Youth victimization in Sweden: Prevalence,characteristics and relation to mental health and behavioral problems in young adulthood

The present study examines multiple types of victimization simultaneously, their prevalence and characteristics in childhood and adolescence, and it examines the associations between victimization and poly-victimization on the one hand and single and multiple mental health and behavioral problems on the other. The sample consisted of 2,500 Swedish young adults (20–24 years) who provided detailed report of multiple types of lifetime victimization and current health and behaviors via an interview and a questionnaire. Results showed that it was more common to be victimized in adolescence than in childhood and more common to be victimized repeatedly rather than a single time, among both males and females. Males and females were victimized in noticeably different ways and partially at different places and by different perpetrators. With regard to mental health and behavioral problems, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, self-harm, and criminality were clearly overrepresented among both males and females who had experienced any type of victimization. Poly-victimization was related to single and multiple mental health and behavioral problems among both males and females. We conclude that professionals need to conduct thorough evaluations of victimization when completing mental health assessments among troubled youths, and that youth might benefit from the development of interventions for poly-victimized youth.     

Informing context and change in young children's sociobehavioral development – The national Adjustment Scales for Early Transition in Schooling (ASETS)

This article recounts the design and validity evidence for contextually-specific measures of early childhood social and behavioral adjustment within school using the Adjustment Scales for Early Transition in Schooling (ASETS). Through primary analyses of data from the Head Start Impact Study, a representative nationwide sample (N = 3077) of randomly selected children from low-income families was used to inform developmental-transitional stability and change in adjustment across numerous school contexts. Longitudinal exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses yielded reliable and temporally continuous behavioral dimensions assessing the pervasiveness of Peer, Learning, and Teacher Context Problems. Each context dimension was equated vertically through IRT, with Bayesian scoring across two years spanning prekindergarten through 1st grade. Multilevel modeling provided support for the concurrent validity of ASETS contextual scales and their ability to assess future risk of academic and behavioral problems. ASETS scales are also shown to reveal differential, contextually-based, change trajectories across four years of early school transition.     

中国投资者对股票代码的数字偏好及其影响——来自上海证券交易所的经验证据

对上海证券交易所A股市场的分析表明,牛市行情时代码尾数为"4"的股票组合资产收益低于给定风险水平下的市场必要收益,而其他组的表现不明显。说明我国投资者对股票代码表现出部分数字偏好:对"4"存在刻意回避的现象,进而对代码以"4"结尾的股票的投资收益产生显著影响;但对"8"、"6"等吉利数字的偏好并不显著。同时,投资者回避"4"的行为只在牛市行情时表现明显,在熊市行情时趋向消失,说明投资者在熊市行情下的投资行为更为理性。     

Preservice physical education teachers' attributes related to teaching a student labeled ADHD

This study assessed the association between preservice teacher-related variables [i.e., age, adapted physical education (APE) and special education (SPED) coursework, experience teaching students with disabilities and perceive competence] on measures of the Physical Educators' Intention toward Teaching Individuals with Disabilities II – Preservice Survey (PEITID-II-PS). The PEITID-II-PS used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TpB) ( Ajzen, 2002) on preserive physical education teachers (n = 213) purposely selected from universities in China, Korea, and the United States. Results indicated that both intention and perceived behavioral control were predicted by teaching experience and perceived teaching competency. Attitude toward the behavior variable was predicted by prior teaching experience, special education coursework, and age. Age and perceived teaching competency were associated with behavioral beliefs.     

Examining the engagement of career academy and comprehensive high school students in the United States

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of student engagement of career academy students to those at a traditional comprehensive high school using propensity score matching and structural equation modeling. We found that academy students had significantly higher levels of emotional engagement and significantly lower levels of behavioral engagement than those at comprehensive schools. We also found no statistically significant differences in the levels of cognitive engagement of academy students compared to comprehensive school students. We believe the academy model has the promise of transforming the high school experience for students as it relates to their attachment to the school, their relationships with peers and teachers, and their sense of belonging and safety. However, academies need to work with students to create and develop co-curricular and extracurricular activities of interest to engage students in their schools at a higher level.     

"理性"向"非理性"的飞跃--简论西方主流经济学方法论的演进

西方主流经济学发展到今天,“理性”的方法论基础日益受到批判和挑战。而兴起于20世纪70年代的行为经济学流派,其“非理性”的分析方法正动摇着主流经济学的根基。在认识西方主流经济学方法论危机的基础上,行为经济学为西方经济学的发展提供了崭新的方法论视角,也预示着西方主流经济学方法论的演变趋势。     

“生产经营型”新型职业农民胜任素质的要素构成研究——基于行为事件访谈法

“三农”问题是国家发展战略中的重难点,培育新型职业农民是中国实现农业现代化的必然选择。基于行为事件访谈法对样本区域的35名“生产经营型”新型职业农民进行研究,在此基础上建构其胜任素质的要素构成。结果表明,“生产经营型”新型职业农民的胜任素质包括“从农动机、职业承诺、团队建设与领导力、市场信息搜集与获取、成本收益评估能力、模式创新力、关系资本积累能力、农人新思维”等17项要素。新型职业农民胜任特征编码具有较高信度,胜任特征能对绩优组和绩平组进行有效鉴别与区分,具有较高效度。因此,采用行为事件访谈法对“生产经营型”新型职业农民胜任素质要素构成进行研究也是有效的。     

An empirical investigation of mobile banking adoption: The effect of innovation attributes and knowledge-based trust

Rapid advances in mobile technologies and devices have made mobile banking increasingly important in mobile commerce and financial services. Using innovation diffusion theory and knowledge-based trust literature, this study develops a research model to examine the effect of innovation attributes (perceived relative advantage, ease of use and compatibility) and knowledge-based trust (perceived competence, benevolence and integrity) on attitude and behavioral intention about adopting (or continuing to use) mobile banking across potential and repeat customers. Based on a survey of 368 participants (177 for potential customers and 191 for repeat customers), this study uses a structural equation modeling approach to investigate the research model. The results indicate that perceived relative advantage, ease of use, compatibility, competence and integrity significantly influence attitude, which in turn lead to behavioral intention to adopt (or continue-to-use) mobile banking. Additionally, by using multi-group analysis with t-statistics, the results found that the antecedents of attitude toward mobile banking differ between potential and repeat customers. The implications for research and practice and future research directions are discussed.     

Continuance intention in gamified mobile applications: A study of behavioral inhibition and activation systems

This study seeks to investigate the effects of Behavioral Activation System (BAS), known as approach motivation, and Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS), known as avoidance motivation, that are expected to influence individuals’ post-adoption behaviors in gamified mobile applications. A survey-based research methodology was used, and the impacts of BAS and BIS on Information Systems Continuance are examined. The results show that reward responsiveness has the most significant effect on user satisfaction and continuance intention. Fun-seeking plays an essential role in continuance intention; however, it does not significantly affect satisfaction, as drive does not affect either satisfaction or continuance intention. BIS has a significant and negative effect on individual satisfaction, but no effects were found related to continuance intention. The findings of this study improve the understanding of the differences between these motivations related to Information Systems Continuance. Significant practical implications that gamified mobile application developers can adopt are proposed.     

以色列医学院校的行为科学和社会科学教育

以色列的四所医学院校都提供行为科学和社会科学课程,但在实施过程中也都面临许多困难。本文介绍以色列医学院行为科学和社会科学教育的总体情况和问题,并提出克服障碍的途径。