我国图书馆学方法论研究的成就(1981～2001年)与展望

本文回顾了我国1981年以来对“图书馆学方法论”的研究，并在进行相关的统计与分析的基础上，指出我国图书馆学方法论研究的发展趋势。     

论“六步教学法”

“六步教学法”是在长期教育实践中,针对职业教育专业课教学的特点和学生的学习实际,经过长期的研究,摸索出的一种新型教学法。其目的是摆脱普教模式的束缚,体现职业教育教学的特色,提高职业教育教学的质量。     

试用突变论分析图书馆学方法论的研究

文章试图从突变论的角度分析图书馆学方法论的研究如何利用有利因素，促进图书馆学方法论研究的发展。     

系统科学方法在信息法学研究中的应用

文章介绍了系统科学的形成及其对科学研究的意义。从系统论、信息论、控制论、突变论、耗散结构论和协同论入手，分析了系统科学方法在信息法学研究中的应用，提出了促进信息法学研究方法的完善的思路。     

新世纪(2000～2004年)图书馆学专门方法研究述评

本文对进入新世纪以来的五年我国图书馆学专门方法的以下研究内容作了述评：图书馆学有无专门方法、图书馆学专门方法的内涵以及图书馆学专门方法的具体内容；在此基础上，探讨了我国图书馆学专门方法研究中存在的问题及应采取的对策。     

图书馆学的科学化与合理性

提出图书馆学的科学化和合理性问题。认为以图书馆这一人文社会现象作为自己研究对象的图书馆学,不可能实现绝对科学化和客观性,图书馆学科学化的实质是图书馆学的合理性,即合规律性与合目的性的统一,构建合理性图书馆学理论必须坚持科学实证与哲学人文建构相结合。     

欣赏性评价:综合素质评价的方法论选择

欣赏性评价是发现并欣赏学生特质与优势的评价。它不以先在指标体系来评价学生,而是以学生实际具备的素质为基础来建构评价指标与标准,是属于真实性评价、个性化评价和优势评价的范畴。作为评价方法论,它与综合素质评价在评价内容、方式等方面的要求上具有内在的一致性。依据欣赏性评价的思想,综合素质应该采取"评语评价"的方式。具体而言,可采取如下评价思路:注重学生的自我评价,以找准学生的优势素质;实行多元评价,提供结构性确证;采取表现性评价,提供参照性适切。     

Development of a chemically defined medium for Planctopirus limnophila to increase biomass production

BackgroundPlanctomycetes is a phylum of biofilm-forming bacteria with numerous biosynthetic gene clusters, offering a promising source of new bioactive secondary metabolites. However, the current generation of chemically defined media achieves only low biomass yields, hindering research on these species. We therefore developed a chemically defined medium for the model organism Planctopirus limnophila to increase biomass production.ResultsWe found that P. limnophila grows best with a 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer. The replacement of complex nitrogen sources with defined amino acid solutions did not inhibit growth. Screening for vitamin requirements revealed that only cyanocobalamin (B12) is needed for growth. We used response surface methodology to optimize the medium, resulting in concentrations of 10 g/L glucose, 34 mL/L Hutner’s basal salts, 23.18 mM KNO₃, 2.318 mM NH₄Cl and 0.02 mg/L cyanocobalamin. The analysis of amino acid consumption allowed us to develop a customized amino acid solution lacking six of the amino acids present in Aminoplasmal 10%. Fed-batch cultivation in a bioreactor using the optimized medium achieved a final ΔOD₆₀₀ of 46.8 ± 0.5 after 108 h, corresponding to a cell dry weight of 13.6 ± 0.7 g/L.ConclusionsThe optimized chemically defined medium allowed us to produce larger amounts of biomass more quickly than reported in earlier studies. Further research should focus on triggering P. limnophila biofilm formation to activate the gene clusters responsible for secondary metabolism.How to cite: Kruppa OC, Gerlach D, Fan R, et al. Development of a chemically defined medium for Planctopirus limnophila to increase biomass production. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.09.002.     

The self experience of the gifted person: Theory and definitions

Recent articles on the gifted self are characterized by theoretical confusion and lack of definitional clarity. This article, anchored in current self psychology theory, defines the self experience as the person's subjective experience of organization and meaning, the maintenance of which is crucial to normal functioning. Interactions with others are a formative part of the self experience. Traits of giftedness, and the reactions of others to these, contribute to the gifted self experience. Social and emotional problems of giftedness, such as those that arise with asynchronous development and perfectionism, are based on a compromised sense of cohesion and unity of the self experience.