深度学习导向下小学数学交流策略的实践分析

知识型经济时代的到来使社会逐渐提升了对人才的要求,需具有一定的逻辑思维能力以及掌握一定的数学思想方法与数学交流能力。与传统教学方式相比,深度教学有着巨大的优势与良好的发展前景,不仅能够培养学生良好的逻辑思维与数学思想,还能在教学的同时贯彻素质教育,促进学生素质水平的提升。     

A Recursive tree-structured neural network with goal forgetting and information aggregation for solving math word problems

Most existing state-of-the-art neural network models for math word problems use the Goal-driven Tree-Structured decoder (GTS) to generate expression trees. However, we found that GTS does not provide good predictions for longer expressions, mainly because it does not capture the relationships among the goal vectors of each node in the expression tree and ignores the position order of the nodes before and after the operator. In this paper, we propose a novel Recursive tree-structured neural network with Goal Forgetting and information aggregation (RGFNet) to address these limits. The goal forgetting and information aggregation module is based on ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and we use it to build a sub-goal information feedback neural network (SGIFNet). Unlike GTS, which uses two-layer gated-feedforward networks to generate goal vectors, we introduce a novel sub-goal generation module. The sub-goal generation module could capture the relationship among the related nodes (e.g. parent nodes, sibling nodes) using attention mechanism. Experimental results on two large public datasets i.e. Math23K and Ape-clean show that our tree-structured model outperforms the state-of-the-art models and obtains answer accuracy over 86%. Furthermore, the performance on long-expression problems is promising.¹     

深度检测防火墙技术初探

本文先介绍了防火墙技术的相关概念和发展阶段,重点介绍了新一代的深度检测防火墙的技术及其特征。     

Semantic text classification: A survey of past and recent advances

Automatic text classification is the task of organizing documents into pre-determined classes, generally using machine learning algorithms. Generally speaking, it is one of the most important methods to organize and make use of the gigantic amounts of information that exist in unstructured textual format. Text classification is a widely studied research area of language processing and text mining. In traditional text classification, a document is represented as a bag of words where the words in other words terms are cut from their finer context i.e. their location in a sentence or in a document. Only the broader context of document is used with some type of term frequency information in the vector space. Consequently, semantics of words that can be inferred from the finer context of its location in a sentence and its relations with neighboring words are usually ignored. However, meaning of words, semantic connections between words, documents and even classes are obviously important since methods that capture semantics generally reach better classification performances. Several surveys have been published to analyze diverse approaches for the traditional text classification methods. Most of these surveys cover application of different semantic term relatedness methods in text classification up to a certain degree. However, they do not specifically target semantic text classification algorithms and their advantages over the traditional text classification. In order to fill this gap, we undertake a comprehensive discussion of semantic text classification vs. traditional text classification. This survey explores the past and recent advancements in semantic text classification and attempts to organize existing approaches under five fundamental categories; domain knowledge-based approaches, corpus-based approaches, deep learning based approaches, word/character sequence enhanced approaches and linguistic enriched approaches. Furthermore, this survey highlights the advantages of semantic text classification algorithms over the traditional text classification algorithms.     

中文科技政策文本分类：增强的TextCNN视角*

近年尽管针对中文本文分类的研究成果不少，但基于深度学习对中文政策等长文本进行自动分类的研究还不多见。为此，借鉴和拓展传统的数据增强方法，提出集成新时代人民日报分词语料库（NEPD）、简单数据增强（EDA）算法、word2vec和文本卷积神经网络（TextCNN）的NEWT新型计算框架；实证部分，基于中国地方政府发布的科技政策文本进行算法校验。实验结果显示，在取词长度分别为500、750和1 000词的情况下，应用NEWT算法对中文科技政策文本进行分类的效果优于RCNN、Bi-LSTM和CapsNet等传统深度学习模型，F1值的平均提升比例超过13%；同时，NEWT在较短取词长度下能够实现全文输入的近似效果，可以部分改善传统深度学习模型在中文长文本自动分类任务中的计算效率。     

News-based business sentiment and its properties as an economic index

This paper presents an approach to measuring business sentiment based on textual data. Business sentiment has been measured by traditional surveys, which are costly and time-consuming to conduct. To address the issues, we take advantage of daily newspaper articles and adopt a self-attention-based model to define a business sentiment index, named S-APIR, where outlier detection models are investigated to properly handle various genres of news articles. Moreover, we propose a simple approach to temporally analyzing how much any given event contributed to the predicted business sentiment index. To demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach, an extensive analysis is carried out on 12 years’ worth of newspaper articles. The analysis shows that the S-APIR index is strongly and positively correlated with established survey-based index (up to correlation coefficient $r=0.937$) and that the outlier detection is effective especially for a general newspaper. Also, S-APIR is compared with a variety of economic indices, revealing the properties of S-APIR that it reflects the trend of the macroeconomy as well as the economic outlook and sentiment of economic agents. Moreover, to illustrate how S-APIR could benefit economists and policymakers, several events are analyzed with respect to their impacts on business sentiment over time.     

Fair and Explainable Depression Detection in Social Media

Detection at an early stage is vital for the diagnosis of the majority of critical illnesses and is the same for identifying people suffering from depression. Nowadays, a number of researches have been done successfully to identify depressed persons based on their social media postings. However, an unexpected bias has been observed in these studies, which can be due to various factors like unequal data distribution. In this paper, the imbalance found in terms of participation in the various age groups and demographics is normalized using the one-shot decision approach. Further, we present an ensemble model combining SVM and KNN with the intrinsic explainability in conjunction with noisy label correction approaches, offering an innovative solution to the problem of distinguishing between depression symptoms and suicidal ideas. We achieved a final classification accuracy of 98.05%, with the proposed ensemble model ensuring that the data classification is not biased in any manner.