古典小说的方言研究述论——兼谈《金瓶梅》的作者问题

古代小说的方言研究不能只就语言的某一元素进行,应该将语音、词汇、语法三者结合,全面兼顾;方言的研究对小说作家、籍贯和成书信息的推测都有一定作用。《金瓶梅》以北方方言（主要是山东方言）和吴方言为主,出现了十多种方言,不可能是作家的独创,它只能是集体创作的结晶。     

西和山歌创作的民间修辞摭谈

西和山歌创作的民间修辞是西和农民群众集体智慧的结晶。它紧扣表意、想象丰富、形象生动。较之传统文人修辞更朴素天真、憨态可掬,具有明显的农民群众草根艺术特色,是西和农民群众性格特征在文化上的反映。     

试论发展性评价在钢琴集体课教学中的运用

教师的各种评价行为对学生个体的发展起着重要的作用。发展性评价关注学生、教师和学校的全面发展,重视被评价对象个体的差异性,完全不同于传统意义上以甄别为主的评价,是近年来教学改革中备受关注的新兴的评价方式。结合钢琴集体课教学的特点,运用学习契约、档案袋评价、动态评价、反思表评价和表现性评价等发展性评价方法将会取得很好的教学效果,有利于学生的持续发展。     

陶行知职业教育大群观思想初探——读《生利主义之职业教育》有感

陶行知的职业教育大群观思想,不仅是古代士人大群观思想的延续,也受到了当时社会环境的直接激发。他提出职业教育应以"有利于群"为取向,而不是满足自己的私利。为此,他提出在职业教育中加强师生大群意识的培养,并以"发舒内力"和选择最适的职业作为实现"应群需"的途径。这些思想对我国当代职业教育发展具有重要启示。     

汉代社会教育

汉代是中国封建社会一个重要繁盛时期,也是中华民族共同心理、民族个性特点形成初步定型时期。这与汉代推行以儒家思想为核心的社会教育政策有着密切的关系。汉武帝时建立了我国最早的大学——太学,完成了从乡村到京都门类齐全、形式多样的学校教育体系。同时加强官吏的职官教育、军队教育、边疆地区教育以及全社会教化,完成了全社会全民族的思想统一,形成了统一稳定的民族心理,促进了社会稳定,推动了民族化进程。     

On personal and collective dimensions of agency in doctoral training: medicine and natural science programs

The purpose of the present study was to investigate knowledge-creating agency by examining doctoral students' accounts of their pursuits, using structured interviews. We examined all of the talk apparently related to agency of 13 doctoral students taking part in collective doctoral training in two, highly regarded Finnish research communities (natural science and medicine). The doctoral process involved the participants pursuing article-based theses based on collectively shared research problems and journal articles co-authored with the supervisor and other senior researchers. Based on the qualitative analysis of the interviews, three categories of agentic talk were identified, respectively, for three proposed types of knowledge-creating agency: personal, distributed, and ‘object-related’. Personal agency involved participants' reflection on their academic competence, self-efficacy, and personal strengths and weaknesses. Distributed agency played an important role in assisting these participants overcoming challenges; this includes sharing of expertise, receiving social support, and having a sense of collective efficacy. Object-related agency, in turn, represented integration of a doctoral student's efforts with those of her immediate research community while pursuing shared research objects (e.g., co-authored articles). Apart from issues of agency which, the authors propose, are raised in the interviews, the data provide content-rich accounts of the collective nature of doctoral experiences.     

幼儿园集体科学教学活动设计中存在的问题与对策

幼儿科学活动教育越来越受到人们的重视,然而在现实的科学活动设计中,却存在着诸多问题。文章主要围绕幼儿园集体教学中,科学活动设计存在的问题进行分析,主要有科学活动设计中存在的目标把握不准确,问题提出缺少情境性,材料投放缺乏目的性,教师提问偏离主题,缺少对活动结束后的总结等问题,并针对这些问题提出相应的解决策略。     

Remaking public spaces for civil society

The relationships between disciplines and the institutions within which they are situated is a fertile area for researching the shaping of sociological knowledge. Applying theoretical insights from the sociology of knowledge, this article draws on an empirical study of research publications in the sociology of health and medicine to show which institutions in the Australian context are most likely to use sociological theory. When the institutions are positioned within the global university ranking system, an inverse association between sociological theory and the relative wealth and prestige of the originating institution becomes evident. Some of the implications of this finding are discussed with reference to the on-going viability of disciplines.     

Notes on Contributors

The study reported herein aimed to identify and discuss the nature and pattern of the uses of new media through a notable YouTube phenomenon. It analyzed 132 online videos centered on ‘Bus Uncle,’ a YouTube celebrity who rose into fame in Hong Kong during April 2006. Most of the videos drew references from local popular culture texts. They were mostly playful and sarcastic in their undertones. The collective behaviors in YouTube suggest that this hugely popular video-sharing site takes on the roles as public space, a playground and a cultural public sphere.     

A Collective Impact Approach To The Reading Achievement Gap

Abstract

This essay profiles The Big Lift, a multi-agency initiative to improve third-grade reading proficiency in San Mateo County, California. The Big Lift is an example of collective impact, in which organizations from different sectors unite around a common agenda to solve a social challenge. This kind of initiative goes beyond collaboration, requiring its own infrastructure, dedicated staff, ongoing communication and shared measurements of success. Library participation is critical to the success of community and literacy-focused collective impact projects like The Big Lift.