Use of flow cytometry to investigate the cytokine response pattern in infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection and bronchiolitis

Objective: To investigate the cytokine response pattern (IL-4/IFN-γ) in infants with RSV infections and bronchiolitis during the acute phase. Methods: Four-color flow cytometry was used to measure intracellular IL-4 and IFN-γ expressions in peripheral blood CD3+ and CD8+ lymphocytes from RSV-infected and bronchiolitis infants. Serum IL-4 and IFN-γ levels were also determined. Results: RSV-infected and bronchiolitis infants showed no statistical differences from not-RSV-infected or pneumonia infants and control in the frequency of IL-4 and IFN-γ expressions in CD3+CD8- lymphocytes, showed no obvious Th1/Th2 imbalance, while IFN-γ was expressed much more frequently in CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes. Systematically, RSV-infected and bronchiolitis infants showed much lower levels of serum IL-4 and IL-4/IFN-γ ratios and much higher serum IFN-γ levels than control. However, there were no statistical differences in the above three indices between RSV-infected and not-RSV infected infants or between bronchiolitis and pneumonia infants, except that bronchiolitis infants had a higher level of serum IFN-γ than pneumonia infants statistically. Conclusions: There is no type-2 cytokine response predominance in the acute phase of RSV infection and bronchiolitis. IL-4 production is suppressed and IFN-γ production upregulated, the latter being most prominent in bronchiolitis infants.     

Science Letters： Solid lipid nanoparticles loading adefovir dipivoxil for antiviral therapy

Herein, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) were proposed as a new drug delivery system for adefovir dipivoxil (ADV). The octadecylamine-fluorescein isothiocynate (ODA-FITC) was synthesized and used as a fluorescence maker to be incorporated into SLN to investigate the time-dependent cellular uptake of SLN by HepG2.2.15. The SLN of monostearin with ODA-FITC or ADV were prepared by solvent diffusion method in an aqueous system. About 15wt% drug entrapment efficiency (EE) and 3wt% drug loading (DL) could be reached in SLN loading ADV. Comparing with free ADV, the inhibitory effects of ADV loaded in SLN on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels in vitro were significantly enhanced.     

家鼠型EHFV台41株在沙鼠肾原代细胞上产生血凝素的研究

研究结果表明，家鼠型ＥＨＦＶ台４１第四代细胞传代株在沙鼠肾原代细胞上测得病毒ＴＣＩＤ＿（５０）为１０￣（６．５）／ｍｌ，血凝素滴度达１：５１２．影响血凝素滴度的主要因素有单层细胞的密度，病毒的接种量，血凝素收获的时间和血凝的最适ｐＨ值。     

高致病性禽流感正在给人类带来严重威胁

高致病性禽流感是由高致病性禽流感病毒所引起的禽类烈性传染病， 发病急，传播 快，致死率高，对养殖业可造成致命性的打击。在1997年香港禽流感事件中，H5亚型高致病 性禽流感病毒因其首次突破了种间障碍，引起了全世界的震惊。虽然该事件无法与以往的人流感的大流行或禽流感的大暴发相比，但却拉开了禽流感病毒直接感染人并致人死亡的序幕 。不幸的是，H5亚型高致病性禽流感自2003年12月在韩国首次暴发以来，目前已遍及亚洲十 余个国家及地区，并在越南和泰国发生了人类感染并致死亡的事件。我国自2004年1月27日 在广西报道高致病性禽流感以来，至今已在十余个省市陆续发生，形势非常严峻。 因此，对禽流感病毒的种间传播及致病机制、流感病毒的分子变异机理、新 型流感病毒的预测、禽流感病毒的快速诊断及人用疫苗的研制等方面开展系统、深入的研究 迫在眉睫，为从根本上控制和防治禽流感提供理论依据和技术支撑。本文同时叙述了人感染 H5亚型高致病性禽流感的临床发病情况和日常预防措施。     

一个校园网IP-MAC绑定管理平台的设计与实现

本文针对当前校园网普遍使用的防范IP地址冒用行为的IP-MAC捆绑技术研究开发了一套方便有效的管理平台。此平台基于B/S模式,利用ASP.NET,Web Services,以及物理交换机多层结构,网络管理员通过浏览器中的图形界面即可轻松地完成IP捆绑设置,减轻了网络管理员的工作负担,同时解决了各层核心交换机密码管理的安全问题。     

具有休眠/监听机制的无线传感器网络中SIR病毒传播研究

针对无线传感器网络遭受病毒攻击安全问题,结合无线传感器网络媒体访问控制层的休眠/监听机制,使用SIR病毒传播模型分析病毒传播的动态过程。研究表明,在无线传感器网络中媒体访问控制机制能在客观上对病毒传播起到抑制作用,降低网络病毒传播速度,减少网络病毒感染节点数。仿真发现,在媒体访问控制机制下,通过增大节点通信半径,增多网络活跃节点数,以及增加节点平均度等方法来改变网络结构,都能够有效抑制病毒在无线传感器网络中的传播,降低病毒感染规模。该文的实验结果与理论分析一致,研究成果能够应用于"计算机网络与信息安全"和"物联网概论"相关课程实验中,有助于学生理解信息病毒的传播过程,为制定病毒免疫机制解决网络病毒攻击隐患提供理论依据。     

浅谈网络安全现状及安全防护

章先对网络安全现状作一介绍，然后阐述网络面临的四种主要安全性威胁。并针对网络安全性提出了相应措施。     

使用Sniffer检测局域网内Nachi蠕虫病毒

介绍了Sniffer Pro功能，Nachi蠕虫病毒的特征及对计算机网络的影响。通过实例，在核心交换机做端口镜像，使用Sniffer pro捕捉、分析数据报文，确定局域网内中毒机器IP地址，采取关闭中毒机器所在楼层交换机端口的方法，隔离病毒，保证整个网络的正常运行。     

Character of HBV （hepatitis B virus） polymerase gene rtM204V／I and rtL180M mutation in patients with lamivudine resistance

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between HBV (hepatitis B virus) polymerase gene 180 and 204 sites mutation and lamivudine resistance. Methods: One hundred forty-one patients with lamivudine resistance after lamivudine treatment and 60 chronic hepatitis B patients without lamivudine treatment were enrolled in this study. The serum HBV DNA mutation was analyzed by sequence detection via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The sequences of the same patient were analyzed before and after lamivudine treatment. Results: One hundred and nine lamivudine resistance patients had HBV YMDD (tyrosine-methionine-aspartate-aspartate) mutation. Among them, 45 patients had rtL180M/M204V mutation (41.28%), 28 patients had rtL 180M/M204I mutation (25.70%) and 36 patients had rtM204I mutation (33.02%). There were 6 patients with rtL180M mutation in 32 lamivudine resistance patients. Sixty chronic hepatitis patients without lamivudine treatment had no mutations. Conclusions: HBV mutations, which play an important role in lamivudine resistance usually locate at polymerase gene 204 site; 180 site mutation was also observed in these patients. Evaluation of the anti-virus therapy by surveillance of the two sites mutations is of importance.     

基于SNIFFER的"计算机网络"课程的实验设计

提出了在不具备专业的网络实验室的条件下,利用SNIFFER软件来架构“计算机网络”课程实验,给出了每个实验的主要内容及使用到的主要工具,并对其中的一个实验作了详细说明。