Why McNemar's Procedure Needs to be Included in the Business Statistics Curriculum

In business research situations it is often of interest to examine the differences in the responses in repeated measurements of the same subjects or from among matched or paired subjects. A simple and useful procedure for comparing differences between proportions in two related samples was devised by McNemar (1947) nearly 60 years ago. Although the technique has enjoyed widespread usage in both behavioral and medical research, it has unfortunately not received proper attention in marketing, advertising, consumer research, public relations, operations management, or organizational behavior endeavors—disciplines wherein it is particularly desirable to evaluate the significance of changes in attitudes, opinions, or beliefs regarding some campaign or strategy. Perhaps the major reason for this obscurity is simply a general lack of awareness as to its value and practical power. The McNemar test is generally not currently being taught to business statistics students. It is the purpose of this article to demonstrate the usefulness and applicability of the McNemar procedure to these aforementioned disciplines so that it may be more appropriately employed as an important confirmatory data analysis tool within the basic business statistics curriculum.     

近代报刊与近代戏剧

近代报刊与近代戏剧关系密切。近代传奇杂剧作品绝大多数在报刊杂志上发表，推动了传奇杂剧作家创作心态、作品题材、体制乃至接受方式的近代转型。近代报刊与作为大众艺术的戏剧尤其是舞台演出的关系之间，形成了良性互动。近代报刊促成戏剧观念的变革，并成为近代戏剧改良运动的舆论阵地。     

关于我国消费者协会完善的几点建议

对消费者的保护是一项复杂的系统工程,消费者社会组织在其中具有重要的作用。我国的消费者社会组织主要是中国消费者协会和地方各级消费者协会,自成立起为维护消费者权益做出积极的贡献。但是相比较而言,我国消费者协会的功能还具有很大的局限性,在组织机构设置、发挥教育消费者职能、为消费者寻求救济提供服务等方面都需要进一步改进。     

Understanding the effects of physical experience and information integration on consumer use of online to offline commerce

Online to Offline (O2O) commerce commands intense attention from both academic and practical fields, but the unique features of O2O commerce and how these features affect consumer use of O2O commerce remain unclear. Based on an analysis of the features of O2O commerce, we build a research model integrating perceived value theory and the technology acceptance model to examine the influence of the features of O2O commerce on consumer use intention. The research model is tested with data collected from a field survey using structural equation modelling. Two crucial features of O2O commerce, namely, “physical experience” and “integration of online and offline information”, are shown to exert significant impacts on consumer use intention via the classic core constructs of perceived benefit, perceived usefulness, and perceived value. The findings validate the two features’ impact on consumer use of O2O commerce via both technological and economic attributes. The implications for merchants’ and platforms’ operation in O2O commerce are discussed.     

The impact of social media on consumer acculturation: Current challenges,opportunities, and an agenda for research and practice

The concept of acculturation has been based on the assumption of an adaptation process, whereby immigrants lose aspects of their heritage cultures in favour of aspects of a host culture (i.e. assimilation). Past research has shown that acculturation preferences result in various possibilities and influence consumption behaviour. However, the impact of social media on consumer acculturation is underexplored, although the social purpose and information sharing online is utilized for a variety of social purposes. Recent studies have shown the transformation from an offline to an online context, in which social networks play an integral part in immigrants’ communications, relationships and connections. This study merges the views from a number of leading contributors to highlight significant opportunities and challenges for future consumer acculturation research influenced by social media. The research provides insights into the impact of social media on consumer acculturation.     

A comparative assessment of sentiment analysis and star ratings for consumer reviews

Electronic word of mouth (eWOM) is prominent and abundant in consumer domains. Both consumers and product/service providers need help in understanding and navigating the resulting information spaces, which are vast and dynamic. The general tone or polarity of reviews, blogs or tweets provides such help. In this paper, we explore the viability of automatic sentiment analysis (SA) for assessing the polarity of a product or a service review. To do so, we examine the potential of the major approaches to sentiment analysis, along with star ratings, in capturing the true sentiment of a review. We further model contextual factors (specifically, product type and review length) as two moderators affecting SA accuracy. The results of our analysis of 900 reviews suggest that different tools representing the main approaches to SA display differing levels of accuracy, yet overall, SA is very effective in detecting the underlying tone of the analyzed content, and can be used as a complement or an alternative to star ratings. The results further reveal that contextual factors such as product type and review length, play a role in affecting the ability of a technique to reflect the true sentiment of a review.     

Glory Out of Reflected Failure: The examination of how rivalry affects sport fans

Most studies on participant or fan rivalry have employed quantitative methods to investigate the phenomenon (Kilduff et al., 2010, Kimble and Cooper, 1992, Smith and Schwartz, 2003). The current study adds to the existing literature by using qualitative analysis to investigate the way fans make meaning of the rivalry. Intercollegiate football and men's basketball fans in the United States were interviewed about their perceptions of their favourite and rival teams, and the enjoyment they experienced when someone other than their favourite team defeated the identified rival. Social identity theory guided the investigation (Tajfel, 1974), and four themes were identified regarding fan reactions to rivalry: (1) socialisation, (2) in-group bias, (3) sense of satisfaction and (4) out-group indirect competition. Further, Glory Out of Reflected Failure (GORFing) extends research on disidentification (Elsbach & Bhattacharya, 2001), in-group bias (Tajfel, 1969, Turner, 1982), and schadenfreude (Heider, 1958) and asserts that fans will rejoice when their rival team has been defeated in indirect competition. Findings from the current study provide academics and administrators many avenues to further the understanding of fan social psychology and sport rivalry. Theoretical and practical implications of the current study along with areas for future research are presented.     

从服饰评论中看近代中日女性服饰改良

中日两国的近代是东西方文化大碰撞的时期,伴随着民主主义思潮的流入两国的女性拉开了关注女性生活与女权意识的帷幕。两国女性服饰改良推进记载着当时社会思潮的历史,本文拟从近代中日两国妇女杂志对女性服饰改良的评论入手对近代两国女性服饰改革进行粗浅探析。     

拉、派价格指数的平均数形式及其应用

测定大规模商品总体价格综合动态，要编制拉，派指数变形的平均数指数，消费价格指数按拉氏平均数形式编制的原理与方法。拉，派指数平均数形式怎样应用于空间指数的编制。     

消费社会下电视媒体的女性话语建构的得与失

文章通过分析明确了时尚类女性节目负担着重新建构新女性形象的重任。同时,提出了媒体应该改进时尚类节目,取其精华、去其糟粕,应该内外兼修,构建女性气质。