近十年本体应用的研究进展

将2005年以来本体在语义检索、信息系统、知识管理知识发现、机器翻译、医学生物学以及地理信息系统等领域的应用现状进行了总结分析;在对本体应用领域揭示的基础上,对今后的发展趋势进行了展望。     

水稻本体实例构建研究

实例是本体的重要组成部分,它在很大程度上决定了本体的可用性。而目前本体实例构建的难度甚至超过了本体构建本身,大多实例的获取、更新和扩充依靠人工完成,既花费大量时间,又难以保证质量。文章在已完成的水稻本体概念框架基础上,利用神经网络方法进行半自动水稻实例抽取,提出水稻本体实例构建框架。统计数据表明,该方法能够有效地提高本体实例构建效率,大幅度降低手工劳动水平,提高本体实例质量,为本体实例构建和本体走向实际应用提供了思路和方法。     

两岸三地高校图书馆RSS服务调研与展望

论文通过对我国两岸三地部分重点大学图书馆主页的调查,详细介绍了我国高校图书馆在RSS服务方面的现状以及存在的不足,并从丰富RSS服务内容、为用户提供更富人性化、个性化服务及RSS技术与其它新技术的融合创新应用等服务对策予以展望。     

Decomposing social and semantic networks in emerging “big data” research

This paper examines the structural patterns of networks of internationally co-authored SCI papers in the domain of research driven by big data and provides an empirical analysis of semantic patterns of paper titles. The results based on data collected from the DVD version of the 2011 SCI database identify the U.S. as the most central country, followed by the U.K., Germany, France, Italy, Australia, the Netherlands, Canada, and Spain, in that order. However, some countries (e.g., Portugal) with low degree centrality occupied relatively central positions in terms of betweenness centrality. The results of the semantic network analysis suggest that internationally co-authored papers tend to focus on primary technologies, particularly in terms of programming and related database issues. The results show that a combination of words and locations can provide a richer representation of an emerging field of science than the sum of the two separate representations.     

A new method for selecting English field association terms of compound words and its knowledge representation

This paper presents a strategy for building a morphological machine dictionary of English that infers meaning of derivations by considering morphological affixes and their semantic classification. Derivations are grouped into a frame that is accessible to semantic stem and knowledge base. This paper also proposes an efficient method for selecting compound Field Association (FA) terms from a large pool of single FA terms for some specialized fields. For single FA terms, five levels of association are defined and two ranks are defined, based on stability and inheritance. About 85% of redundant compound FA terms can be removed effectively by using levels and ranks proposed in this paper. Recall averages of 60–80% are achieved, depending on the type of text. The proposed methods are applied to 22,000 relationships between verbs and nouns extracted from the large tagged corpus.     

A review of ranking approaches for semantic search on Web

With ever increasing information being available to the end users, search engines have become the most powerful tools for obtaining useful information scattered on the Web. However, it is very common that even most renowned search engines return result sets with not so useful pages to the user. Research on semantic search aims to improve traditional information search and retrieval methods where the basic relevance criteria rely primarily on the presence of query keywords within the returned pages. This work is an attempt to explore different relevancy ranking approaches based on semantics which are considered appropriate for the retrieval of relevant information. In this paper, various pilot projects and their corresponding outcomes have been investigated based on methodologies adopted and their most distinctive characteristics towards ranking. An overview of selected approaches and their comparison by means of the classification criteria has been presented. With the help of this comparison, some common concepts and outstanding features have been identified.     

Ontology for knowledge management in software maintenance

The concept of ontologies has been widely reported in the literature, and has been described various ontological designs, but few works try to explain in practical terms how to design an ontology. On the other side, although it is widely accepted the importance of maintenance of software products, few ontological designs focus on applying techniques to manage knowledge to get it. This paper analyzes the ontologies proposed to address this need, in order to present information that can help to software development organizations in similar works. Besides, is described a methodological process to structure an ontology that can be applied to manage knowledge in software maintenance.     

基于Web Services的信息系统集成技术

提出了基于Web Services的校园信息系统整合方案。该方案能够让原有的应用程序、传统的组件模型、关系数据库等,通过Web Services结合形成完整而且稳固的Internet/In-tranet系统。以学生信息数据库为案例,利用SQL Server2000、C＋＋Builder 6和UDDI SDK,完成了校园信息系统集成架构中主要模块的编程实现和测试。     

海德堡大学的国际化与综合化

从海德堡大学的本科培养目标和培养模式可以清楚地看到,它是一所国际性、综合性的研究型大学。也可以说,注重国际化和综合化是海德堡大学的重要特点,它既体现了现代高等教育理念,也在很大程度上规定了高等教育的质量标准。     

中职电类专业课理实一体化教学初探

随着社会对劳动者的要求越来越高,传统的教学模式已经不能适应现代社会对职业教育的要求;采用“理实一体化”教学模式,能激发学生的学习兴趣,大大提高教学质量,增强学生的专业技能,培养出符合企业需求的高素质劳动者。