邓小平关于共同富裕前提与保障的思想探析

随着改革的深入,怎样缩小过大的收入差距、实现共同富裕、成了我们必须思考的现实问题。在邓小平看来,避免两极分化是共同富裕的前提;坚持公有制为主体是共同富裕的保障。只有坚持了共同富裕的前提和保障,共同富裕才不会成为泡影。     

《春秋经传集解》对训诂学的贡献

《春秋经传集解》是魏晋时代一部重要的古籍注本,其训诂视角承袭汉儒,又有所发展变化,注重对历法、地理、人物、礼制的考释,并借此来深入阐释经传;重视探究经传的联系,通过经传相互发明,解《经》说《传》。《集解》释词说句全面承袭汉儒传统,又有所发挥,注重揭示词句在经传中的特定含义,前后勾连,以交代与被释词句相关史事的方式来帮助读者读懂经传。     

严复与近代中国自由主义思想范式的确立

严复是近代中国第一个系统阐发自由主义的启蒙思想家,他建构了一个囊括政治、经济、伦理和思想言论自由等诸多内容在内的自由主义理论系统。严复在肯定个体自由的终极价值的同时,主张群体自由与个体自由的平衡与协调,认为群体自由与个体自由在不同历史时期和社会发展阶段,二者应有所侧重或有先后之分。出于救亡图存的现实考虑,严复主张国群自由优先于个体自由。严复对国群自由与小己自由两种价值的关怀与思考,表征着近代中国自由主义独特的问题意识,即珍视个人自由与追求国家富强的内在困境。严复自由主义思想的系统性和个性特色为近代中国自由主义规定了大致走向,基本确立了近代中国自由主义的思想范式。     

向下超越和向上求索——论路内长篇小说《慈悲》的哲理意蕴

路内的长篇小说《慈悲》是其"中年转型"之作。小说虽然写了国营工厂以及生活在工厂里的工人近半个世纪的命运变迁,但却有着自己形而上的追求,具有丰富的哲理意蕴。《慈悲》在对死亡事件的重复书写中,彰显了人从生到死、从有到无的命运逻辑,并追问了人在无中如何争取有、在死中如何获取生的问题。而在回答这一问题时,小说主要通过对比师傅、根生、宿小东和水生四人面对工厂秩序的不同态度来书写不同的生存意识,传达自己的生活信念,最终肯定了水生在日常生活中既能向下超越,又能向上求索的生活信念。     

Epideictic Rhetoric in the Service of War: George W. Bush on Iraq and the 60th Anniversary of the Victory over Japan

This essay explores the relationship between epideictic discourse and war through the analysis of George W. Bush's August 20, 2005, address at the Naval Air Station near San Diego, ostensibly to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the Allied victory over Japan. The case also serves as an exemplar for how Bush routinely interwove epideictic appeals with collective memories of World War II in order to promote the Iraq war and deflect criticism of his policies there. Bush praised the greatest generation and linked it to the current generation; blamed and dehumanized enemies of the past and present; advocated for war based on “lessons” from the past; and reinforced a shared identity to instill both obligation and confidence.     

From Wall Street to Wellington: Protests in an Era of Digital Ubiquity

The Occupy movement is said to represent a new generation of post-Seattle protests, driven by social networking, and breaking from organizing practices in previous eras. This study analyzes the Occupy Wellington protest to shed light on the role of protests in an era of digital media ubiquity. Based on the participant observation as well as 76 brief interviews, the study explores how activists used digital media, and examines the broader institutional logics that shaped organizing dynamics at the protest. The analysis discusses digital media saturation and the multiple institutional logics that activists drew from in their organizing, including collective action, connective action, aggregation, and networking. We argue that digital ubiquity marks the onset of a profound hybridity rather than an abrupt change in activist organizing practices.     

“Maybe I can teach those kids.” The influence of contextual factors on student teachers’ efficacy beliefs

This study investigated student teachers’ efficacy beliefs, collective teacher efficacy beliefs, and perceived cooperating teachers’ efficacy beliefs. These student teacher beliefs were examined with the focus on context, primarily the school setting (i.e., rural, suburban, and urban), to determine whether setting played a role in the development of the student teachers’ efficacy beliefs. The research participants included 102 student teachers. All three setting groups exhibited significant increases in teachers’ sense of efficacy following student teaching. Urban student teachers exhibited significantly lower perceived collective efficacy. Perceived cooperating teachers’ efficacy was predictive of and positively related to the student teachers’ post-TSES scores.     

农民专业合作组织规模问题分析——基于集体行动理论

目前农民专业合作组织发展数量多,但规模普遍偏小,对农民的带动能力不强。针对这种现状,本文运用集体行动理论进行分析。研究结果表明：从集体行动角度看,农民专业合作组织规模小的主要原因是小规模的农民专业合作组织能使集体内成员和主要发起人的收益增大,组织成本降低,组织内激励效果明显等。文章在此基础上进一步提出拓展专业合作经济组织规模的对策。     

“I am” versus “we are”: Effects of distinctive variants of self-talk on efficacy beliefs and motor performance

Abstract

Before completing a team-based dart-throwing activity, 80 undergraduates were randomly assigned to one of three pre-performance self-talk conditions: (a) self-talk statements that focused upon one's personal capabilities, (b) self-talk statements emphasizing the group's capabilities, or (c) a control condition where neutral statements were implemented. Participants in all conditions subsequently rated their confidence in their own (i.e. self-efficacy) as well as their team's (i.e. collective efficacy) capabilities, before carrying out the task. Overall, self-efficacy, collective efficacy, and performance indicators were all greatest for individuals who practised self-talk focusing on the group's capabilities, as opposed to individual-focused and neutral conditions. Findings are considered with respect to their novel theoretical contribution to the social cognition literature and their implications for fostering efficacy perceptions and team performance.