近期中国风水文化争议综述

近日随着建设部中国建筑文化中心和国际易学联合会主办的“首届中国建筑风水文化与健康地产发展国际论坛”在人民大会堂开幕和以建设部中国建筑文化中心与南京大学易学研究所名义开办的国内首个“建筑风水文化培训班”的开张,什么是风水,风水究竟是科学还是迷信,以及如何看待风水的影响与作用等,又成了学术界争议的热门话题。这一争议热潮有利于人们如何正确认识和对待风水。     

The Use and Misuse of Standardized Testing: A Whiteheadian Point of View

First an overview is given about the actual national and international situation concerning standardized testing. Then two major reasons are presented why accountability systems based on standardized testing have become so widespread: (a) the missing validity and reliability of teachers’ assessment of students’ achievement, and (b) the important role standardized testing plays for out-put management in educational systems.On the basis of these considerations Alfred North Whitehead’s critical remarks on external standardized testing are presented. Whitehead’s main point is that external standardized testing limits the freedom of teachers to adapt to the complex, situation specific circumstances in order to obtain a maximum of the creative learning process for students who are conceived as specialists. Instead external testings lead to “teaching to the test.” As a consequence, the attitude of creative, adventurous exploration is undermined and substituted by simple pattern recognition, narrow visions, and even boredom. Finally, the question is raised whether there is any possibility of developing a measurement tool which on the one side meets scientific test criteria, and on the other side is still flexible enough to do justice to needs of individual schools – which according to Whitehead are the essential educational unit – and not vice versa, as it is the case at present with external standardized testing. That such a flexible approach to evaluation is possible is demonstrated by the presentation of the basic ideas of the MSS (Module Approach to Self-Evaluation of School Development Projects) which has been developed and examined in ten schools by the author and his collaborators.     

柳宗元《与浩初上人同看山寄京华亲故》诗漫议

《与浩初上人同看山寄京华亲故》诗是柳宗元的重要代表作,但其中"化身"之说历来的诗评家、注释家或避略不言,或语焉不详。本文从佛经中求得"化身"的确切含义,以之揆度柳诗,果使其诗意豁而显之。     

做一名对学生终身负责的职校教师

面对当今的社会，作为一名合格的教师，就不仅仅是要教会学生几个有限的知识点，而是要教会学生做人，学会学习，对学生的终身负责。     

《大话西游》：一个“狂欢化”文本

《大话西游》是一个典型的大众文化文本,分析它受欢迎的原因可以解释大众文化的一些表征。《大话西游》的狂欢化的书写策略诸如,戏仿、脱冕、狂欢化的广场语言等产生了文本的狂欢化审美效果,因此我们说它是一个“狂欢化”文本。     

课程改革与数学教师的定位思考

面对新一轮的课程改革，作为教学环节中起主导作用的数学教师，必须认真审视课程改革的实质，体会新课程计划所体现的新精神，并在教学中转变教育教学观念，更新知识，发展潜力，成为实施新课程计划的新型教师。     

Mental toughness and transitions to high school and to undergraduate study

Mental toughness can be conceptualised as a set of attributes that allow people to deal effectively with challenges, stressors and pressure. Recent work has suggested that it may be a valuable construct to consider within educational settings. The current studies explored the associations between mental toughness and educational transitions. Study 1 examined the relationships between mental toughness and concerns about moving to a new school in 105 children aged 12–13 years of age. The results revealed significant relationships between several aspects of mental toughness, but particularly confidence in abilities, and children’s concerns. Study 2 examined the relationships between mental toughness and adjustment to university in 200 undergraduate students at various stages of their course. The results revealed a role for several aspects of mental toughness; commitment, control of life, control of emotion, confidence in abilities and interpersonal confidence. The results are discussed in terms of implications for educational practice. It is suggested that measures of mental toughness could be used to identify individuals who may benefit from additional support during transition to a new school or to university, and that future research should explore the potential benefits of mental toughness training.     

Three dimensions of equity of access to higher education

Concerns over equity of access to higher education are widespread, but there is significant disagreement over what should constitute a fair system. This article assesses diverse conceptualisations of equity and explores the ways in which they embody themselves in the policies of three systems, those of England, Brazil and Kenya. While showing significant disparities of income level and enrolment ratio, all three have made concerted efforts to expand higher education access, accompanied by increasing stratification in terms of the quality and prestige of institutions. Analysis of policy options and outcomes leads to a proposal of three principles for understanding equity of access: availability, accessibility and horizontality. The third of these principles addresses the little-acknowledged safeguard that disadvantaged students should not be confined to lower-quality institutions, while at the same time allowing for diversity of ethos and disciplinary focus.     

金泽荣爱国主义思想散论--兼论爱国主义的表现形式与生成途径

金泽荣是韩国近代著名诗人、文学家、历史学家，他不满日本对韩国的殖民统治，毅然离开故土，寓居中国南通，吟诗修史，走出了一条修史救国的、独特的文人救国之路，谱写了一曲爱国主义的不朽篇章。     

"以德治国"与大学生道德教育

江泽民同志提出“以德治国”的重要思想,是对社会主义道德建设的新发展。高校贯彻“以德治国”思想是时代发展的要求,也是加强当代大学生道德建设的内在需要。教育工作者要积极探索推进大学生道德教育的措施和方法,提高大学生的道德素质。