TECHNOLOGY IN TURMOIL

The paper evaluates and extrapolates the theory of techno-economic pulses to suggest that the world is unlikely to see major technological innovations on a broad front until the end of this century. The technological understanding by managers and the supply of highly qualified scientists and engineers will be critical. Australia is not well positioned to become a high technology manufacturing nation.     

基于服装学科体系建设的海西服装创意产业人才培育模式探讨

纺织服装业是海峡西岸经济区的支柱产业,加快发展服装创意产业需要确立创意产业在行业发展中的战略性地位;营造服装创意产业发展的制度环境,充分发挥人才智力因素,培育创意人才。尤其是依托纺织服装高等院校的人才培育机制,以科学的发展观促进创新人才的培养及学科体系建设,促进高校和企业之间产、学、研的结合和项目成果的转化,努力提升海峡西岸经济区纺织服装支柱产业水平,为其培育合格人才。     

‘She's not good with crying’: the effect of gender expectations on graduate students' assessments of their principal investigators

This paper explores how gender influences the way that faculty members are held accountable to gendered societal expectations related to scientists, faculty members, and leaders. In particular, women faculty members in the sciences, particularly those who lead large research groups, may be at a triple disadvantage: they must act in ways that contradict ideals of femininity in these multiple aspects of their professional lives. The data for this inductive, largely exploratory analysis come from a mixed-methods qualitative study of five chemistry research groups at a research-intensive US university. I find that gendered expectations do impact the way that men and women faculty are evaluated by their students, particularly the way that women faculty are judged.     

大学青年教师学术与生活境遇的历史文化学考察

新中国成立以来,大学青年教师已经历了老、中、青三代,三代青年教师在不同历史时期,有着不同的学术与生活境遇。扫描三代青年教师走过的学术与生活历程,发现曾经同样年轻的他们,却因客观历史与主观经验交互作用产生不同的历史境遇;虽然处在不同历史境遇中,却有着渴求知识、传播知识的共同坚守;面临不同时空有着多样选择,却都是追求沉浸于日常教学与科研的"安心"人生。     

立场与路径：中国近代学术史研究中的内在理路问题探论

从学术的内在理路出发,以近代学术发生发展的内在驱动及学术个性为主要切入点,就其研究路径进行了一些方法论的思考。作为“研究的研究”,学术史研究应注重其学术性与历史性的双重特点,作为与外在因素复杂缠绕的近代学术,更应该将内在学术驱动作为研究基点,突破泛政治及思想宣传史的谱系,建构真实的学术认知。要做到这些,就必须在近代学术史的研究中进行“．古今中西”的打通,从时间和学脉追寻上而言,需从“古代研究的研究”上进行追踪;从空间和近代理论工具的利用等方面来看,则应注重中学发展的西学背景,从而对近代学术的面貌获得整体性的理解。此外,我们还需谨防当下立场对过去的选择性解读,应以“同情之同情、了解之了解”的态度来探讨近代学人的心路与学路,对他们的学思之路展开深度的了解,给予人文性的关照。     

From School Counselor to Counselor Educator: A Phenomenological Study

Through a phenomenological study, the experiences of 8 early‐career school counselor educators who entered academia directly from positions as P–12 school counselors were examined. Results revealed that the participants experienced numerous challenges and supports related to their transition. Recommendations for counselor educators, doctoral students, and new faculty are provided.     

Role of vitamin B12 on methylmalonyl-CoA mutase activity

Vitamin B₁₂ is an organometallic compound with important metabolic derivatives that act as cofactors of certain enzymes, which have been grouped into three subfamilies depending on their cofactors. Among them, methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MCM) has been extensively studied. This enzyme catalyzes the reversible isomerization of L-methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA using adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) as a cofactor participating in the generation of radicals that allow isomerization of the substrate. The crystal structure of MCM determined in Propionibacterium freudenreichii var. shermanii has helped to elucidate the role of this cofactor AdoCbl in the reaction to specify the mechanism by which radicals are generated from the coenzyme and to clarify the interactions between the enzyme, coenzyme, and substrate. The existence of human methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) due to the presence of mutations in MCM shows the importance of its role in metabolism. The recent crystallization of the human MCM has shown that despite being similar to the bacterial protein, there are significant differences in the structural organization of the two proteins. Recent studies have identified the involvement of an accessory protein called MMAA, which interacts with MCM to prevent MCM’s inactivation or acts as a chaperone to promote regeneration of inactivated enzyme. The interdisciplinary studies using this protein as a model in different organisms have helped to elucidate the mechanism of action of this isomerase, the impact of mutations at a functional level and their repercussion in the development and progression of MMA in humans. It is still necessary to study the mechanisms involved in more detail using new methods.     

Different universities,different temporalities: placing the acceleration of academic life in context

ABSTRACT

A growing body of literature is encouraging academics to slow down their academic work as a way of managing the acceleration of university life. Little attention, however, has been paid to the important differences in temporalities among different sorts of higher education institutions, and the effect this is likely to have upon the sense of acceleration and, crucially, the capacity to resist it. This article discusses interview data with academics at a particularly ‘fast’ academic site, drawn from a broader comparative study of three very different sorts of institution. It argues that the culture at this university is fundamentally structured around the principle of rapid change, in marked contrast to both more research-intensive and more teaching-intensive institutions. Any advice about the management of change must, I argue, take into account the specifics of institutional situations as well as broader structural causes of institutional difference, if it is to prove effective.     

Academic sell-out: how an obsession with metrics and rankings is damaging academia

Increasingly, academics have to demonstrate that their research has academic impact. Universities normally use journal rankings and journal impact factors to assess the research impact of individual academics. More recently, citation counts for individual articles and the h-index have also been used to measure the academic impact of academics. There are, however, several serious problems with relying on journal rankings, journal impact factors and citation counts. For example, articles without any impact may be published in highly ranked journals or journals with high impact factor, whereas articles with high impact could be published in lower ranked journals or journals with low impact factor. Citation counts can also be easily gamed and manipulated, and the h-index disadvantages early career academics. This paper discusses these and several other problems and suggests alternatives such as post-publication peer review and open-access journals.     

萧梁皇族之学术文化述论

萧梁皇族本出自寒门，不以文化显名。齐、梁之间，随着梁武帝一支的兴起，在当时士族社会尚文风气的影响下，其家族重视学术文化的积累，在儒家经学典籍、史学、玄学等领域多有著述。在文学艺术领域，如诗文创作、书法、绘画等方面，梁武帝及其子孙也身体力行，造就了其家族文化的繁荣局面。不仅如此，梁武帝父子还大力倡导重文政策，对当时取仕选举产生深刻的影响，促进了当时士风的变化。萧梁皇族子孙后来多有人流落北周、北齐和隋、唐，推动了南北文化的融合。