The model of pre-acculturative stress—A pre-migration study of potential migrants from Russia to Finland

This study tested a model of factors predicting pre-acculturative stress among potential migrants from Russia to Finland prior to their migration (N = 244). By applying the theory of stress (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984), the model of acculturative stress (e.g., Berry, 2006) and the expectations model (e.g., [Black, 1992] and [Black et al., 1992]) to the pre-acculturation stage, it was hypothesized that the potential migrants’ pre-acculturative stress is a result of expectations about future (post-migration) adaptation. These expectations are developed through direct and indirect pre-migration contacts with, as well as knowledge about, the society of immigration. Three types of expectations during the pre-acculturation stage were studied: expected difficulties in socio-cultural adaptation, expected duration of adaptation, and expected discrimination. In line with the hypotheses, experiences of pre-acculturative stress clearly originated from the expectations that potential migrants had regarding their upcoming post-migration adaptation. Also, socioeconomic status, gender, general well-being, self-efficacy, perceived social support, and length of the pre-acculturation stage played important roles in predicting expectations and/or stress among the potential migrants. The study highlights that pre-acculturation is a complex process that begins at the pre-migration stage. It contributes to our understanding of pre-acculturation in general, as well as the factors affecting the formation of pre-acculturative stress among voluntary ethnic migrants.     

A cross-cultural comparison of expectations in romantic relationships: India and the United States

ABSTRACT

This research investigated romantic expectations in a cross-cultural comparison of India and the United States (US). The study was grounded in expectancy violations theory (EVT), which argues that expectancies are a universal phenomenon whose content is influenced by communicator, relational, and contextual factors. The expectations of romantic partners in the two countries were assessed in conjunction with relational models, sex, and gender roles in a cross-sectional study (N?=?366). Results indicated that romantic partners from the two countries placed different importance on specific expectations. Furthermore, expectations were successfully predicted by one’s culture, relational models, sex, and gender roles.     

Negotiating the transition between different teaching contexts through shared responsibility and shared reflection

This paper draws on my personal experiences with coteaching and my participation in the research described by Wassell and LaVan (2009). It examines the role of coteaching in the development of structures that afforded opportunities for shared reflection and shared responsibility between stakeholders in the classroom. It also describes how the schema and practices developed through coteaching and cogenerative dialogue helped mediate the transition between my preservice and inservice teaching experiences.

Simulation and animation for adopting shared services: Evaluating and comparing alternative arrangements

Although shared service organizations have the potential to improve government operations, the adoption of the organizational arrangements involved has been limited. Their impact may not be clear in advance and stakeholders may have conceptions about shared service arrangements. As such, there is a need for support for the adoption of shared services.     

狄更斯在小说创作中的潜意识的宣泄——解读《远大前程》的自传色彩

<远大前程>是英国著名批判现实主义作家狄更斯的代表作品之一,小说以第一人称描述了男主人公皮普"远大前程"破灭的整个过程.狄更斯在塑造皮普这一人物形象时融入了自己的生活经历和潜意识,使整个小说充满自传色彩.运用弗洛伊德潜意识理论来分析狄更斯<远大前程>的创作,对进一步认识小说中所展示的资本主义的黑暗现实和奢侈腐化的生活具有重要的现实意义.     

Shared Leadership in a Community Theater Group: Filling the Leadership Role

In contrast to research in which an individual leader is assigned or expected to emerge, musical theater productions provide an opportunity to explore how leadership is shared among the director, assistant director, music director, choreographer, and stage manager in a naturally occurring group. This ethnographic study explores how one community theater group managed the sharing of leadership roles when the primary director assumed a passive or ineffective role. The study explores the communication and affective responses of the secondary leaders and cast members when they perceived that the primary leadership failed to function and then examines how secondary leaders and cast members communicated to share the leadership to produce successful theatrical performances. The results have implications for other groups with shared leadership structures.     

Orphan drugs: Unmet societal need for non-profitable privately supplied new products

Due to the severity of rare diseases, the societal need for biopharmaceutical treatments for these diseases is high, despite low numbers of patients. Therefore, we investigated the barriers currently hindering the willingness to develop orphan drugs in the Netherlands. To this end, a robust, small sample, exploratory analysis of Dutch multi-actor development of orphan drugs was performed. Various factors that were expected to stimulate the adoption of orphan drug development were found to be important barriers. Concerted actions of producers, users, and especially regulators are necessary to overcome these barriers, but the prerequisite of a shared problem definition is lacking.     

论教师专业学习共同体的构建

教师专业学习共同体作为一种强有力的教师发展途径和促进学校变化和发展的潜在策略日益受到广泛的关注。本文从浙江师范大学外国语学院RICH教师专业学习共同体构建的实际出发,探讨在构建教师专业学习共同体过程中出现的问题,指出共同的价值观和愿景、人际关系、群体反思和民主的领导方式四者在构建教师专业学习共同体过程中不容忽视,需综合考虑,不可偏废。     

基于多模数矩阵方程设计的密钥交换方案

提出了多模数矩阵方程概念,利用矩阵直积和行拉直等概念把多模数矩阵方程转化为多模数线性方程组,得到了方程的数值解法,结合Diffie-Hellman密钥交换的思想,设计了一种基于多模数矩阵方程的密钥交换方案.最后给出数值例子验证了设计方案的可行性.     

面向对等网络的科技期刊共享

科技期刊集约化和网络化效应带来日益庞大的网络访问读户群,传播的客户/服务器模式难以满足科技期刊的共享服务,而基于对等网络的资源共享,能够显著提高期刊资源的共享度,从而加快科技信息的传播;充分利用各节点的闲置上行带宽,以节省期刊的下载时间,增强科技期刊的可操作性。提出了面向对等网络的科技期刊共享模型,对共享模型的资源管理以及运行机制作讨论,并对模型实现和应用进行研究,给出科技期刊面对P2P网络共享运行实例。最后,对该P2P共享模型进行性能优越性评估,并分析其对数据库管理单位的影响,以及讨论其对我国科技期刊集群化、集团化所起的作用。