普通高校排球运动员赛前焦虑水平对排球发球技术影响的探讨

以施皮尔伯格等人编制的《状态—特质焦虑调查表》为主要测试工具，对南京几所高校排球运动员赛前焦虑水平对排球发球技术的影响进行探讨，以期为普通高校排球运动员赛前焦虑的控制，提供理论与实践方面的参考依据。     

迷途的人生浪漫的救赎--小说《蓝色的马》解读

透过小说《蓝色的马》的表层文本分析了造成现代都市人性形变的深层原因——来自现代文明的挤压，并挖掘了作品独特的积极意义，即潜在的救赎意识。     

《别让我走》中“留”与“走”的焦虑

石黑一雄《别让我走》讲述了一群成长在黑尔舍姆,最终以捐献器官而终结生命的克隆人的生活与情感。运用福柯的规训理论,分析以凯茜为代表的克隆人群体、以黑尔舍姆为代表的组织机构和外部人类世界三者之间的复杂关系,探究克隆人群体被规训后身体及心理表现出＂留＂与＂走＂矛盾的根源,意在揭示作者以隐喻的方式反思现代个体被现代社会规训为标准化的主体后,产生的身份缺失和心理焦虑。     

影响与焦虑：明清小说观念生成路径考

明清小说史中攀援经典的手法是文学批评史上一种重要的话语建构现象,是在对传统推源溯流法的继承基础上,形成的一种小说观念生成路径。即通过对史书、经书、佛道、诗文的攀援取法,形成了明清小说关于叙事、义旨、笔法以及文采的认识。同样,也形成了真与实、通俗与教诲、补史与稗官的小说观念。     

Meet the candidates

Objective: To consider sex roles in public speaking through the conversational style of modern-day political rhetoric Type of speech: Informative Point value: 15% of course grade Requirements: (a) References: 3; (b) Length: 5–7 minutes, (c) Visual aid: No; (d) Outline: Yes; (e) Prerequisite reading: Any biographical information found on the person that students are portraying, Chapter 11 (Brydon & Scott, 2002); (f) Additional requirements: None This assignment requires students to research the biography of either a political candidate or a candidate's spouse, and structure this information in an informative way. Students then portray the candidate or the candidate's spouse and present the information at a “meet the candidates” forum in class.     

Communication apprehension as a determinant of avoidance,withdrawal and performance anxiety

Although communication apprehension (CA) is often presented as having a major impact on communication related behavior, the extant literature provides neither strong nor direct support for such claims. In the present research (1) behavior was viewed as a single index of disjunctively connected response options including avoidance, withdrawal and anxiety and (2) CA was viewed as a categorical rather than a continuous variable. Results of two separate studies provide direct evidence suggesting that CAs avoid communication if possible and report considerable anxiety when forced to communicate.     

大学英语课堂藏族学生外语焦虑现状分析

本文采用定量和定性两种分析方法,使用Horwitz的外语课堂焦虑量表对70个非英语专业藏族同学进行对比分析,同时还探讨了在外语课堂焦虑方面藏族同学性别的差异。笔者希望通过对课堂焦虑的研究,对教师的课堂教学有所启发,教师可以通过多种手段帮助学生克服课堂焦虑。提高学习效率。     

Stress and cognitive functioning in sport

This paper considers the relationship between stress and cognitive functioning and discusses some of the concepts and methods that may be adopted to examine the relationship between stress and sports performance. It considers only that literature that may be relevant to, or furthers, the understanding of sports performance under competitive stress. One of the most popular approaches has been to explain the relationship in terms of the unidimensional inverted‐U hypothesis. The validity of this approach to explaining sports performances in specific situations is discussed and it is generally concluded that the inverted‐U hypothesis is too vague and simplistic. The discussion considers multidimensional approaches and discusses the suitability and implications of some more recent and more complex models of stress and performance which are now available in the psychological literature. It is concluded that the relationship between stress and sports performance is an extremely complex one and involves the interaction between the nature of the stressor, the cognitive demands of the task being performed and the psychological characteristics of the individuals performing it.     

Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2): Evaluating the Swedish version by confirmatory factor analyses

The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) is one of the most frequently used instruments when assessing competitive state anxiety in sport psychology research. However, doubts have been expressed about the factorial validity of both the English and the Greek versions of the scale. Hence, a revised version of the inventory (CSAI-2R) has recently been suggested to be more psychometrically sound (Cox et al., ). In the present study, the aim was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the CSAI-2 using confirmatory factor analyses. A total of 969 athletes (571 men and 398 women) competing in 26 different sports completed the Swedish version of the CSAI-2. Three different factor structures were evaluated: the original three-factor model (with cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence), a two-factor model in which self-confidence was excluded, and a three-factor model containing 17 items (CSAI-2R). The results revealed that only the 17-item model displayed an acceptable fit to the data. Although some doubts remain about the amount of variance that can be attributed to error variance in the subscales, the results suggest that it is better to use the CSAI-2R rather than the original CSAI-2.     

Confirmatory factor analysis of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2

The aim of this study was to evaluate the factor structure ofthe Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) using confirmatory factor analysis. Volunteer participants (n= 1213) completed the CSAI-2 approximately 1 h before competition and the data were analysed in two samples. The hypothesized model showed poor fit indices in both samples independently (Robust Comparative Fit Index: sample A=0.82, sample B =0.84) and simultaneously (Comparative FitIndex = 0.83), suggesting that the factor structure proposed by Martens et al. is flawed. Our findings suggest that a limitation of the Cognitive Anxiety scale derives from phrasing items around the word ‘concerned’ rather than ‘worried’. We suggest that being concerned about an impending performance does not necessarily mean that an athlete is experiencing negative thoughts, but that the athlete is acknowledging the importance and difficulty of the challenge and is attempting to mobilize resources to cope. The present results question the use of the CSAI-2 as a valid measure of competitive state anxiety.