运用建构主义学习理论创建外语教学新理念

建构主义强调以学习者为中心,把“情境”、“协作”、“会话”、“意义建构作为学习环境中的四大要素。强调学习环境中的情境必须有利于学习者建构意义的情境创设,使学习者真正进入教学的真实情境。通过学习者的协作、对学习资料的搜索与分析探究,提出问题、提出设想和进行验证,发现规律以及对某些学习成果的评价。创建的新型外语课堂教学模式将是改变过去那种过分重视语法和词汇知识的讲解与传授而忽视学生实际语言能力培养的状况。教师的职责是对学生创造性的培养,教学的重心是“学会学习”。要培养学生的批判意识和怀疑意识,鼓励学生对书本的质疑和对教师的超越,赞赏学生独特性和富有个性的理解和表达。     

What do people know about key environmental issues? A review of environmental knowledge surveys

This paper presents results from 15 little publicized state and national environmental surveys in the US that used similar questions. Our analysis reveals trends in adult understanding of environmental issues. These trends indicate that many may have difficulty making informed decisions about environmental policy as citizens, voters, and consumers. Some environmental myths are still prevalent in the US public’s understanding of environmental issues. The authors compare data from the National Environmental Education Foundation survey in the US and data from state surveys using the same questions to examine how public knowledge has changed from 1995 to 2008. Environmental myths and how they may affect the public’s perception of environmental topics are discussed. The authors suggest the need for greater consistency in the surveys of environmental knowledge to allow comparison among different studies.     

基于形成性考核评价学生自主学习能力的一种定量分析方法

学生自主学习能力的评价一般采用定性或定量的方法,在认为学生形成性考核成绩是自主学习能力的某种标志的基础上,本文利用模糊综合评价研究这一方法,为定量评价学生自主学习能力提供了一种途径。     

形成性评价在英文报刊阅读教学中的实践探讨

英文报刊阅读课程主要针对学生的阅读、翻译和语言综合运用能力进行培养.形成性评价运用于英文报刊阅读课程中,可以通过跟踪学习过程有效整合语言知识技能目标、文化目标和人文素养目标三者的达成度评价,这样不仅能够弥补以书面考试为主的终结性评价方式的不足,而且也有利于充分激发和维持学生的英语学习热情,培养学生的自我评价能力,发挥学生学习的主观能动性,培养学生的思辨能力、自主学习能力、自我管理能力和自我约束能力,在获得成就感的同时增强学习英语的自信心.教学实践证明,在英文报刊阅读教学中采用教师观察、自评互评、学习档案、访谈等形成性评价手段,能够充分尊重学生个体差异和学习优势,提升学习效果.与此同时授课教师可以及时发现英文报刊阅读教学中存在的问题,及时改进教学,提升教学效果.     

Does calibration reduce variability in the assessment of accounting learning outcomes?

Reliable, consistent assessment process that produces comparable assessment grades between assessors and institutions is a core activity and an ongoing challenge with which universities have failed to come to terms. In this paper, we report results from an experiment that tests the impact of an intervention designed to reduce grader variability and develop a shared understanding of national threshold learning standards by a cohort of reviewers. The intervention involved consensus moderation of samples of accounting students’ work, with a focus on three research questions. First, what is the quantifiable difference in grader variability on the assessment of learning outcomes in ‘application skills’ and ‘judgement’? Second, does participation in the workshops lead to reduced disparity in the assessment of the students’ learning outcomes in ‘application skills’ and ‘judgement’? Third, does participation in the workshops lead to greater confidence by reviewers in their ability to assess students’ skills in application skills and judgement? Our findings suggest consensus moderation does reduce variability across graders and also builds grader confidence.     

“双一流”建设“双一流”建设背景下二级学院内部治理的机制与架构

二级学院是具有自我适应力、发展力、调控力的自组织,治理是助推学院实力提升的应然选项。在“双一流”建设背景下,学院是一流大学建设的核心引擎,治理是学院职能最大化的有力手段。内生共治是一流学院内部治理的应然机制,其核心环节包括:权力下沉的动力机制、民主决策的耦合机制、权责配位的运行机制与灵敏精准的自调机制。治理共生体是一流学院治理的组织架构,搭建运转有效的多元利益集成体、学院制度网点、公共互动空间与权力自律体系是实现一流学院治理愿景的组织建设线路。     

由萨班斯法案引发的思考

尽管内部控制在西方已有较长的演进历史,且其理论研究比较成熟,但公司欺诈舞弊的行为依然时有发生,资本市场的诚信不断受到挑战。直至《萨班斯法案》出台后,内部控制的发展开始步入一个崭新的监控时代。它使得内部控制的理论得以拓展,内部控制的执行得以有效保障。我国正处于内部控制发展与完善的关键时期,更应密切关注新的控制思想和新的控制理论,并在此基础上结合我国现实情况,以理论研究为支撑,政府组织适度监控为关键,加快推进这项系统工程的建设。     

论特殊教育的生态评估

特殊教育的生态评估是人类行为与环境之间互动关系在概念上日渐改变的结果。本文就生态评态的重要性、生态评估的概念及特征、生态评估的理论依据,以及生态评估的常用方法进行阐述。同时特别强调生态评估的重点是事先肯定学生都有能力而且可能在不久伪将来就会实际参与生活中的各项活动。