柏林世锦赛马拉松速度变化特征的分析及启示

以柏林世锦赛马拉松比赛前三名运动员速度分配为研究对象,探讨其速度分配的特征,对我国马拉松运动员速度分配提供有价值的参考。同时根据其速度变化特征,对我国运动员的训练提出一些建议,以利于提高我国马拉松运动员的成绩。     

Operation Diplomat and Other Smuggling Stories

During the early years after the erection of the Berlin Wall in 1961, a number of smuggling operations from behind the Wall were executed, and the reports of them spread through the Western media. In the 1960s and early 1970s, the popular Swedish men’s magazines Lektyr and Fib Aktuellt published several exclusive photo reportages about such operations, providing Swedish readers with information about the East Germans’ desire to escape their country, and the West Germans’ willingness to assist. This article discusses the Swedish escape reports as examples of border crossing through their form as well as their content. It is analysed, how the escape reports published in Sweden both represented and generated border-crossing activity. The smuggling stories also illustrate the entangled character of popular print media: the travels of texts and pictures beyond national, cultural and lingual borders as well as travels between apposite publications. The material of the article consists of a total of ten reportages published in Lektyr and Fib Aktuellt between 1965–1966 and 1973.     

Ethnography at a distance: globally mobile parents choosing international schools

The research we report on was conducted from our computer desktops. We have not met the people we have studied; they are part of what Eichhorn described as a “textual community”, gathered around the threads of online conversations associated with a website servicing the needs of English-language speakers in Germany. The thread in question started in 2008 with a query from someone about to move to Berlin, seeking advice about the best international school in which to enrol her three children. The ensuing conversations are revealing, not only because of the schools canvassed and the manner in which they are discussed, but also because of the schools that are not charted into the discussion. This paper raises questions about qualitative research methodologies in online settings, particularly in relation to studies of the global middle-class. It examines claims about an emerging commitment to “nonlocal ethnography” and the surmising one can make about research subjects one never meets, but who remain comprehensible because of the broader cultural context in which they are situated. The research carries the promise of “rich enough” ethnography, reflecting a commitment to understanding what people do, documenting and analysing the intricate realities influencing and shaping individual choices people make, the complexities they face and the realities they help create. The fact that it was done “at a distance”, in so-called virtual spaces, does not undermine its ethnographic authenticity.     

德国柏林工业大学的跨学科学术组织

本文简述了德国柏林工业大学的发展历史，重点阐述了20世纪90年代以来，柏林工业大学跨学科学术组织的发展和变革，并对其学术组织特征进行了分析，旨在进一步推动我国大学跨学科教育和科研的发展。     

从办学理念看柏林大学改革与北大改革的相异点

德国柏林大学继承中世纪大学学术自由，学术自治的理念并发扬先大，尤其是费西特、施莱尔玛赫、洪堡等人对柏林大学的改革更是对后世的近现代大学影响深远。蔡元培模仿德国模式改造北大．这就是中国的近代高等教育的一个典型例子。德国大学观对北京大学改革的深刻影响虽然带来了两者的相似性，但其差异性更是明显。本文试图从两者的办学理念、在办学理念的侧重点和主要倾向上的不同点以及两者对世界的不同影响这三个方面来阐述两者改革的相异点，以此能给予我们更大的启示。     

Must Liberal Support for Separate Schools be Subject to a Condition of Individual Autonomy?

A liberal state based on propositions about the desirability of individual autonomy is bound to be committed to educational programmes which are incompatible with the beliefs and values of parents from non-liberal religious and cultural minorities. One response to this has been support for public funding of those separate schools which offer an education culturally congruent with the values of parents in non-liberal communities. To resolve the potential threat to liberal individualist ideals a condition of support for individual autonomy is usually attached to liberal acceptance of this solution. This condition is in conflict with the motivation which underpins the setting up of such schools. Despite the growing literature on this debate surprisingly little attention has been given to the work of Isaiah Berlin. This article draws on Berlin's version of liberalism developed within the context of a commitment to value pluralism in order to seek clarification of this liberal dilemma.     

德国项目教学法在“旧建筑物拆迁”项目中的实际运用

马格德堡是德国职业教育的主要基地,项目教学法又是德国职业教育教学中最常用的培训方法。以“旧建筑物拆迁”项目为实例,阐述项目教学法使用时的前提条件分析、具体模式和需要注意的问题,希望这些经验能够在我国职业学校实训教学中得到借鉴。     

Symbolic uses of the Berlin Wall, 1961–1989

This essay presents the argument that samples from public discourse during the period 1961–1989 reveal several different symbolic uses of the Berlin Wall. Not only are these differences interesting from the point of view of rhetorical theory, they may reflect something of the never‐completed struggle between the U.S.A. and the Soviet Union, between the cultures these nations have made, and between the nations these cultures have made.     

Defining standards for rankings: An investigation of global university rankings according to the Berlin Principles

The role of universities as the engines of knowledge-based economies drives global internationalisation of higher education. This contributes to a competitive environment where higher education rankings indicate market value. Even though rankings are influential and are used a lot, ranking systems have been heavily critiqued. One of the problems is that there are few if any external checks on how rankings are created. The purpose of the study on which this article reports was to evaluate ranking systems. Within the scope of the study, we have sought to reveal to what extent current ranking systems comply with the Berlin Principles—prepared to create certain rules for rankings, and to ensure that rankings represent quality. A document analysis of publicly available documents online was carried out together with a review of printed and electronic publications on ranking systems. An evaluation form was prepared and used in this study for field experts to fill in. Findings show that ranking systems comply with the Berlin Principles in terms of methodology, transparency, and acceptability at a level that ranges from moderate to low. Overall, rankings do not consider differences in higher education and are not transparent about the processes by which rankings are developed. Rankings should for this reason be interpreted carefully and methodological weaknesses of rankings that can lead to false inferences should be recognised.     

The 1912 Olympic Games in Stockholm – The First Meeting of the Highly Trusted Men and What Happened to Them Since

At the Olympic Games in Stockholm in 1912, Johannes Sigfrid Edström, Avery Brundage, Carl Diem and Karl Ritter von Halt met each other for the first time and started to cooperate afterwards. From the 1930s they all played a very important role in IOC and in the Olympic System (I prefer system instead of movement). The article examines the role of the network in the international discussion about the Olympic Games in Berlin in 1936, the networks perceptions of the Jews and their cooperation with the Nazis, the networks importance for the denazification of Karl Ritter von Halt after the Second World War and the influence in IOC to West Germany and East Germany during the Cold War until the 1972 Olympics when East Germany participated for the first time as a sovereign state and Avery Brundage resigned as president of the IOC.