浅论准备活动的合理组织

体育运动是指运动员为不断提高或保持运动成绩而专门进行的运动。主要包括竞技体育运动与非竞技体育运动，不同的体育运动对身体各部分的要求不同。下面重点谈谈学校体育中的准备活动。     

肥胖相关因子与运动

近年来的研究表明，肥胖是由特定的生化因子引起的一系进食的调控和能量代谢紊乱的疾病。从能量代谢角度来看，产生肥胖的原因是能量摄入大于消耗而引起的一种能量失衡状态。神经系统通过多核团多神经元的网络系统对进食调节是维持体重稳定的重要原因。本综述主要对肥胖相关因子的研究进展以及运动对其中某些因子的影响做一介绍。     

浅谈素质教育

何为素质及素质教育？传统含义上的人的素质是指人的先天的解剖生理特点，主要是感觉器官和神经系统方面的特点。这些特点是通过父母的遗传基因获得的，称为先天素质或遗传素质。随着科学技术、文化教育的发展，人们所说的素质已突破了素质的传统含义，现在多数人对素质概念的理解是指，人在先天生理的基础上，在环境和教育的影响下，通过实践、认识和交往活动而形成和发展起来的、内在的、相对稳定的身心要素的整体结构，它是作为人的身心未来发展起点的现有总水平。     

教学语言的艺术

学语言是教师进行课堂教学的主要传达工具。教师在教学过程中，无论是和学生进行知识信息的传递反馈、师生之间的感情交流、对学生个性的熏陶感化，还是引导学生观察、记忆、思维、想像等智力性、创造性的活动，都必须借助教学语言。只有通过教学语言，引起学生多种感官、神经系统和大脑的积极活动，特别是视觉和听觉的活动，才会为他们所接受，起到交际的作用，由获得感性认识，继而实现理性的飞跃。即使现代化技术大量应用于教学领域，教学过程具有多种模式的情况下，教学语言的作用也不能降低和削弱，反而更需要加强，对它的要求更为严格…     

Study on the neurotoxic effects of low-level lead exposure in rats

Objective: To investigate effects of developmental lead exposure on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in different brain regions and on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor mRNA expression in the hippocampus of rats. On the basis of these observations, we explored possible mechanisms by which lead exposure leads to impaired learning and memorizing abilities in children. Methods: A series of rat animal models exposed to low levels of lead during the developing period was established (drinking water containing 0.025%, 0.05% and 0.075% lead acetate). NOS activities in the hippocampus, the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum and the brain stem were determined with fluorescence measurement and levels of mRNA expression of the NMDA receptor 2A (NR2A) subunit and NMDA receptor 2B (NR2B) subunit in the rat hippocampus were measured with Retro-translation (RT-PCR). Results: There were no differences in the body weight of rat pups between any of the groups at any given time (P>0.05). The blood lead level of Pb-exposed rat pups showed a systematic pattern of change: at 14 d of age, it was lower than that at 7 d of age, then rising to the peak level at 21 d and finally falling to lower levels at 28 d. The hippocampal NOS activities of lead-exposed groups were all lower than that of the control group on the 21st and 28th day (P<0.01). NOS activities in the cerebellum of lead-exposed groups were all lower than that of the control group on the 21st and 28th day (P<0.001) and the NOS activity of the 0.025% group was significantly lower than that of the 0.05% and 0.075% groups on the 28th day (P<0.05). NOS activity in the cerebral cortex of the 0.075% group was significantly lower than that of the control, 0.025% and 0.05% groups on the four day spans (P<0.001). There was no significant difference of NOS activity in the brain stem between any lead-exposed group and the control group on the four day spans. In the 0.05% and the 0.075% groups, the level of NR2A mRNA expression was higher than that in the control group at 7 d and 14 d of age (P<0.05). In the 0.025% group, the level of NR2A was found to be higher than that in the control group at 7 d of age only (P<0.05). No significant differences were found for the levels of NR2B mRNA expression between any of the groups at any given time. Conclusions: NOS activity in the hippocampus, the cerebral cortex and the cerebellum are inhibited by lead exposure. The degree of the inhibitory effect depends on the time span of exposure and the lead concentration. Developmental low-level lead exposure was found to raise the level of NR2A mRNA expression in the hippocampus of rats. Developmental low-level lead exposure does not affect the level of NR2B mRNA expression in the hippocampus.     

完形心理在作品欣赏及写作中的运用

完形心理又称心理的“完形趋向”,指人脑神经系统的一种独特的组织功能,心理学家解释为：“只要已具备了主要的条件,心理的组织作用总是力趋完善。”用通俗的话来说就是对尚不完整的事情,人们总是努力作出猜测,应该怎样才能使之完整。     

谈低段学生数学学习习惯的培养

俄国教育家乌申斯基说过:良好的习惯是人在他的神经系统中所储存的资本。这个资本不断增值,而人在其整个一生中,就享受着它的利息。这足可以说明,小学生良好的学习习惯,对他今后的发展将起着重要作用。小学低段是培养学生各种学     

改变自己为什么这么难?

"决心"的失败早晨7点,起床困难的莉莉对室友小张真诚地说:"小张,我要改变自己,不想再熬夜了,今晚你监督一下我,我11点前一定睡觉!"夜晚10点半,小张洗漱完毕,对仍在玩手机的莉莉说:"莉莉,快睡吧,你不是说从今天开始不再熬夜了吗?肝脏11点解毒,内分泌系统12点以后要休息,神经系统长期紧绷着,会导致心神紊乱的。""好的,好的,小张你说得对!     

New mechanism for neural stem cell maintenance in early embryos

Teamning up with co-workers from Japan, UK and US,CAS biochemists have revealed a novel mechanism for maintaining neural stem cells in early embryos. Their work was published on the 6 August issue of Cell Development.     

汞害无所不在

汞是一种对神经系统有毒性的物质，汞对发育中的胎儿的危害尤其令人担忧。一项全国性调查表明，相当一部分育龄妇女的体内组织含汞过高。位于阿什维尔的北卡罗莱纳州大学的研究者是通过对近1500名各种年龄的被调查者的头发样本进行分析获得这些研究结果的。在其生长过程中，