有机化学实验课教学实践的思考

化学实验课是高等化学教育的重要课程,是理论与实践相结合的综合课程,也是多学科理论具体应用的课程。确立化学实验课的正确地位,培养优秀的化学实验教师队伍,认真研究化学实验的教学方法与教学内容,切实提高教学水平,才能培养出较高素质的化学化工人才。     

《化工仪表及自动化》跨专业跨学科教学特点研究

化工仪表及自动化是跨专业跨学科教学的课程,作者分析了课程特色以及目前教学中存在的问题,提出了针对学生的专业特性进行教学改革,并从教学内容、教学方法、教学手段以及实验教学等方面进行了探索与实践.     

《化学工业分析》专业课程考核改革与实践研究

为了充分发挥考试、考核在教学和人才培养中的指导作用,结合《化学工业分析》专业课程的教学目标和要求,改革原有的考核模式,采取将课堂出勤、课堂互动、课后作业、课程学习心得总结以及期末总结性考核有机结合起来的多元化考试、考核方法,激励和提高学生的学习兴致与专业技能。实践证明,该多元化的考核方式激励了学生的学习兴致,改善了课程教学质量和效果,提高了学生的专业技能水平,开发了学生的创新实践能力。     

Assessing the Higher National Diploma Chemical Engineering programme in Ghana: students’ perspective

Chemical engineers have played key roles in the growth of the chemical and allied industries in Ghana but indigenous industries that have traditionally been the domain of the informal sector need to be migrated to the formal sector through the entrepreneurship and innovation of chemical engineers. The Higher National Diploma Chemical Engineering programme is being migrated from a subject-based to a competency-based curriculum. This paper evaluates the programme from the point of view of students. Data were drawn from a survey conducted in the department and were analysed using SPSS. The survey involved administering questionnaires to students at all levels in the department. Analysis of the responses indicated that the majority of the students had decided to pursue chemical engineering due to the career opportunities available. Their knowledge of the programme learning outcomes was, however, poor. The study revealed that none of the students was interested in developing indigenous industries.     

产学研互动,提高化工专业本科毕业论文（设计）质量的探索

本文分析了目前毕业实习（论文）存在的问题,提出了毕业论文（设计）实施产学研互动教学模式的可行性,介绍了实施这种教学模式的几种方式、采取的措施和获得的成效,并对进一步实施产学研互动教学模式提出了几点设想。     

Chemical and isotope characterization of lead finds at the Santa Barbara nuraghe (Bauladu, Sardinia)

Twenty lead finds, unearthed in Late Bronze–Early Iron Age levels at the Santa Barbara nuraghe situated at Bauladu in Sardinia (Italy), have been examined. Their chemical composition has been determined using the ICP-MS plasma-mass technique (Cu, Fe, As, Ag, Sn, Sb, Bi, Zn, Cs, Tl, Mo, Cd, In, Te, W, Th, U, Li, Se). Lead isotope ratios (208/206, 207/206, 206/204) have also been determined. The results are discussed in relation to the mineral source and some aspects of the metal extraction processes. The finds are composed of high purity lead obtained using a smelting at low temperature. Based on the isotope ratios it has been possible to establish that the metal originated from Sardinian ore deposits type.     

β-receptor blocker influences return of spontaneous circulation and chemical examination in rats during cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Objective

We investigated the influence of β-receptor blocker metoprolol on return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in rats with induced myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: the sham-operated group, the MI group without metoprolol, which was fed the vehicle, and the MI+metoprolol group receiving intragastric metoprolol. Each group was further divided randomly into three subgroups, depending on the dosage of epinephrine administered during subsequent CPR applied after the induction of asphyxial cardiac arrest.

Results

The ROSC rate was significantly decreased in the low dose subgroup of MI group, unchanged in the medium dose subgroup of MI group, and significantly decreased in the high dose subgroup of MI group, compared with the same dose subgroup of sham-operated group. MI+metoprolol group had a lower ROSC rate than MI group in the medium dose subgroup, and a higher ROSC rate than MI group in the high dose subgroup. There was no difference in blood K⁺ values of successful rats between MI group and MI+metoprolol group. The rats with successful CPR had lower blood K⁺ values than rats with unsuccessful CPR in each of the three treatment groups.

Conclusions

Metoprolol administered to MI rats over a long period significantly improved ROSC rates under an appropriate dose of epinephrine during CPR. An increasing high blood K⁺ value would attenuate the rate of a successful CPR.     

Students' Pre- and Post-Teaching Analogical Reasoning When They Draw their Analogies

Analogies are parts of human thought. From them, we can acquire new knowledge or change that which already exists in our cognitive structure. In this sense, understanding the analogical reasoning process becomes an essential condition to understand how we learn. Despite the importance of such an understanding, there is no general agreement in cognitive science literature about this issue. In this study, we investigated students' analogical reasoning as a creative process where an environment was set up to foster the students' generating and explaining their own analogies. Data were gathered from pre- and post-teaching interviews, in which the 13–14-year-old students were asked to make comparisons that could explain how atoms are bound. Such data supported the discussion about how students reasoned analogically. Our results made it evident that the task aims and the students' salient knowledge exerted a great influence on the drawing of analogies.     

BP Group and CAS institute to co-establish an energy lab in Dalian

The CAS Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(DICP)and BP Group will join efforts to set up an Energy Innovation Laboratory(BP- DICP EIL)at DICP.The agreement for the new initiative was signed by DICP Director ZHANG Tao and BP Group Vice President Tony Meggs on 5 December,2007 in Dalian. According to the agreement, BP will donate $3 million to the new lab,which will be part of the forthcoming National Laboratory for Clean Energy Sources.In addition,the company promises to annually contribute no less than ...     

阴离子对γ—Al2O3外表面的化学修饰

用硅酸乙酯溶液和氟化铵溶液浸渍的方法对γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３外表面进行化学修饰,用比表面积测量仪和四氯化碳吸附法测量了比表面积及比孔容,用常压微反色谱连用装置评价了催化剂在甲醇脱水反应中的催化性能。结果表明,不同焙烧温度、不同浸渍条件对γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的表面结构及催化性能具有一定的影响。