以听说为基础的学生“自治”英语教学探讨

传统的英语教学法忽视了听说训练和学生的自主性,其结果必然迫使学生苦学、教师苦教,自然没有什么好的结果。而自治教学却纠正了这些不足。本文着重阐述该教学方法在实际中的意义和实施方法,同时也讨论了该教学法的理论基础及实施条件。     

高技术产业与传统产业R&D溢出的比较研究——基于经济权重矩阵视角

采用我国29个省、市、自治区高技术产业与传统产业2001~2010年的R&D投入与产出数据,基于空间权重矩阵,利用空间计量分析方法,考察了空间权重矩阵下我国高技术产业与传统产业的省际R&D溢出效应。实证结果表明:在不同空间计量模型下,高技术产业与传统产业省际溢出效应均很明显,尽管我国高技术产业的R&D活动较活跃,但高技术产业在R&D溢出方面低于传统产业;高技术产业研发资本投入对R&D产出的贡献要高于研发人员投入,而传统产业恰恰相反;在不同产业的溢出中,经济距离因素都扮演着重要角色。     

Towards an adolescent friendly methodology: accessing the authentic through collective reflection

The re-emergence of student voice presents a challenge to schools and researchers to become more responsive to the voice of adolescents in education and in research. However, the poor articulation of the nature of student voice to date is confirmation of the complex and important nature of the personal advocacy and human agency that is involved in all student voice activities. This lack of clarity leads to interpretations of student voice that range in authenticity from token to active and meaningful (Hart, R. 1997. Children's Participation: The Theory and Practice of Involving Young Citizens in Community Development and Environmental Care. Earthscan Publications. London: UNICEF). Researchers who are guided by more traditional methodologies may implement methods that are appropriate for adults yet are not sensitive to the needs and interests of the young person whose perspectives are usually the focus of the research. This research found that while an advocacy and empowerment worldview supports student voice research, adolescents also prefer a methodology that is agentic, socially based, reflective and embodied (Dempster, N., A. Lizzio, M. Keeffe, J. Skinner, and D. Andrews. 2010. “The Contributions of Research Design and Process Facilitation in Accessing Adolescent views of Leadership.” Leading and Managing 16 [2]: 77–89). Adolescent perspectives on research processes and methods are valuable in helping researchers to choose more responsive approaches to sharing understandings with adolescents, so that research designs may be challenging, meaningful and rewarding for all participants.     

The impact of data reduction on the intra-trial reliability of a typical measure of lower limb musculoskeletal stiffness

Double-leg repeated jumping tasks are commonly used as measures of lower limb stiffness in exercise science research. Within similar stiffness calculations, variation in data-reduction criteria exists. The impact of these varied data-reduction methods on stiffness measures is unknown. Sixteen adolescent female participants from varied physical activity backgrounds performed 15 self-paced, bent-knee continuous jumps (CJb) on two force plates. Leg stiffness was calculated as the ratio of the peak force and the centre of mass displacement for each contact. Using combinations of criteria based on previous literature, 83 data-reduction methods were applied to the raw data. Data reduction suitability was assessed based on intra-trial reliability, the number of participants excluded and the average contacts excluded. Four data-reduction methods were deemed suitable for use with adolescent female populations, with three consecutive contacts within 1 SD of the average jump frequency considered optimal. The average individual stiffness values were not greatly influenced by the data-reduction method; however, for a single participant, a stiffness change of up to 6 kN · m^?1 (30%) was observed. The role and potential impact of data-reduction methods used to evaluate measures of lower limb stiffness during repeated jumping tasks warrants consideration.     

论陈宏谋研究的认识论、价值论、实践论意义

陈宏谋研究的跨学科、多角度、分层次的理论与方法,更有利于发掘和揭示陈宏谋及其研究的历史文化价值与现实作用,学术研究在＂学＂与＂术＂关系中更好确立文献研究方法与理论研究方法、基础研究与应用研究、理论与实践结合的认识论、价值论、实践论意义,从桂学研究的地方文化及其学术视野的理论与方法立足,更好推进陈宏谋研究的深化与地方文化建设发展。     

Images as representations: visual sources on education and childhood in the past

The challenge of using images for the history of education and childhood will be addressed in this article by looking at them as representations. Central is the relationship between representations and reality. The focus is on the power of paintings as representations of aspects of realities. First the meaning of representation for images as sources for the history of education and childhood – mirrors of realities, complex symbol systems or representations – is explained. A distinction is made between images of real people and images of patterns of human behaviour and the value of the phenomenon of historical sensation as a methodological instrument for insight in that relationship is dealt with. Second, a specific genre of paintings from the seventeenth century, namely portraits of dead children, will be described and analysed to make clear that their value for the history of education and childhood can be studied adequately only by using those images as representations and by interpreting them within the cultural rules and regulations of time and place. This analysis results in the conclusion that images should be considered in their function as representations of aspects of educational and childhood reality.     

从伽利略到杨振宁

被誉为"近代科学之父"的伽利略,在西方近代科学革命中起到非常重要的作用,特别是伽利略开创了把数学与实验完美结合的科学研究方法,打破了亚里士多德物理学的传统,规定了近现代科学的发展方向,形成所谓的"伽利略风格"。杨振宁的研究不仅很好地再现了"伽利略风格",而且对重新理解"李约瑟问题"和中国传统文化具有启示意义。     

Using APIs for Data Collection on Social Media

This article discusses how social media research may benefit from social media companies making data available to researchers through their application programming interfaces (APIs). An API is a back-end interface through which third-party developers may connect new add-ons to an existing service. The API is also an interface for researchers to collect data off a given social media service for empirical analysis. Presenting a critical methodological discussion of the opportunities and challenges associated with quantitative and qualitative social media research based on APIs, this article highlights a number of general methodological issues to be dealt with when collecting and assessing data through APIs. The article further discusses the legal and ethical implications of empirical research using APIs for data collection.     

工程管理的哲学思辨

从工程管理活动、过程、学科等视角界定工程管理概念并没有完全囊括工程管理本质的全部内涵,还需结合哲学思想解释工程管理,其与主观能动性、联系发展、矛盾对立统一等观点有着密切联系,并且其决策、组织、创新等过程不仅受哲学、工程等思维的引导,还需要适合工程管理的方法、方法论的支撑与指导。     

响应面法优化米曲霉HML366产β-葡萄糖苷酶发酵培养基

文章研究旨在优化前期筛选到的米曲霉HML366产β-葡萄糖苷酶的培养基条件。通过单因素实验和响应面设计对米曲霉HML366产β-葡萄糖苷酶的培养基条件进行了优化组合,确定最佳的发酵培养基配方为:甘蔗渣3.49%,豆饼粉0.375%,KH2PO4 0.255%。在此培养条件下得到β-葡萄糖苷酶酶活力达92.64 U/g,是未优化前酶活71.12 U/g的1.30倍。