Why do firms acquire technology?: The example of DSM's ammonia plants, 1925-1970

This article analyses markets for technology from a buyer's perspective: the question why firms acquire technology is the central research question. An in-depth historical case study of a chemical company is confronted with systematic and economic research. The acquisition of complete plants by the particular firm under study is explained and several factors are proposed which may help further research on markets for technology.     

热处理对连续玄武岩纤维化学性质的影响

本文对热处理连续玄武岩纤堆进行了电镜扫描及化学稳定性的测试,初步探讨了结构与化学稳定性之间的关系。结果表明:在一定范围内随着热处理温度的升高,晶体结构发展趋于完善,化学稳定性提高。当温度继续提高时,则连续玄武岩纤维发生了晶体结构的改变。     

Recovery of Dilute Acetic Acid by Catalytic Distillation Using NKC-9 as Catalyst

The reaction kinetics of dilute acetic acid with methanol using NKC-9 as catalyst was studied at temperatures of 308 K, 318 K, 323 K, 328 K. The kinetic model based on Langmuir-Hinshel-wood rate model was derived and the activation energy was 6.13×104 kJ/kmol. The experiment of recovery of dilute acetic acid was conducted in a packed bed catalytic distillation column. The optimal process parameters and operational conditions determined to make up to 85.9% conversion of acetic acid are as follows:the height of catalyst bed is 1 100 mm, reflux ratio is 4:1, and the ratio of methanol to acetic acid is 2:1. The method can be used as a guide in industrial scale recovery of 15%-30% dilute acetic acid.     

模式识别在化学工程中的应用

运用模糊集理论及模式识别,对催化剂再生活性、流体流型和裂解炉结焦周期的识别,通过对不同距离和贴近度的计算,取得了良好的效果。     

如何加强化工专业本科学生的安全教育

根据中国石油大学(华东)本科化工专业认证中存在的问题,结合化工专业的专业特点,提出了在本科化工专业中加强安全教育是培养高素质复合型化工专业人才的重要途径.在化工专业学科建设中,应该明确安全教育所扮演的重要角色,加强学生的安全教育.加强本科化工专业学生的安全教育主要有培养安全意识、优化课程设置、充分发挥多媒体教学的优势和增强实践环节等途径.     

Mastery,insight, and the teaching of chemistry

The learning of chemistry is described as a process analogous to the process of making chemical discoveries. Historical examples are given to show how chemists have used their insight to break out of a conceptual loop in order to advance the science. Having the insight to make the intuitive leap necessary to break a conceptual loop is as important as having the mastery of the pertinent facts. As in making chemical discoveries, learning elementary chemistry requires developing insight as well as acquiring mastery of the facts. However, current general chemistry teaching tends to teach facts first and insight later. Suggestions for improving this situation so that insight and facts are learned together are given. Finally, the nature of insight is probed more deeply and presented as a two-step process where the first step is an evaluation of the perceptions about science which are held. Once the student, teacher, or researcher has a clear evaluation of the validity of the perceptions that he or she holds, further significant progress toward understanding or scientific discovery is possible.     

Polymerization of methyl methacrylate with ethylene bridged heterodinuclear metallocene of samarium and titanium-study on synergism and kinetics

Comparison of MMA polymerization results with samarocene chloride, titanocene chloride and the title heterodinuclear (Sm−Ti) catalyst, respectively, showed synergism in the Sm-Ligand-Ti system, which obviously influenced the polymerization behaviors, for example, of yeilding higher activity and higher molecular weight polymer. Kinetic studies on polymerization of MMA with ethylene bridged samarocene and titanocene chloride/Al(i-Bu)₃ showed that the polymerization rate was first-order on the catalyst concentration, and 1.9-order on the monomer. The overall activation energy measured was 52.8 kJ/mol. Project supported by NSFC (No. 20074028), and SINOPEC(X598037).     

《化工传递过程原理》课程教学探索

为了更好地服务于“卓越工程师培养计划”等人才强国战略,学校注重培养学生的创新能力与专业实践技能。作为一门理论性较强的课程,如何合理安排教学内容,改革教学方法,适应专业人才培养新形势,是本课程教学的核心问题。文章结合《化工传递过程原理》课程特点和本校人才培养状况,浅谈一些教学体会。     

Adsorption of Cu^2 ＋, Zn^2＋ and Cd^2＋ on Bacillus subtilis

A process of biosorption of Cu2 , Zn2 and Cd2 on Bacillus subtilis was investigated. The experiments show that the process of biosorption is quite fast. The maximum adsorption was reached after 5 min and hardly changed with time. The experimental data was analyzed using four sorption kinetic models: the pseudo-first-order, the Ritchie second-order, the modified second-order and the Elovich equations, which helped to determine the best-fit equation for the sorption of metal ions onto biomass. The results show that both the Ritchie second-order and modified second-order equations can fit the experimental data. The Langmuir model is able to accurately describe adsorption of Cu2 and Zn2 on B. subtilis. The experimental data points of adsorption Cd2 and Zn2 on B. subtilis are described by Freundlich isotherms model.     

Investigation on Crystallization Kinetics of Zr-AI-Based Bulk Amorphous Alloys

Zr65Al10Ni10Cu15, Zr52.5Al10Ni10Cu15Be12.5 and Zr52.5Al10Ni14.6 Cu17.9Ti5bulk amorphous alloys were prepared by copper mould casting. The crystallization kinetics was measured by differential scanning calorimeter(DSC) with different heating rates, and the activation energy was calculated using Kissinger equation. The relationship between thermal stability and rate constant of crystallization reaction is discussed on the view of crystallization kinetics, and the effect of small atom Beryllium on thermal stability of bulk amorphous alloys is also studied.