,学习者社会网络的形成是联通主义学习的重要过程,因此,深刻认识联通主义理论中的社会网络规律显得尤为重要。该研究使用社会网络分析法对国内第一门cMOOC微信群中的交互数据进行收集与分析,探究了联通主义学习情境中的社会网络特征。研究发现:在宏观层面,整个课程微信群交互形成的社会网络是一个多中心的复杂网络;在中观层面,内部子结构形成了8个凝聚子群;在微观层面,度数中心性和中间中心性较高的节点(参与者)在网络中发挥着重要的联通作用。最后,从三个方面进行了总结:联通主义学习中教师是引导者、促进者,符合联通主义课程的教师观;自组织是联通主义理论的重要特征;联通主义学习者的网络地位可以反映其联通主义学习的情况。     

慕课背景下高职英语教学的创新方式研究

网络化的迅速发展,对我们的生活产生了极大的影响,同时也让我们的教学工作方式发生了很大的变化。慕课这种授课新方式就是建立在网络的基础下,这种教学手段主要是服务学习主体的,因为它在应用过程中表现出极其优秀的成绩,因此我国各大高职院校都在学习其优点。在本篇文章中,我们主要以高职教学工作中的英语教学作为基本案例,讲述了其在慕课的发展背景下所形成的一种崭新的模式,因此阐述了慕课这种新手段的基本性质以及它的概念,同时也对传统英语教学工作过程中存在的不足进行了分析,由此探究出怎样在新型教学形式中应用慕课的答案。     

Between kudzu and killer apps: Finding human ground between the monoculture of MOOCs and online mechanisms for learning

Although MOOCs have not lived up to previously breathless predictions of disruption, they have had an outsized influence on university administrators who see online learning as a “savior solution” for ever-shrinking budgets. Despite lower student persistent rates, faculty skepticism, and burdensome faculty workloads, the general public and administrative embrace of online learning has been enthusiastic, which may be explained in part using Foucault’s concept of the episteme to view the convergence of the parallel tracks of educational and technological development--the idea of a kind of mechanism for learning. While MOOCs once promised “best professors,” other institutions now promise the “best designed” mechanisms for learning, certified through corporatized quality assurance programs and learning management systems. While this may be appropriate for shopping educational products in a neoliberal marketplace, it seldom addresses human needs. Moreover, the temporal and human constraints that online promises to banish, in fact, continue to exist. Therefore, a more realistic examination of psychological and social factors, pedagogical tools, and the nature of online communication, is needed in order to create a more humane way of teaching, and learning.     

Learner engagement in MOOCs: Scale development and validation

The purpose of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of the complexity of conceptualising and measuring learner engagement in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). The paper develops and validates a MOOC engagement scale (MES) to measure learner engagement. The initial questionnaire items of the scale were developed by reviewing existing related literature and validated student engagement constructs. This was followed by a modified scale development process, including two focus group interviews (n = 10), an exploratory survey (n = 12), an expert review (n = 10), a pilot survey (n = 15), an item purification study (n = 590) and a construct validation study (n = 303). The final version of the scale is made up of four dimensions: behavioural engagement, cognitive engagement, emotional engagement and social engagement. The paper concludes with recommendations for how the MES can be used to assess the pattern of engagement in MOOCs and to investigate the relationship between learner engagement and other important MOOC teaching and learning factors.     

浅谈“慕课”在大学生心理健康教育教学中的应用价值

大学生心理健康教育是集理论知识教学、心理体验与训练为一体的教育课程,是传播心理健康知识的主阵地。“慕课”以其优势特点能够很好地解决专职教师资源不足以及教师教学水平不够而影响学生学习的问题,同时能够通过互动交流建立良好的师生关系,提高学生学习的自主性和效率,将并为心理健康教育课程改革产生巨大的促进作用。     

Exploring the relationship between clout and cognitive processing in MOOC discussion forums

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between clout and cognitive processing in massive open online course (MOOC) discussion forum posts. Cognitive processing, a category variable generated by the automated text analysis tool, Linguistic Inquiry Word Count (LIWC), is made up of six sub-scores (insight, causation, discrepancy, tentativeness, certainty and differentiation). Clout is a nontransparent summary variable in LIWC that can be used to understand the level of confidence conveyed in the text. Because clout is nontransparent, we do not know the algorithm used to calculate its value. To better understand this variable, this study examined cognitive processing alongside clout. In this study, a series of linear mixed models were fitted to evaluate, after controlling for gender, degree and type of post, if the focal relationship between each sub-score of cognitive processing as the predictor variables and clout as the dependent variable changed across courses with different pacing (self-paced or instructor-paced). Next, the focal relationship between each predictor and clout was examined with or without regard to pacing. Findings showed words classified as showing discrepancy, certainty or differentiation were negatively associated with clout scores.