罗素对中国文化的评价及其影响

1920年罗素应中国学术界的邀请来华讲学,对中国社会产生了较大的影响.首先,促使中西文化之争升温;其次,给当时中国的学术界带来了新的科学、哲学思想和方法;最后,给当时中国带来了新的伦理道德思想.     

正确认识改革实践过程对人们思想的影响

伴随着改革的深化和社会主义市场经济体制的建立和逐步完善 ,我国社会从经济基础到上层建筑 ,都处在一个重大的变革时期。这场社会变革无论是深度还是广度都是前所未有的。因此 ,这场变革必然会引起人们精神世界的深刻变化。深入地研究和认识这些变化 ,对于分清主流和支流、正确与谬误 ,切实加强和改进思想政治工作不无意义。     

Metacognition, achievement goals, study strategies and academic achievement: pathways to achievement

The purpose of this research was to develop and test a model of effective self-regulated learning. Based on effort expenditure we discerned effective self-regulators and less effective self-regulators. The model comprised achievement goals (mastery, performance-approach and -avoidance goals), metacognition (metacognitive knowledge, regulation and experience), study strategies (metacognitive, deep cognitive, surface cognitive and resource management strategies) and academic achievement. The relationships in the model were tested with controlling for intellectual ability, gender and age. The results showed that effective self-regulated learning involved two pathways: a metacognitive and a strategy pathway. The first pathway involved a positive relationship of mastery goals and a negative relationship of performance-avoidance goals with metacognition. Metacognition positively affected the use of the four study strategies. The strategy pathway involved positive effects of mastery and performance-approach goals on the use of metacognitive and deep cognitive strategies. Further, performance-approach goals positively affected the use of surface cognitive and resource management strategies. The use of metacognitive and resource management strategies had a positive and the use of surface cognitive strategies had a negative effect on exam scores.     

Math Fluency: Accuracy Versus Speed in Preoperational and Concrete Operational First and Second Grade Children

Cognitive abilities as well as math fluency play an important role in mathematical skills. Understanding the relationship between cognitive abilities and mathematical skills is imperative to teaching effective arithmetic skills. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between cognitive ability and math fluency with 38 first and second grade elementary aged children. Results demonstrate that preoperational children lacked the speed of concrete operational children but achieved comparable levels of accuracy when completing arithmetic problems.     

Troubling the concept of the ‘academic profession’ in 21st Century higher education

Concern has been expressed about the vulnerability of the ‘academic profession’ as a consequence of threats from productivism, managerialism and the like (Beck and Young, Br J Sociol Educ 26(2):183–197, 2005). I question the apparent self-understanding of academe as a profession. Referring to thinking from higher education (Barnett, High Educ 40:409–422, 2000a; Educ Phil Theor 32(3):319–326, 2000b; Realizing the University in an age of supercomplexity, 2000c; Stud High Educ 25(3):255–265, 2000d; Lond Rev Educ 2(1):61–73, 2004a; Piper, Are professors professional? The organisation of University examinations, 1994; Taylor 1999), and from the sociology of the professions (in particular Evetts, Int J Sociol Soc Policy 23(4/5):22–35, 2003a; Int Sociol 18(2):395–415 2003b; Curr Sociol 54(1):133–143 2006a; Curr Sociol 54(4):515–531, 2006b), I propose that significant shifts in self-understanding and practice are needed for academe to claim a social role as a ‘profession’.     

鸦片战后清朝统治者对外国侵略者的态度和心理

鸦片战后清朝统治者对外国侵略者的态度和心理是复杂和矛盾的。这些复杂和矛盾的心理对清廷的内外政策产生了重大影响 ,致使清廷的内外政策也矛盾重重 ,清廷矛盾重重的内外政策不可能把中国带上富强之路     

析转型时期中国公共伦理体系构建的影响因素

公共伦理是公民社会公共生活领域中处理人际关系所必须遵循的行为规范.时下造成中国公共伦理缺失的根本原因在于中国社会正处于转型时期,影响中国公共伦理体系构建的因素主要包括价值取向迷失、道德评价标准紊乱、公共伦理监督机制弱化、公共伦理教育扭曲以及非道德主义泛滥等,社会主义核心价值体系命题的提出,为当代中国公共伦理体系构建提供了科学范式.     

当代英国基础教育政策及其影响浅析

文章主要论述在英国当代基础教育改革和发展过程中产生过重要影响的包括学制政策、课程政策、师资政策、管理政策、经费政策在内的基础教育政策。正是这些基础教育政策的制定和实施,使得英国基础教育在不断改革的基础上得到了迅速发展。     

长征时期中央红军在贵州的主要活动及其历史影响

1934年12月至1935年4月,中央红军长征途径贵州,在贵州开展了多项活动。中央红军在贵州开展的这些主要活动产生了深刻的历史影响。分析和探究这个问题,既有利于我们进一步丰富这段历史的理论资料,更有助于我们对于正确的历史观的形成。     

关于“光源非单色性对干涉条纹的影响”的几个问题的探讨

光波波长连续分布与不连续分布对干涉条纹的影响不同,应区别分析;在杨氏双缝干涉实验中,由于光源的非单色性而引起的干涉条纹位移极小,肉眼不可分辨,因此以杨氏双缝干涉实验为例去谈光源的非单色性对干涉条纹的影响是不恰当的.