流动注射光纤荧光动力学法测定锰的研究——Mn（Ⅱ）—ANS-Brig35—NaIO4体系

以ANS-Brig35为荧光指示剂,研究了流动注射和光导纤维技术测定锰的催化动力学分析方法,线性范围为0.1-1.2μg.ml-1,检测下限为0.01μg.ml-1,对0.14μg.ml-1 Mn(Ⅱ)进行测定的相对标准偏差为0.22%,可以实现对茶叶、铝合金中的痕量锰的直接测定。     

氨茶碱的热分解动力学研究

用TG-DTG(热重-微分热重)联用技术研究了氨茶碱片剂在氮气气氛中的热分解行为。首先运用普适法Kissinger和Ozawa法计算了氨茶碱片剂的表观活化能E和指前因子lnA,然后运用一般积分法Coats-Redfern法和Satava-Sestak法推测了主分解阶段的最佳热分解机理,推测出热分解机理为相边界反应,求出了热分解反应的表观活化能和指前因子。几种方法求得的表观活化能和指前因子的平均值分别为113.933KJ/mol,lnA为22.101(1/min).用malek法对所得结果进行了验证,进一步证明所得动力学参数和机理函数的正确性。     

人教版高中《化学·必修1》“从实验学化学”的调查研究

人教版高中《化学.必修1》第一章"从实验学化学",与新课程标准必修模块"认识化学科学和化学实验基础"两个主题相对应。为了解学生运用人教版教材学习此章的情况,我们从内容选择、呈现方式、组织结构、实验设计、总体目标达成度等维度对湖南地区师生进行了问卷调查和访谈,通过统计分析,为高中化学教材编写提供建议。     

工业用水化学防垢剂的应用研究进展

阐述了常见化学防垢荆的类型、性能及研究应用现状,针对现有化学防垢剂的防垢特点,作者特别指出了一种新型的防垢剂——纳米诱垢剂,该防垢剂可有效地应用于油田水处理中,特别对于油田水中的硫酸钡／锶垢具有很好的防垢效果,并指出了化学防垢剂今后的工作重点和发展方向。     

Chemical and isotope characterization of lead finds at the Santa Barbara nuraghe (Bauladu, Sardinia)

Twenty lead finds, unearthed in Late Bronze–Early Iron Age levels at the Santa Barbara nuraghe situated at Bauladu in Sardinia (Italy), have been examined. Their chemical composition has been determined using the ICP-MS plasma-mass technique (Cu, Fe, As, Ag, Sn, Sb, Bi, Zn, Cs, Tl, Mo, Cd, In, Te, W, Th, U, Li, Se). Lead isotope ratios (208/206, 207/206, 206/204) have also been determined. The results are discussed in relation to the mineral source and some aspects of the metal extraction processes. The finds are composed of high purity lead obtained using a smelting at low temperature. Based on the isotope ratios it has been possible to establish that the metal originated from Sardinian ore deposits type.     

A pilot scale trickling filter with pebble gravel as media and its performance to remove chemical oxygen demand from synthetic brewery wastewater

Evaluating the performance of a biotrickling filter for the treatment of wastewaters produced by a company manufacturing beer was the aim of this study. A pilot scale trickling filter filled with gravel was used as the experimental biofilter. Pilot scale plant experiments were made to evaluate the performance of the trickling filter aerobic and anaerobic biofilm systems for removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nutrients from synthetic brewery wastewater. Performance evaluation data of the trickling filter were generated under different experimental conditions. The trickling filter had an average efficiency of (86.81±6.95)% as the hydraulic loading rate increased from 4.0 to 6.4 m³/(m²·d). Various COD concentrations were used to adjust organic loading rates from 1.5 to 4.5 kg COD/(m³·d). An average COD removal efficiency of (85.10±6.40)% was achieved in all wastewater concentrations at a hydraulic loading of 6.4 m³/(m²·d). The results lead to a design organic load of 1.5 kg COD/(m³·d) to reach an effluent COD in the range of 50–120 mg/L. As can be concluded from the results of this study, organic substances in brewery wastewater can be handled in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner using the gravel-filled trickling filter.     

β-receptor blocker influences return of spontaneous circulation and chemical examination in rats during cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Objective

We investigated the influence of β-receptor blocker metoprolol on return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in rats with induced myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: the sham-operated group, the MI group without metoprolol, which was fed the vehicle, and the MI+metoprolol group receiving intragastric metoprolol. Each group was further divided randomly into three subgroups, depending on the dosage of epinephrine administered during subsequent CPR applied after the induction of asphyxial cardiac arrest.

Results

The ROSC rate was significantly decreased in the low dose subgroup of MI group, unchanged in the medium dose subgroup of MI group, and significantly decreased in the high dose subgroup of MI group, compared with the same dose subgroup of sham-operated group. MI+metoprolol group had a lower ROSC rate than MI group in the medium dose subgroup, and a higher ROSC rate than MI group in the high dose subgroup. There was no difference in blood K⁺ values of successful rats between MI group and MI+metoprolol group. The rats with successful CPR had lower blood K⁺ values than rats with unsuccessful CPR in each of the three treatment groups.

Conclusions

Metoprolol administered to MI rats over a long period significantly improved ROSC rates under an appropriate dose of epinephrine during CPR. An increasing high blood K⁺ value would attenuate the rate of a successful CPR.     

Students' Pre- and Post-Teaching Analogical Reasoning When They Draw their Analogies

Analogies are parts of human thought. From them, we can acquire new knowledge or change that which already exists in our cognitive structure. In this sense, understanding the analogical reasoning process becomes an essential condition to understand how we learn. Despite the importance of such an understanding, there is no general agreement in cognitive science literature about this issue. In this study, we investigated students' analogical reasoning as a creative process where an environment was set up to foster the students' generating and explaining their own analogies. Data were gathered from pre- and post-teaching interviews, in which the 13–14-year-old students were asked to make comparisons that could explain how atoms are bound. Such data supported the discussion about how students reasoned analogically. Our results made it evident that the task aims and the students' salient knowledge exerted a great influence on the drawing of analogies.     

双燃料发动机燃烧模型研究综述

发动机燃烧模型的发展经历了零维模型,准维模型,多雏模型三个阶段。双燃料发动机是气体燃料使用的主要方式,针对国内外双燃料发动机燃烧模型的研究进展和现状,介绍了气体-柴油双燃料发动机的三维燃烧模型应包含的子模型和计算方法。     

BP Group and CAS institute to co-establish an energy lab in Dalian

The CAS Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(DICP)and BP Group will join efforts to set up an Energy Innovation Laboratory(BP- DICP EIL)at DICP.The agreement for the new initiative was signed by DICP Director ZHANG Tao and BP Group Vice President Tony Meggs on 5 December,2007 in Dalian. According to the agreement, BP will donate $3 million to the new lab,which will be part of the forthcoming National Laboratory for Clean Energy Sources.In addition,the company promises to annually contribute no less than ...